May 2015
Determinants of livelihood diversification strategies: The case of smallholder rural farm households in Debre Elias Woreda, East Gojjam Zone, Ethiopia
Smallholder rural farm households face an increasing need of looking for alternative income sources to supplement their small scale agricultural activities. However, livelihood diversification is determined by complex and yet empirically untested factors in Debre Elias Woreda. Thus, the aim of this study is to assess the determinants of livelihood diversification strategies in the study area. The data were collected...
May 2015
Effect of salinity on seed germination of Abelmoschus esculentus
Salinity is one of the most common abiotic factors in the world and which strongly limits crop yields. Germination under salt stress could be a quick test to look for salt-tolerant plants. Our study was carried out on the seeds of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.), a mallow native to East Africa, known for its fruit used as a vegetable, rich in vitamin C and calcium. The objective of this experiment is to study the...
May 2015
Rainwater harvesting potential for crop production in the Bugesera district of Rwanda
The objective of this study was to test the utility of a spatial explicit water balance technique in assessing the rainwater harvesting potential for crop production to design food security strategies in the Bugesera District. The district was delineated into 19 catchments through the hydroprocessing algorithm in ILWIS using the SRTM 90 m DEM, and runoff, a proxy of the potential rainwater harvest, was computed using...
May 2015
Insecticidal activities and chemical composition of the essential oil from Tarchonanthus camphoratus (L.), leaves against Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky, and Sitophilus oryzae (L.)
The essential oil of Tarchonanthus camphoratus dry leaves growing in Kwa-Zulu Natal, South Africa was obtained by hydrodistillation and evaluated for its repellent effect, contact and fumigation toxicity against both Sitophilus zeamais and Sarocladium oryzae. Chemical composition of the essential oil was analysed by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The study revealed that the essential oil of T. camphoratus...
May 2015
Integrated management of leaf and neck blast disease of rice caused by Pyricularia oryzae
An investigation was carried out at two locations during Kharif 2007 - 2008, to evaluate the efficacy of fungicides, bio-agent and botanicals for the management of rice blast caused by Pyricularia oryzae Cavara, on highly susceptible cv. Pankhali. All the spray treatments proved effective and reduce leaf and neck blast intensity and significantly increased the yield parameters. Among the treatments, tricyclazole proved...
May 2015
Sensitivity of Colletotrichum lindemuthianum from green beans to fungicides and race determination of isolates from State of São Paulo, Brazil
This study determined the physiological races of Colletotrichum lindemuthianum isolates, causal agent of anthracnose, collected in green bean producing regions, and assessed the in vitro and in vivo sensitivity of isolates to fungicides. Physiological races of isolates were determined by inoculation of bean differential cultivars under controlled conditions. In vitro sensitivity of colony growth and conidial germination...
May 2015
Combining ability of some sorghum lines for dry lands and sub-humid environments of East Africa
Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) is a major food crop grown in dry lands and sub-humid areas of East Africa. A study was conducted between 2010 to 2012 in dry lands (Miwaleni, Kiboko) and sub-humid (Ukiriguru) environments to identify parents for hybrid production. It involved 121 lines from ICRISAT and 121 hybrids developed from 36 male sterile lines and 42 restorer lines in a line × tester crossing....
May 2015
Sustainable timber utilization and management in Ebonyi State, Nigeria
This study was carried out to ascertain the perception of the people on sustainable timber utilization and management in Ebonyi State, Nigeria. Three Local Government Areas (LGAs) were purposively selected from the timber producing areas of the state, and multi stage random sampling technique was employed to select a total of 150 respondents. Primary data were used for the study. Structured questionnaire was used...
May 2015
Diagrammatic scale for blister spot in leaves of coffee tree
Blister Spot is a disease transmitted through seeds. This characteristic of the disease reveals the studies of severity can offer more replies than the studies of incidence. Due to the inexistence of standardized for visual quantification of the Blister Spot’s severity, the aim of this work was to build up and validate a diagrammatic scale for evaluating the severity of Blister Spot in coffee tree. Leaves in the...
May 2015
Sources and rates of nitrogen fertilizer used in Mombasa guineagrass in the Brazilian Cerrado region
Brazilian Cerrado is constituted largely by extensive grazing. In this region, livestock production indices are low, because the producers do not perform a soil amendment. The aim of this work was to study a pasture with high production potential using sources and rates of nitrogen (N). Nitrogen sources used were: Ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium sulphonitrate, sulfammo and urea applied on the basis of 100...
May 2015
Study of the influence of physico-chemical characteristics of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) stem on its varietal vulnerability to termites ravaging cuttings Odontotermes sp. aff. Erraticus
Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) includes a multitude of varieties different by several parameters, each of them with specific characteristics. Some of these varietal specificities may constitute the seat of an influence on the vulnerability of this plant to stresses. In this present study, we proposed to assess the impact of physico-chemical parameters of the cassava stem on its varietal sensitivity to termites...
May 2015
Agronomic performance of soybean according to stages of development and levels of defoliation
Insect pests have led to decreases in grain yield; yet this occurrence depends on the level of defoliation and the reproductive stage of the plant when defoliation occurs. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the agronomic performance of the cultivar BRS Favorita RR® according to the stages of reproductive development of the plant at defoliation and the levels of defoliation. A randomized block...
May 2015
Quantity-intensity characteristics of Potassium (K) in relation to potassium availability under different cropping system in alluvial soils
Potassium availability to the plant is influenced by internal soil properties and other external properties. Quantity intensity characteristics are one of the satisfactory measures of potassium dynamics and its availability. So quantity intensity characteristics of potassium were studied to quantify the potassium availability in three different cropping systems viz., paddy-paddy, banana and paddy-pulse based. Three soil...
May 2015
Approaches and methods used in analyzing compliance with fishery regulations
This paper reviews existing literature on analytical framework and methodological approaches to study noncompliance with fishery regulations. The causes of the problem of illegal fishing and noncompliance with fishery regulations are analysed and reasons behind the failure of current management regimes to promote sustainable management and exploitation of fishery are investigated. Several deterrence models have...
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