October 2013
Transgenic plants as green factories for vaccine production
Edible vaccine technology represents an alternative to fermentation based vaccine production system. Transgenic plants are used for the production of plant derived specific vaccines with native immunogenic properties stimulating both humoral and mucosal immune responses. Keeping in view the practical need of new technology for production and delivery of inexpensive vaccines, especially in developing world, plant derived...
October 2013
Anastomosis grouping and genetic diversity analysis of Rhizoctonia solani isolates causing wet root rot in chickpea
Rhizoctonia solani is considered as one of the most destructive soil-and-seed borne plant pathogens infecting various agricultural crops including chickpea. The 50 chickpea isolates of R. solani representing 10 different states of India were variable in hyphal anastomosis reactions and they were grouped into seven AGs as AG1, AG2-2, AG2-2LP, AG2-3, AG3, AG4 and AG5. Genetic diversity of the pathogen was determined by...
October 2013
Studies on morpho-physiological characters of different Avena species under stress conditions
Seven species of oat (Avena) were evaluated for their relative drought tolerance under soil moisture stress. The plant height, leaf area production and biomass yield reduced under soil moisture stress. Among the species tested, minimum reduction in height was recorded in Avena vaviloviana, Avena abyssinica and Avena sterilis at vegetative and flowering stages. Significant decrease in leaf area production was recorded at...
October 2013
Studies on cytotoxic, phytotoxic and volatile profile of the bark extract of the medicinal plant, Mallotus tetracoccus (Roxb.) Kurz.
This study was aimed at analysing the compounds present in the bark extract of Mallotus tetracoccus (Roxb.) Kurz. by GC-MS analysis and also to investigate the cytotoxic and phytotoxic activity of Mallotus tetracoccus (Roxb.) Kurz. bark extract. The major constituents in M. tetracoccus (Roxb.) Kurz. bark extract are thiocyanic acid and 2-propynyl ester (52.04%). It possesses biocidal, antioxidative, antimutagenic and...
October 2013
Phytoremediation of heavy metal contaminated soil using different plant species
A pot experiment was conducted to compare the plant biomass accumulation and heavy metal (HM) uptake by plant species grown in HM contaminated soils. The shoot dry weights of Eucalyptus camaldeulensis, Medicago sativum, and Brassica juncea grown in contaminated soils were reduced by 8, 5, and 3-fold, respectively, compared to the same plants grown in control soil. The Pb concentration in the shoots of M. sativum, E....
October 2013
Nutrient Enrichment of Pineapple Waste using Aspergillus niger and Trichoderma viride by Solid State Fermentation
The enrichment by microbial fermentation of agro industrial waste to alleviate their nutritional problems has been proposed but the nutritional value of the subsequent feed for animal consumption has not been fully elucidated. This study investigates whether solid state fermentation of pineapple waste using the fungi Aspergillus niger and Trichoderma viride could improve its nutrient content. Results show that...
October 2013
Effects of ethanol extract of Cissus quadrangularis on induced gastric ulcer in rats
Antiulcer activities of the ethanol extract of Cissus quadrangularis roots on indomethacin and ethanol-induced gastric ulcers were investigated. The results obtained show that the ulceration in gastric linings of the stomach of rats pre-treated with the C. quadrangularis extract before induction with ethanol and indomethacin decreased significantly when compared to the control. The protective effect of the extract...
October 2013
Measurement of β-glucan and other nutritional characteristics in distinct strains of Agaricus subrufescens mushrooms
β-Glucan is a polysaccharide with anticancer properties, and it is present in the mushroom Agaricus subrufescens. The aim of this study was to compare two analytical methods to quantify β-glucan in mushrooms and analyze the nutritional characteristics, the concentration of phenolic compounds and the mineral composition, for A. subrufescens strains. An enzymatic extraction was performed, and β-glucan was...
October 2013
Antioxidant properties of methanol extract of a new commercial gelatinous mushrooms (white variety of Auricularia fuscosuccinea) of Taiwan
White variety of Auricularia fuscosuccinea is a newly cultivated gelatinous mushrooms which is found only in Taiwan. In this study, total phenolic and total flavonoid content of methanol extract of white variety of A. fuscosuccinea was estimated, and in vitro antioxidant properties and antioxidant enzyme activities were also evaluated. When compared with two other common gelatinous mushrooms, A. polytricha and Tremella...
October 2013
Antimycotoxigenic and antifungal activities of Citrullus colocynthis seeds against Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus ochraceus contaminating wheat stored
Plant extracts and their constituents have a long history as antifungal agents, but their use in biotechnology as preservatives, due to the increasing resistance of fungi to fungicides, has been rarely reported. The aim of this study was to assess in vitro antifungal and antimycotoxigenic power of methanolic and aqueous extracts of Citrullus colocynthis seeds, an aromatic and medicinal plant, of Algerian flora, against...
October 2013
The beneficial effect of combined administration of vitamins C and E on renal function and selected parameters of antioxidant system in diabetic rats fed zinc-deficient diet
The aim of this study was to examine the progression of kidney damage induced by zinc deficiency in diabetic rats and to evaluate the effect of combined treatment of vitamin E and vitamin C in renal injury by providing protection against deleterious action of zinc deficiency. Female diabetic albino Wistar rats were randomly assigned into five groups. The first group received a diet containing a 54 mg zinc/kg...
October 2013
Biological activity of sugarcane pyroligneous acid against Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith, 1797) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) larvae
Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith, 1797) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) annually cause enormous loss to the producers and their combat has become a worldwide challenge mainly due to several reports of pesticides resistance. Today, one of the best alternatives used in this combat is the application of natural insecticides such as neem oil and pyroligneous acid. This study demonstrates a method to obtain a hexane fraction from...
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