July 2013
A review of occurrence of pharmaceuticals in sediments
There is no doubt whatsoever that an increasing number of pharmaceuticals are being discharged in the aquatic environment. They may be present at trace levels. However, pharmaceuticals and their metabolites adverse effects on aquatic lives, animals and humans are a growing concern in the worldwide. Pharmaceuticals contamination of aquatic environment has been of major concern in recent years. Many studies have been...
July 2013
Constructed wetlands: A future alternative wastewater treatment technology
Wastewater treatment will always pose problems if there are no new alternative technologies in place to replace the currently available technologies. More recently, it has been estimated that developing countries will run out of water by 2050. This is a course for concern not only to the communities but also a challenge to the scientist to find new ways of wastewater recycling. Water losses can be avoided through...
July 2013
Genetic relationships and isozyme profile of dermatophytes and Candida strains from Egypt and Libya
Three molecular techniques random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) were employed for identification and to study the genetic relationship among six species of dermatophytes and three species of yeasts isolated from Egyptian and Libyan patients with skin mycosis. Each species was represented by two isolates, one from Egyptian...
July 2013
Molecular variance of the Tunisian almond germplasm assessed by simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers
The genetic variance analysis of 82 almond (Prunus dulcis Mill.) genotypes was performed using ten genomic simple sequence repeats (SSRs). A total of 50 genotypes from Tunisia including local landraces identified while prospecting the different sites of Bizerte and Sidi Bouzid (Northern and central parts) which are the most important locations of almond diversity in Tunisia were included....
July 2013
Analysis of genetic diversity in female, male and half sibs willow genotypes through RAPD and SSR markers
Willows belong to the genus Salix (Salicaceae) and consist of large number of species with large phenotypic variations. As a result, it has a low diagnostic value for identifying pure species and interspecific hybrids. Genetic characterization of 34 reference genotypes (4 female, 10 male, and 20 half sibs) of Salix collected from Naganji Nursery of University of Horticulture and Forestry, Solan,...
July 2013
Arbitrarily primed sequence-related amplified polymorphism (AP-SRAP)
Sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) is a new-type molecular technique that targets coding sequences in the genome and results in a moderate number of co-dominant markers. Based on the SRAP program, the random primer combinations of SRAP, amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) and simple sequence repeat (SSR) were used as new primers in marker analysis. We defined this technique as arbitrarily primed...
July 2013
Photosynthetic behaviour of Arabidopsis thaliana (Pa-1 accession) under salt stress
The growth reduction observed in many plants caused by salinity is often associated with a decrease in their photosynthetic capacity. This effect could be associated with the partial stomatal closure and/or the non-stomatal limitation which involves the decrease in ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase oxygenase (RUBISCO) activity. The objective of this study was to explore the mechanisms of inhibited...
July 2013
Farmers’ awareness and perceived benefits of agro-ecological intensification practices in banana systems in Uganda
Declining soil fertility and pests and diseases are major constraints to banana productivity in smallholder farming systems in Uganda. This study explored farmers’ awareness and perceptions on agro-ecological intensification (AEI) practices for addressing these constraints in five banana-growing districts in Uganda. Stratified random sampling procedure was used to select 60 households for a survey from different...
July 2013
Physiological, biochemical and molecular responses of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) plants to heavy metals stress
Heavy metals are essential and important for plants growth, and play as key components of many vital compounds. However, when they increase in concentration, heavy metals show symptoms such as growth delay and inhibition of biochemical reactions. The current study focused on the impact of five heavy metals (lead, chromium, nickel, cadmium, zinc) on growth and performance of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv....
July 2013
Rapid molecular detection of Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus, the bacterium associated with citrus huanglongbing (greening) disease of Mandarin using polymerase chain reaction
Huanglongbing (HLB or citrus greening or yellow shoot disease) is a devastating disease of citrus caused by nonculturable, fastidious phloem limited bacterium,Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus and threatens the citrus industry in Asian countries. The putative causal agent of the disease is transmitted through insect vector or grafting with diseased budwood. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR)...
July 2013
Effect of maturity and harvest season on antioxidant activity, phenolic compounds and ascorbic acid of Morinda citrifolia L. (noni) grown in Mexico (with track change)
Antioxidant activity diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH), the ferric-reducing antioxidant power assay (FRAP), nitric oxide (NO)], total polyphenols, phenolic compounds and ascorbic acid of Morinda citrifolia L. fruits were investigated as a function of maturity and three seasons patterns in Mexico. Maturity was evaluated in early, middle, sub-mature and mature stages (1 to 4) according to...
July 2013
Protein landmarks for diversity assessment in wheat genotypes
Grain proteins from 20 Indian wheat genotypes were evaluated for diversity assessment based seed storage protein profiling on sodium dodecylsulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Genetic diversity was evaluated using Nei’s index, Shannon index and Unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) cluster analysis by constructing dendrogram of fractions of proteins, which were used for...
July 2013
Comparison of in vitro morphogenetic capacities of different clones of three local cultivars of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) from Togo
Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) is an hexaploide plant with complex incompatibility that reduces chances of self-fertilization. In vitro culture of sweet potato by means of biotechnological approaches is an advantage for its study and variety improvement. Three sweet potato cultivars from Togo: Damadoami, Tombolo, Nagohé were grown on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with or without...
July 2013
Comparison of in vitro morphogenetic capacities of different clones of three local cultivars of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) from Togo
Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) is an hexaploide plant with complex incompatibility that reduces chances of self-fertilization. In vitro culture of sweet potato by means of biotechnological approaches is an advantage for its study and variety improvement. Three sweet potato cultivars from Togo: Damadoami, Tombolo, Nagohé were grown on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with or without...
July 2013
Comparative studies of starch susceptibilities to α-amylase degradation of different cereal and root crops of Nigeria
The objective of this work was to determine the susceptibilities of starches from Nigeria’s high yielding local varieties of cassava and maize crops to α-amylase. Amylose/amylpectin content of each starch samples was determined. Susceptibilities to α-amylase were studied. The amylose/amylopectin content of the four starch samples varied; amylose content of starch from maize varieties was higher than...
July 2013
Oxidative stress biomarkers and metabolic changes associated with cadmium stress in hyacinth bean (Lablab Purpureus)
Cadmium (Cd)-induced stress in hyacinth bean (Lablab purpureus) was investigated by growing seedlings in a nutrient solution containing increasing cadmium concentrations (0 to 50 μM), under strictly controlled growth conditions. Changes consequent to Cd uptake in growth parameters, enzyme activities and other stress response factors directly or indirectly are related to the cellular free radical scavenging systems....
July 2013
Impact of electromagnetic field on the pathogenicity of selected entomopathogenic bacteria (Proteus sp. and Bacillus sp.) on tick (Rhipicephalus decoloratus)
The effect of exposing entomopathogenic bacteria isolated from tick (Rhipicephalus decoloratus) to variable intensities of electromagnetic field for different periods of time was examined on their pathogenicity on tick. Some bacterial isolates from the macerate of tick cadavers were used in the infection of healthy engorged ticks. Two of the bacteria tested namely Proteus...
July 2013
Integrated management of Fusarium wilt of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris with microbial antagonist, botanical extract and fungicide
The present study was carried out to assess the efficacy of an integrated management strategy for Fusarium wilt of chickpea that combined the use of microbial antagonist, botanical extract and fungicide. Before setting the experiment in field micro plots, a series of in vitro and in vivo experiments were conducted to select a virulent isolate of F. oxysporum f. sp. ciceris, an...
July 2013
Alteration in serum biochemical parameters due to garlic (Allium sativum) supplementation in broilers’ diets
This study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of Allium sativum supplementation through drinking water and feed on some serum biochemical parameters of broiler chickens. For this purpose, a 42 day’s feeding trial was conducted in a completely randomized design (CRD) on growing broiler chicks. Garlic (Allium sativum) was supplemented at graded levels as juice (2.25 and 3%) through drinking...
July 2013
Neural prediction of cows’ milk yield according to environment temperature
Medium and maximum air temperatures around the milk cowsheds were measured and these empirical data were used to create a neural prediction model evaluating the cows’ milk yield under varying thermal conditions. We found out that artificial neural networks were an effective tool supporting the process of short-term milk yield forecasting. An analysis of sensitivity to input variables performed...
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