June 2013
Aluminium toxicity tolerance in crop plants: Present status of research
Soil acidity is one of the major constraints to agricultural production in large parts around the world. In acid soils, aluminium toxicity and consequent low phosphorous availability impair plant growth. The primary response to aluminium stress is visible in the roots. Exclusion and neutralization are two well known mechanism of aluminium tolerance in plants. Although, relative root growth in high aluminium...
June 2013
Genetic characterization of the Mascaruna goat, a Sicilian autochthonous population, using molecular markers
The aim of this work was to characterize a Sicilian autochthonous goat population using microsatellite markers and genetic polymorphisms at the casein genes. In order to investigate the genetic structure of the Mascaruna goat, a total of 60 (20 Girgentana, 20 mixed populations, and 20 Mascaruna) individuals were analyzed, using a panel of 18 microsatellite markers. Moreover, the Mascaruna goats were genotyped...
June 2013
Association of GSTP1 gene polymorphisms with performance traits in Deoni cattle
Heat stress directly and indirectly stimulate excessive intra/inter cellular toxicants such as malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Glutathione S-transferase Pi (GSTP1) plays the central role in the detoxification of ROS. In this investigation, we studied the genetic variation in GSTP1 gene using polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) technique in...
June 2013
Potential of marker-assisted selection for Tobacco mosaic tobamovirus resistance in tobacco breeding
Tobacco mosaic tobamovirus (TMV) is one of the most destructive virus threatening worldwide tobacco production. Use of host resistance is the best method of control. The N-gene was introgressed into tobacco from Nicotiana glutinosa to confer hypersensitive resistance to TMV. Phenotypic selection of TMV resistant germplasm is expensive, slow and unreliable. Use of N-gene specific...
June 2013
Isolation and characterization of differentially expressed genes in the mycelium and fruit body of Pleurotus ostreatus
The fruiting body of one of the most widely cultivated mushrooms, the oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) is highly interesting, both commercially and scientifically. In the present study, we performed comparative proteomic profiling of P. ostreatus at two unique developmental stages; mycelium and fruit body, using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE). Seven hundred fourteen (714) spots...
June 2013
Molecular diversity among wild relatives of Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.
The wild relatives of pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.] are important source of genetic variation carrying genes for resistance to various biotic and abiotic stresses and other morphological traits. In the present study, four wild relatives of pigeonpea were evaluated using 24 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers to assess their genetic diversity at molecular level. Each marker, on average,...
June 2013
Volatile metabolites profiling of a Chinese mangrove endophytic Pestalotiopsis sp. strain
Pestalotiopsis JCM2A4, an endophytic fungus originally isolated from leaves of the Chinese mangrove plant Rhizophora mucronata, produces a mixture of volatile metabolites. As determined by gas chromatography and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/GC-MS), 18 compounds representing all of the hexane extract were identified. Higher amounts of oil-based straight-chained alkyl (mono-...
June 2013
Implications of plant cover in the structure of a clayey oxisol under no-tillage
Knowledge of indicators of soil physical quality is of paramount importance for better understanding of soil-plant relationships. These indicators include the bulk density and soil resistance to penetration. The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of four cover crop species in the process of reducing the soil density and its resistance to penetration in areas managed under no-tillage system. The...
June 2013
Plants growth, water relations and photosynthesis of two bean genotypes Phaseolus vulgaris L. treated with NaCl and fluridone
Phaseolus vulgaris has a great variability regarding the tolerance to salinity. In this work, we used fluridone as a tool to study the herbicide’s effect on two salt stressed bean genotypes since fluridone alters photosynthetic pigments and blocks normal abscisic acid biosynthesis under salinity. Plants from two bean genotypes were subjected to different NaCl concentrations during three days....
June 2013
Phosphate-induced cadmium adsorption in a tropical savannah soil
The influence of phosphate (P) on cadmium (Cd) adsorption was examined in a savanna soil with long history of different fertilizer amendment. The soil was incubated with P at 0, 250 and 500 mg P kg-1 soil and left to equilibrate for 2 weeks. Cd was added to the P-incubated soil at concentrations ranging from 27, 49 and 83 mg Cd kg soil. Addition of phosphate as KH2PO4 increased Cd adsorption by...
June 2013
A miracle if restored, p53
The tumour suppressor function of p53 is due to its highly regulated activity as a transcriptional factor. This very important player is a frequent target of mutation in majority of human cancers. p53 activation is a valid anticancer approach that can result in development of new cancer treatments. New discoveries are emerging rapidly about the functional control of p53 that...
June 2013
Quantitative immunochemistry using IgG and IgY against plant hormones
The present study focuses on obtaining and comparing IgY and IgG antibodies against indoleacetic acid (IAA), zeatin (Z) and isopentenyladenine (2iP). The use of antibodies in rapid tests to analyse hormones has been developed for the immediate application of high sensitivity immunoglobulins against IAA, 2iP and Z. Each plant hormone was conjugated to bovine serum albumin (BSA) or ovalbumin (OVA), both of...
June 2013
Synergistic interactions between plant extracts, some antibiotics and/or their impact upon antibiotic-resistant bacterial isolates
In this study, the antibacterial activities of medicinal plant extracts [of Rehumpalmatum (R), Cassia angustifolia (C), Glycyrrhiza glabra (G), Chichorium intybus(Ch), and Matricaria chamomilla (M)], on antibiotic- resistant isolates (Staphylococcus aureus and Alcaligenes xylosoxidans) collected from clinical samples, pharmaceutical...
June 2013
Reducing fat and sodium content in pork sausage
This work aimed to prepare pork sausage using xanthan gum and light salt (NaCl/KCl) to replace the fat and common salt (NaCl), respectively, and to assess the impact of the changes in the chemical and sensory characteristics of the product. The consumers evaluated sensory acceptance with respect to flavor, odor, texture and appearance (mixed 9-point structured hedonic scale). The use of xanthan...
June 2013
Evaluation of cytotoxicity and oxidative stress induced by alcoholic extract and oil of Lepidium Sativum seeds in human liver cell line HepG2
Since, the primary site of drug metabolism is the liver, that plays a major role in metabolism, digestion, detoxification, and elimination of substances from the body, the present studies were designed to investigate the possible adverse effect of alcoholic extract of seeds of Lepidium sativum (LSA) and Lepidium sativum seed oil (LSO) on HepG2 cells, a human liver cell line. LSA and...
June 2013
Studies of Copaifera luetzelburgii Harms in reproductive pharmacology: In vivo and in vitro approaches
The objective of this study was to evaluate the estrogenic and anti-estrogenic actions,as well as the reproductive and foetal toxicity, of the ethanol extract from Copaiferaluetzelburgii (EEtOH-Cl). In the experiment of (anti) estrogenicity, nulliparous Wistar rats were treated for 3 days with EEtOH-Cl (125, 250 and 500 mg/kg); estradiol...
June 2013
Accumulation of cadmium, copper, lead, zinc and iron in the edible oyster, Saccostrea cucullata in coastal areas of West Bengal
The coastal region of West Bengal has exhibited signs of impaired ecological health due to rapid urbanization and industrialization. In the last century, these regions were highly polluted with heavy metals which caused a great concern to the health of ecosystem as well as human beings. There is high probability of bioaccumulation of these metals because most of them are non biodegradable or poorly...
June 2013
Anti-poliovirus activity of medicinal plants selected from the Nigerian ethno-medicine
This study was carried out to validate acclaimed anti-poliovirus effect of crude methanol extracts from 14 medicinal plants used by traditional healers in Southwest Nigeria. Plant samples were powdered and extracted by cold maceration into absolute methanol and maximum non toxic concentration (MNTC) of each plant extract to rhabdomyosarcoma (RD) cells was determined in tissue culture. Using serial two-fold...
June 2013
The effects of different levels of vitamin-E and organic selenium on performance and immune response of laying hens
The aim of this study was to determine the effects of different vitamin-E and organic selenium (selenomethionine) levels on performance and immune response of laying hens. A total of 270 laying hens (65-weeks old Lohman-LSL Lite) were assigned to nine experimental diets consisting of nine replicates (cage) and six hens per cage. A 3×3 factorial arrangement including three levels of vitamin E...
June 2013
Determination of genetic diversity in strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) using principal component analysis (PCA) and single linkage cluster analysis (SLCA)
To assess the nature and magnitude of variability in 22 genotypes, strawberry from diverse eco- geographic origins were evaluated using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and single linkage cluster analysis (SLCA), assessing the divergence and similarity. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The genotypes were classified into five for the determination of...
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