February 2013
The potential for second generation bio-ethanol production from agro-industrial waste in South Africa
There has been a sustained and growing interest in the production of liquid fuel from biomass in recent years. South Africa is a large producer of sugar, maize and wheat among other agricultural products that release big quantities of biomass byproducts during postharvest processing operations. This work looks at the energy situation in South Africa and especially the liquid fuel sector and explores the...
February 2013
Vegetable oils as lube basestocks: A review
The depletion of the world’s crude oil reserve, increasing crude oil prices, and issues related to conservation have brought about renewed interest in the use of bio-based materials. Emphasis on the development of renewable, biodegradable, and environmentally friendly lubricants has resulted in the widespread use of natural oils and fats. Vegetable oils are promising candidates as base fluid for...
February 2013
Development of a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) marker for detection of the low phytic acid (lpa1-1) gene used during maize breeding
Breeding for low phytic acid (LPA) in maize is hampered by a tedious and destructive colorimetric assay in mature dry grain. There are no molecular markers available for the single recessive gene of lpa1-1, restricting breeding programmes. The aim of this study is to develop a molecular marker to identify the lpa1-1 gene at the early vegetative plant stage. The parental lines are temperate LPA...
February 2013
Molecular identification of Giardia lamblia isolates from adult human cases in southwest of Iran
Giardia lamblia is a flagellated protozoa that infects the intestinal tract of a wide range of mammalian hosts, including both wild and domestic animals as well as humans. Two genotypes A and B are commonly reported among humans. The purpose of this study was to investigate the genotypes of G. lamblia among adult infected cases in Ahvaz, southwest of Iran. Fecal samples were collected from 50...
February 2013
Genetic diversity and molecular characterization of physic nut genotypes from the active germplasm bank of the Agricultural Research Company of Minas Gerais, Brazil
The genetic diversity among 46 accessions of physic nut was estimated with Nei and Li’s similarity coefficient based on a collection of 69 random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) sequences and 37 inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) polymorphic loci. The genetic distance between accessions ranged from 0.13 to 0.76, with an average genetic distance of 0.21. The most divergent genotypes were 86, 71 and...
February 2013
Phylogenetic relationships of Chaetomium isolates based on the internal transcribed spacer region of the rRNA gene cluster
Molecular characterization of 18 Chaetomium isolates collected from India based on the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the rRNA gene sequences was done. Phylogenetic analysis of full length ITS region showed that Chaetomium globosumisolates, Cg1, Cg2, Cg6, Cg11 and Cg15, Chaetomium spp. isolates, C16, C17 and aChaetomium perlucidum isolate formed a group with American...
February 2013
Development, characterization and application of novel expressed sequence tag- simple sequence repeat (EST-SSR) markers in radish (Raphanus sativus L.)
In this study, 51,625 unique expressed sequence tag (ESTs) from a total of 289,621 radish ESTs in the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) database were used to search for simple sequence repeat (SSRs) by SSRLocate, and 2,917 SSRs in 2,891 ESTs were identified. The SSR marker motifs contained di-, tri-, tetra-, penta-, and hexa- nucleotide repeats, and the number was 945 (32.40%), 1,300...
February 2013
Effect of different concentrations of carbon source, salinity and gelling agent on in vitro growth of fig (Ficus carica L.)
Three in vitro experiments were conducted to study the effect of different concentrations of carbon source, salinity and gelling agent on number of new shoots, shoot length, fresh weight, and dry weight of fig (Ficus carica L.) to develop an efficient in vitro propagation method. The results show that there were no significant differences between the three carbon sources regarding...
February 2013
Microbial removal of weathered hydrocarbons by well adapted-bacteria
The effectiveness of bioremediation processes may be limited by the physical and chemical properties of the pollutant, such as availability, recalcitrance, concentration and weathering, among others. The aim of this work was to evaluate the removal of recalcitrant oil fractions (aliphatic-aromatic and asphaltenic fractions) from a weathered soil, by two bacteria adapted to a high concentration of oil...
February 2013
Screening of thermophilic neutral lipase-producing Pseudomonas sp. ZBC1 and improving its enzymatic activity
From oil-contaminated soil, three lipase-producing microorganisms were selected as good lipase producers using rhodamine B-olive oil plate agar and they were identified as from Pseudomonas, Burkholderia and Klebsiella genera by morphology, biochemical characterization and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Among the three strains, Pseudomonas sp. ZBC1 was found to produce...
February 2013
Screening of antimicrobial potential of in vitro calli and adult leaf extracts of Tylophora indica (Burm. f.) Merril
The analysis of leaf and in vitro calli extracts of Tylophora indica indicated qualitative difference in the phytochemical compounds. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of selected solvent extracts of the leaf ranged from 20 to 80 mg/ml. Ethanolic and methanolic extracts were effective in inhibiting most of the tested pathogens but the aqueous extract had poor inhibition. Both the...
February 2013
Repellency and fumigant toxicity of clove and sesame oils against American cockroach (Periplaneta americana (L.)
Repellency and fumigant toxicity of clove (Syzygium aromaticum) and sesame (Sesamum indicum) oils were investigated against American cockroach (Periplaneta americana (L.) in the laboratory of the Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah Province, Saudi Arabia at 25 ± 3°C and 75 ± 5% relative humidity. Both clove and sesame oils showed...
February 2013
Effects of dietary protein level on growth and body composition of mudfish, Heterobranchus longifilis fingerlings
Heterobranchus longifilis fingerlings of mean weight 1.648 g were stocked in plastic aquaria of 0.049 m3 at a rate of 10 fish per aquarium. Fish were fed with diets containing 30, 35 and 40% protein in triplicate for 10 weeks using fish meal as the main protein source. Growth of H. longifilis was significantly different (P < 0.05) among treatments with increasing dietary protein...
February 2013
Hybridization between Indian catfish, ♀Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch) and Asian catfish, Clarias batrachus ♂ (Linn.)
Success has been achieved in intergeneric hybridization between two air breathing catfishes by crossing Indian catfish, Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch) and Asian catfish, Clarias batrachus (Linn.) by in vitro fertilization technique. Four experimental trials were attempted and the highest fertilization (55.44%) and hatching (50.49%) rates were observed in the experiment IV....
February 2013
Seroprevalence of Neospora spp. in horses from Central Province of Saudi Arabia
From October 2010 to May 2011, blood samples were collected from 229 healthy horses from six different regions of the Central Province of Saudi Arabia. Sera were tested for Neospora spp. antibodies by a competitive inhibition enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and confirmed by an indirect fluorescent antibody test. 23 horses out of 229 (10%) reacted positively to Neospora...
February 2013
Correlation between serum esterase polymorphism and production performance of Yuxi fat-tailed sheep
The polymorphism of serum esterase (Es) of Henan Yuxi fat-tailed sheep was detected through polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE), and the correlation between serum esterase and productivity was analyzed. The research result indicated that there are two alleles on the Es loci of Henan Yuxi fat-tailed sheep: Es+ and Es-. The gene frequencies of Es+ and Es- were 0.55 and 0.45, respectively. Besides,...
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