An ethnoveterinary survey of medicinal plants used to treat livestock diseases in Seharti-Samre district, Northern Ethiopia
February 2012
Ethnoveterinary medicine is frequently used for treating livestock diseases by many different ethnic groups in Ethiopia. Nearly 90% of livestock population in Ethiopia use plant based traditional medicines as their major health care system. This study was conducted to identify ethnoveternary medicinal plants used for the treatment of livestock ailments in Seharti-Samre district, northern Ethiopia. Ethnoveterinary data...
Studies on the prospects and some problems of sand dune vegetation at the fragile coastal zones of West Bengal and Orissa, in Eastern India
January 2012
Platostoma africanum P. Beauv. is a tropical plant species valued for its efficacy in traditional medicinal system in West Africa. Although studied for its chemical properties, no cytogenetic study has been reported on this plant species. Axillary buds obtained from the growing plants were used to conduct mitotic study. Results obtained in this study showed that P. africanum is a diploid species with...
Effect of soybean (Glycine max) leaf extracts on germination and early growth of speargrass (Imperata cylindrica (L.) Reauschel
January 2012
Allelopathy in plants can be instrumental in the suppression of weeds in a crop-weed interaction. Soybean has been found to exhibit allelopathetic effects by inhibiting speargrass germination and subsequent growth. The results showed that soybean and velvet bean extracts significantly reduced speargrass germination by 46 and 54% respectively. There was significant reduction in shoot and root length of speargrass by 37...
Investigation of the effect of salt stress on the antioxidant enzyme activities on the young and old leaves of salsola (Stenoptera) and tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.)
January 2012
We can define all negative factors affecting plant growth as stress. We can say that one of the most important problems among stress factors is salt stress. Although, many researches have been done regarding the effects of salt stress, especially the different responses to salt stress among young and old leaves are being investigated nowadays. For this purpose, responses to salt stress on young and old leaves of salsola...
Study on florets harvest effects on grain and oil yields and their components in safflower (Carthamus tinctorius)
January 2012
We can define all negative factors affecting plant growth as stress. We can say that one of the most important problems among stress factors is salt stress. Although, many researches have been done regarding the effects of salt stress, especially the different responses to salt stress among young and old leaves are being investigated nowadays. For this purpose, responses to salt stress on young and old leaves of salsola...
Yield stability of stem borer resistant maize hybrids evaluated in regional trials in east Africa
January 2012
Twenty-seven stem borer-resistant maize hybrids and three checks were evaluated in 14 locations in Kenya and Ethiopia to study the genotype x environment interaction (GEI) and yield stability. An analysis of variance was conducted for grain yield, number of days to silking, plant height, ear height and grain moisture content, and reaction to turcicum leaf blight, gray leaf spot, maize streak virus diseases and common...
Determination and comparing of the essential oil components in wild and cultivated populations of Thymus kotschyanus Boiss. & Hohen
January 2012
Thymus kotschyanus Boiss. & Hohen. is a grassy, permanent herb which belongs toLabiatae family and grows wild in some regions of Iran including West Azarbaijan province. In this study, variations in the quantity and quality of the essential oils of wild and cultivated populations of T. kotschyanus are reported. The aerial parts of T. Kotschyanus at the beginning of flowering stage (20%...
Karyotype characterization of Platostoma africanum P. Beauv. in Southeastern Nigeria
January 2012
Platostoma africanum P. Beauv. is a tropical plant species valued for its efficacy in traditional medicinal system in West Africa. Although studied for its chemical properties, no cytogenetic study has been reported on this plant species. Axillary buds obtained from the growing plants were used to conduct mitotic study. Results obtained in this study showed that P. africanum is a diploid species with...
Validation of the use of secondary traits and selection indices for drought tolerance in tropical maize (Zea mays L.)
January 2012
Breeding progress for drought tolerance in maize has been slow since drought tolerance is a complex trait controlled by many genes. Breeders improving maize for drought tolerance have therefore been using secondary traits and selection indices for selecting the best genotypes under drought stress. The objectives of this study were to determine the combining ability of the inbred lines in stress and non stress...
Response of tomato (Solanum lycopersicon) to cadmium toxicity: Growth, element uptake, chlorophyll content and photosynthesis rate
January 2012
The effect of cadmium (Cd) accumulation on mineral composition in roots and shoots, growth development, chlorophyll and water content of tomato (Solanum lycopersiconMill 63/5F1) seedlings was tested under doses of 0 (control), 10, 50 and 100 µM. Cadmium accumulation was defined by elevated concentrations as 50 to 100 µM in root and shoot tissues. Element uptake by roots and shoot was negatively affected...
Effects of food spices on Gram-negative food indicator bacteria from some Nigerian ethnic fermented plant food condiments
January 2012
Varied but multiple antibiotic resistance rates were exhibited by all the foodborne indicator bacterial species, Citrobacter, Escherichia coli, Enterobacter, Klebsiella,Morganella morganii, Salmonella, Shigella, Pseudomonas isolated from four most-popular Nigerian indigenous fermented plant food condiments ogiri, iru, okpehe andugba. The generally...
Vegetation and flora dynamic of the fallow of the national centre of floristic (NCF) of Cocody-Abidjan University (Ivory Coast)
January 2012
The flora and the vegetation of the fallow of the National Centre of Floristic (NCF) were analyzed 14 years after first inventory was carried out in 1995. The objective of this study was to evaluate the evolution of the flora and the vegetation of the fallow of the NCF. Thus, the fallow was divided into 4 layers representing each one with homogeneous plot. The methodology of inventory adopted is the combination of the...
A community analysis of Quercus baloot Griff, forest District Dir, Upper Pakistan
January 2012
Twenty-two relatively undisturbed Quercus baloot dominating stands were surveyed on different physiographic situations in district Dir upper Pakistan. The purpose of the study was to investigate the types and structure of plant communities and ecological status ofQ. baloot using agglomerative cluster analysis and detrended correspondence analysis (DCA ordination). The distribution pattern and influential...
Genotype × season interaction and characters association of some Sesame (sesamum indicum L.) genotypes under rain-fed conditions of Sudan
January 2012
The experiment was carried out at Gedarif Agricultural Research Station Sudan, during the rainy seasons 08/09 and 09/2010, to estimate the genotype x season interaction and to asses the characters association for seven sesame genotypes. A randomized complete block design with four replicates was used. The...
Pollen morphology of Tacca leontopetaloides (L.) Kuntze in Nigeria
January 2012
The pollen of Tacca leontopetaloides collected from four different locations across Nigeria was prepared and studied under the light microscope. The exine pattern was observed to be fairly striate in all samples from the four different locations, while all the grains were monosulcate. Based on the polar axis size, the pollen sample from Akoko (sample A) was small sized, while the rest are medium sized. The...
Innovations in resource management for sustainable rice based farming
December 2011
Agricultural practice cannot be sustainable unless and until it is improving or at least conserving the natural resource base. There is need for a shift in outlook of viewing only the immediate benefits of farming practices. Rather, farming practices should be judged in terms of its effects on natural resources and environment, besides benefits in terms of yield and quality. Some ways and means of managing external...
Response of Ethiopian durum wheat genotypes to water deficit induced at various growth stages
December 2011
Understanding the effect of water stress on yield and its components is the essential step in developing of high yielding and stable genotypes. Substantial reduction in grain yield can be caused by water deficit depending on the intensity, duration and the developmental stage at which water stress occurred. An experiment was conducted in the lathouse at Sinana Agricultural Research Center in...
Yield potential evaluation and path analysis of different sesame genotypes under various levels of iron
December 2011
In order to evaluate yield potential of different genotypes of sesame under different levels of iron micronutrient and determinate the most effective traits on the yield, the experiment was carried out as split plot based on randomized complete block design at Jiroft during 2008. Treatments consisted of three levels of Fe fertilizer (chalet 138) (0, 5 and 10 kg/ha) as the main factor and different genotypes of sesame...
Sunflower seed invigoration by chemical manipulation
December 2011
Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L. cv. Morden) seeds lose viability at a rapid pace under accelerated ageing (AA) condition. Pretreatment of the seeds with salicylic acid and ascorbic acid for 8 h before imposition of accelerated ageing treatment in desiccator (99.1% RH and 32 ± 2°C) or continuous treatment of the seeds with Eucalyptus oil vapour for 60 days in a separate desiccator under the same...
Effect of storage temperature and packaging materials on seed germination and seed-borne fungi of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench.) in South West Nigeria
December 2011
A laboratory experiment was conducted at Ibadan, Nigeria to determine the effect of storage temperature and packaging materials on the germination and associated seed-borne fungi of two accessions of sorghum seed (NG/SA/07/0194 and NGB/08/0270). The seeds were stored at three different storage temperature (gene bank temperature -5°C), freezing temperature (-20 ± 2°C) and ambient temperature (25 ±...
Interaction between maize phenology and transgenic maize hybrids on stalk rots following European corn borer infestation
December 2011
Field studies were carried out at Hoytville and Wooster, Ohio, USA from 2006 to 2008 to determine the influence of planting date and transgenic Bt maize on incidence and severity of stalk rots of maize. Transgenic and non-transgenic Bt maize hybrids with different maturity ratings were planted on late April/early May, mid-May and early June each year. The incidence and severity of the maize stalk rot complex were...
Volatile constituents of essential oils isolated from different parts of Alpinia calcarata Rosc
December 2011
The essential oils isolated from different parts of Alpinia calcarata Rosc. growing in Chittagong, Bangladesh, were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The leaf oil contained 1,8-cineole (28.48%) and camphor (21.40%) as the major constituents. The stem sheath oil had fenchyl acetate (19.16%) and carotol (16.77%) as the major compounds. On the other hand, the root oil...
Effect of calcium, magnesium, sodium and potassium on farm plantations of various agroeclogical zones of Punjab, Pakistan
December 2011
The immense impact of trees in the development of a country cannot be denied and over-emphasized. Pakistan has a narrow forest resource base extending over only about 4.8% (4.59% excluding farmland plantations) of its area, which is insufficient to provide the material needs for the growing population, expanding and to retard and arrest the ongoing environmental and ecological degradation process. Based on...
Appraisal of methods for assessing black Sigatoka resistance in diploid banana populations
December 2011
Three black Sigatoka assessment protocols, (i) assessing disease severity 6 months after planting, (ii) estimating disease development over time in the different accessions, and (iii) assessing the youngest leaf spotted (YLS) at flowering were appraised. The assessment was implemented on 18 diploid accessions together with susceptible and resistant checks, planted in a 4 × 5 rectangular lattice design with two...
Early tests on tolerant kabuli chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) genotypes selection for drought stress
November 2011
In order to determine early selection parameters for drought stress tolerance, an experiment was carried out, in situ, in pots under controlled climatic conditions. Drought stress tolerance of eight “kabuli” chickpea type accessions (Béja1, Amdoun 1, Nayer, Kasseb, Bochra, FLIP96-114C, FLIP88-42C and ILC3279) was evaluated with four amounts of irrigation: 100, 75, 50 and...
Cost analysis of on-farm adaptive research (OFAR) as a strategy for Hevea technology transfer in the rubber belt of Nigeria
November 2011
Change of some defense compounds of cucumber treated with Bacillus cereus and salicylic acid against Meloidogyne javanica
November 2011
In this research, the effects of antagonist bacterium (Bacillus cereus) and salicylic acid (SA) as chemical inducer alone and in combination against root knot nematode (Meloidogyne javanica) as the most important nematode in Iran, on cucumber roots (cv. superdominus) was investigated. The used concentrations were 109 cfu/ml for bacteria and 5 mM for SA. In greenhouse experiments some parameters were...
Mitotic chromosome studies of some accessions of African yam bean Sphenostylis stenocarpa (Hochst. Ex. A. Rich.) Harm.
November 2011
In this study the chromosome number, chromosome length and mitotic indices of 21 accessions of African Yam Bean (AYB) were determined. To accomplish this, the best time to harvest growing root tips was identified by measuring mitotic index of chromosomes prepared from root tips of accession TSs148 collected at two hours interval within a 24 h study period from 8 am to 6 am of following day. Cell division occurred...
Assessment of disturbances caused by interaction of multinutrient deficiencies of sulphur, zinc and boron in mustard
November 2011
In higher plants, due to indiscriminate use of fertilizers, sometimes multiple deficiencies or toxicity is created in the growing medium, which disturbed the yield and metabolism of plants. To observe the effect of sulphur (S) deficiency on zinc (Zn) and boron (B) nutrition of mustard (Brassica compestris L.) var. T9, plants were grown in refined sand in complete nutrition (control - 2 mM S, 1 µM...
In vitro propagation of Ceropegia juncea Roxb
November 2011
The present study was conducted to establish a protocol for in vitro propagation of an endemic medicinal plant Ceropegia juncea (Asclepiadaceae) from one month old aseptic seedling nodal explants. The highest shoot multiplication rate of 20.65 ± 0.20 shoots/explant was achieved on Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with BAP 8.87 mM + TDZ 4.54 mM. Excised shoots were rooted...
Evaluation of cumin (Cuminum Cyminum L.) landraces under drought stress based on some agronomic traits
November 2011
The present study was conducted to establish a protocol for in vitro propagation of an endemic medicinal plant Ceropegia juncea (Asclepiadaceae) from one month old aseptic seedling nodal explants. The highest shoot multiplication rate of 20.65 ± 0.20 shoots/explant was achieved on Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with BAP 8.87 mM + TDZ 4.54 mM. Excised shoots were rooted...
Green house assessment of drought tolerance in maize (Zea mays L.) using some plant parameters
November 2011
A green house study was conducted between July and August, 2009 to test and determine the drought tolerance levels of ten maize (Zea mays L.) genotypes. The top soil used was retrieved from Bediease series (Chromic lixisol). Ten genotypes, (six inbred lines and four varieties) having different...
Comparative studies on consumption preference, mineral contents and proximate composition of five ecotypes of Gnetum aficanum Welw. from Northwest Cameroun and Southeast Nigeria
November 2011
A comparative study on the consumption preference, mineral contents and proximate composition of five ecotypes of the edible vegetable, Gnetum africanum Welw. was carried out. The five ecotypes were Umuahia ecotype, Calabar ecotype, Ikom ecotype, Eket ecotype (Nigeria) and Limbe ecotype (Cameroun). These five ecotypes were chosen because they represent a wide consumption range of the vegetable. The minerals...
Sensitivity of some quantitative and yield characters of ‘Egusi’ melon (Colocynthis citrullus L.) to treatment with microtubule inhibitors
November 2011
A major constraint in the improvement of ‘Egusi’ melon lies in the fact that attempts attransferring desirable genes into the plant from wild relatives are limited by interspecific hybridization barriers. Therefore, antimitotic agents were used as a means of introducing genetic variability for possible incorporation into breeding programmes of the crop. Seeds soaked in water and three different...
Establishment of high-elevation fourwing saltbush (Atriplex canescens Pursh Nutt.) ecotypes in Northern Mexico´s oak-bunchgrass rangelands
November 2011
In Mexico, fourwing saltbush grows in shrubland ecosystems where the highest elevation is approximately 1,500 m, while in the United States of America (USA) it is found up to 2,400 m elevations. The objective was to evaluate the growth and survival of the Sandoval, Grants and Trinidad ecotypes in Mexico’s oak-bunchgrassland, as well as to characterize the soils of two high-elevation sites in southwest United...
Rooting and vegetative growth responses of “difficult-to-root†Ixora coccinea and Ficus benjamina cv. ‘starlight’ to different stem cutting types and soilless media
November 2011
Studies were carried out at the Department of Horticulture, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana, to determine the rooting and vegetative growth responses of different stem cutting types (heel and straight) of Ixora coccineaand Ficus benjamina cv. ‘Starlight’ to different soilless media formulations over a 10-week period. Two experiments of a 2 × 6 factorial...
Stock of Prunus africana stems on the mount Cameroon forest
November 2011
Prunus africana is a species of the Rosaceae family, known under its trade/pilot name as pygeum or African cherry. The bark is the major source of an extract used to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia, an increasingly common health problem in older men in the western world. A study for estimating the stock of the stems of P. africana was carried out in December 2010 – February...
Economic assessment of some pre-emergence herbicides in the production of millet-cowpea intercrop in the Sudan Savanna Zone of Nigeria
October 2011
Field trials were conducted in 1997 and 1998 cropping seasons at the University of Maiduguri Teaching and Research Farm located in Maduguri (11° 50’N; 13° 10’E). The aim was to carry out an economic analysis of the use of some pre-emergence herbicides for the production of millet-cowpea intercrop. The experiment consisted of 14 treatments which included four different herbicides at three rates each,...
Establishing the basis for drought tolerance in maize (zea mays L.) using some secondary traits in the field
October 2011
A field experiment was carried out from October 2009 to February 2010, to determine the drought tolerance levels of ten maize (Zea mays L.) genotypes and to establish a basis for the development of drought tolerant hybrids. The soil used belongs to theAsuansi series (Ferric Acrisol). Six inbred lines and four varieties with different genetic backgrounds were used. A total of 80 plots were prepared in the...
Drought response of some tropical rice genotypes: Rooting, vegetative traits and grain production
October 2011
Sixteen upland rice varieties, comprising of some interspecific New rice for Africa (NERICA) hybrids, established varieties and some breeding lines, were raised in the greenhouse and used to expound drought response under varying moisture conditions, as a guide for breeding genotypes with appreciable drought tolerance and grain yield. Varieties were subjected to different levels of drought stress through different...
Effect of plant spacing on seed yield and yield components in kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus) variety, Ifeken 400
October 2011
Plant spacing required for optimum crop productivity depends on morpho-physiological traits between varieties, and the interaction between genotype and the environment. Studies were conducted in Ibadan (7°38’N 3°84’E) Nigeria, at the Institute of Agricultural Research and Training (IAR and T) during 2006 and 2007 to determine the influence of row spacing on seed yield in kenaf ...
Effects of organic and inorganic fertilizers on early growth characteristics of Khaya ivorensis Chev (African mahogany) in nursery
October 2011
The effects of two inorganic fertilizers (urea and super phosphate simple) and organic manure (fowl droppings) on the early growth of seedlings of Khaya ivorensis in nursery were investigated using ten nutrient treatments, nine of which were nutrient combinations and one, a negative control. Urea was added at 0.75 and 112.50 mg while super phosphate simple (SPS) was added at 0.30 and 60 mg. Changes in plant...
Quantities and values of selected forest medicines harvested by eight villages adjacent to natural woodlands in the four ecological zones of rural Swaziland
October 2011
Harvesting patterns of non-timber forest products (NTFPs) normally vary within and between communities and villages adjacent to natural woodlands. The objective of this study was to undertake user surveys to determine the actual quantities of harvested and utilized medicinal NTFPs, and to do an economic valuation of their direct use values. Methods used included literature research, community consultations, household...
Morpho-anatomical variation in some accessions of Moringa oleifera Lam. from Northern Nigeria
October 2011
Variations in the leaf morphological and anatomical features of Moringa oleifera Lam. accessions from Northern Nigeria have been reported. The wide range of uses of this naturalised crop in Nigeria has in recent time witnessed increasing demand of its foliar product in nutritional, medical and ecological applications. The upsurge demand for this product needs to be balanced with new lines...
Evaluation of cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.) landraces under drought stress based on some agronomic traits
October 2011
Cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.) is a herbaceous and medicinal crop which is one of the most important export crops for countries such as Iran. This study was conducted to study the effects of drought stress on agronomic traits in cumin landraces of Iran. This experiment was conducted in simple lattice design, with two replications in drought stress and non-stress conditions. Nine land races (49 sub landraces) from...
Anti–diabetic studies of aqueous extract of Triplochiton scleroxylon on platelets and associated parameters in alloxan-induced diabetic rabbits
October 2011
The effects of aqueous extract of Triplochiton scleroxylon (TS) on platelet and associated parameters, namely, platelet counts, volume and distribution width in alloxan-induced diabetic rabbits (New Zealand strain) were carried out. Plasma glucose concentration was also monitored as the test rabbits were treated with at least 100 ml of the aqueous extract daily through clean drinking troughs for a period of 28...
Salinity tolerance of rice lines related to endogenous abscisic acid (ABA) level synthesis under stress
October 2011
As the plant hormone abscisic acid (ABA) is involved in responses to salinity stress. We tested its putative relationship with the degree of tolerance to this abiotic stress. For this purpose we have examined the responses of sensitive (IR29) and tolerant (IR651) varieties of indica rice (Oryza sativa L.) to a range of salinity (0 (control) and 100 mM NaCl). Shoot and root dry weight was reduced and leaf Na...
Effect of drought stress and N fertilizer on yield, yield components and grain storage proteins in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) cultivars
October 2011
Among the unfavorable environmental conditions, water deficit is the most significant factor that adversely affects plant growth, development and productivity. To determine the effects of drought stress and N fertilizer on yield, yield components and grain protein profiling pattern of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) a field experiment was conducted on a clay soil, in Razi University of Kermanshah, Iran. The...
Effects of fungicides on pollen germination peach and nectarine in vitro
October 2011
Alive pollen with good viability and germination ability for fruit setting in peach and nectarine is necessary. For pollen viability test and aware of pollen quality in these fruits, experiment was done in vitro conditions based on effects of eight fungicides including Sumi-eight, Cupravit, Karatane, Topsin-M, Vitavax thiram, Beam, Benlate and Tecto at commercially recommended concentrations and at double...
Economic aspects of intercropping systems of vegetables (okra, tomato and cowpea)
October 2011
Various field experiments were conducted in the cropping seasons of 2007 and 2008 to evaluate the agro-economic returns obtainable from the intercrop involving tomato, okra and cowpea at varying levels of cropping densities. The experimental design used for each of the field analyses was randomized complete block design with each of the treatments replicated three times. Average of yields over the consecutive two-year...
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