Land ownership and its associated frameworks significantly influence poverty reduction and wealth creation in developing countries, particularly in Ethiopia. This paper examines the various land tenure systems in Ethiopia, focusing on how land tenure and property rights affect agricultural productivity, thereby impacting poverty alleviation and economic growth. The analysis highlights that the primary obstacles to enhancing agricultural output and reducing poverty include land scarcity, ineffective land tenure structures, and inadequate agricultural technology. These challenges are prevalent across many sub-Saharan African countries, including Ethiopia. The findings underscore the necessity of securing land ownership to boost productivity and foster economic growth through improved access to credit and increased investments in land. Based on these findings, the study recommends comprehensive policy reforms that prioritize land security and facilitate access to agricultural inputs and credit, crucial for sustainable agricultural development and poverty reduction.
Keywords: Agricultural development, Ethiopia, land tenure policy, poverty reduction, property rights.