July 2014
Genetic characterization of fin fish species from the Warri River at Ubeji, Niger Delta, Nigeria
A study to evaluate the genetic similarities and differences among 11 specimens of cichlids and four specimens of mudcatfishes obtained from Warri River was carried out through DNA fingerprinting analysis using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD)-PCR amplification with seven decamer primers and dendrograms through unweighted pair-group method with average (UPGMA) cluster analysis. The total number of bands generated...
July 2014
In vitro multiplication of banana (Musa sp.) cv. Grand Naine
A micropropagation method is described for banana (Musa Spp.) Cv. Grand Naine. Suckers were surface sterilized with HgCl2 (0.1%) for 6 min which gave minimum contamination with maximum culture establishment. Of various treatment combinations, Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium + BAP 4.00 mg/l with IAA 2.00 mg/l resulted in maximum establishment of cultures in lesser time. MS medium + BAP 4.00 mg/l + IAA 2.00 mg/l gave...
July 2014
Characterization of Medicago populations under cold acclimation by morphological traits and microsatellite (SSR) markers
The study was carried on 16 accessions of annual Medicago species (M. truncatula Gaertn. M. ciliaris Krocker., M. aculeata Wild. and M. polymorpha L.). Seedlings of different accessions collected from sites of contrasting altitudes (10 to 1170 m) were subjected to different durations of low temperature regimes. Root to shoot ratios of acclimated and non acclimated plants were compared. Among the 16 accessions studied,...
July 2014
Identification and characterization of acidity-tolerant and aluminum-resistant bacterium isolated from tea soil
An acidity-tolerant, aluminum resistant bacterium was isolated from tea soils in Kagoshima Experimental Station (Japan). Based on the morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics and 16S rDNA nucleotide sequence analysis, the bacterium was identified as Bacillus sp. An 3 (DQ234657) in Bacillus cereus group. The bacterium was able to grow on S-LB plates (pH 3.7) with 1.0 g/L Al and survived in LB broth...
July 2014
Antifouling potential of seaweed, sponge and cashew nut oil extracts against biofilm bacteria and green mussel Perna viridis from Vellar estuary, Southeast coast of India
Two species of common seaweeds and a single species of sponge were collected from Tuticorin coast and screened for antifouling activity. The seaweeds, Sargassum wightii, Ulva lactuca; sponge Desmopsongiae sp., and cashew nut oil extracts were tested in vitro against ten marine fouling bacteria isolated from test panels and the green mussel Perna viridis. The biofilm bacteria growth was inhibited by methanol extracts of...
July 2014
High production of fructooligosaccharides by levansucrase from Bacillus subtilis natto CCT 7712
Fructooligosaccharides (FOSs) are fructose oligomers known as prebiotics that beneficially affect the host by selectively stimulating the growth and/or activity of one or a limited number of bacteria in the colon, and thus improving host’s health. FOS can be produced by the action of fructosyltranferases from microorganisms, including the Bacillus subtilis natto. The objective of the present study was applying...
July 2014
Response surface method to optimize the low cost medium for protease production using anchovy meal from ascidian associated Bacillus sp. GA CAS10
A protease producing Bacillus sp. GA CAS10 was isolated from ascidian Phallusia arabica, Tuticorin, Southeast coast of India. Response surface methodology was employed for the optimization of different nutritional and physical factors for the production of protease. Plackett-Burman method was applied to identify important factors (anchovy waste, KH2PO4, NaCl and temperature) influencing protease production. Further...
July 2014
Evaluation of hypoglycaemic activity of ethanol extract of Gongronema latifolium (Asclepiadaceae) leaves
The mechanism of anti-diabetic activity of Gongronema latifolium was evaluated. The ethanol extract of the leaves of G. latifolium were fractionated using solvents of increasing polarity, namely n-hexane, chloroform, ethylacetate and ethanol. Phytochemical screening of the dried fractions were carried and then acute toxicity tests on mice carried out. The induction of diabetes mellitus was achieved with 150 mg/kg b.w...
July 2014
Anti-ulcer and gastric anti-secretory activities of seed extract of Buchholzia coriacea in Wistar Albino rats
Ethanol extract of Buchholzia coriacea seed was evaluated for anti-ulcer as well as anti-secretory activity in rats because of its use in Nigerian folk medicine as an anti-ulcer agent. Standard pharmacological methods were used to carry out phytochemical analysis of the plant. Quantitative phytochemical analysis of the ethanol extract of B. coriacea revealed the presence of alkaloids (101.88 ± 0.11 mg/100 g),...
July 2014
Selection of inoculum size and Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain for ethanol production in simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) of sugar cane bagasse
The aim of this work was to select an inoculum concentration and a Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain for ethanol production in the simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) of sugar cane bagasse. Three concentrations of inoculum (0.4, 4.0 and 8.0 g/L) and two strains of S. cerevisiae (UFPEDA 1238 and UFPEDA 1334) were used to ferment a culture medium containing glucose as the carbon source (100 g/L). Ethanol...
July 2014
Development of a novel real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay by amplification of double target genes for quantitative detection of Mycoplasma gallisepticum
Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) is the most pathogenic and economically significant pathogen in poultry worldwide. Detection of MG is the first and important step for controlling its transmission. A novel real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay targeting two conservative genes was developed and evaluated carefully in the study. The 16S rRNA and fMG-2 gene fragments were cloned into PCR 2.1 vectors, and recombinant...
July 2014
Melanoides tuberculata as intermediate host of Centrocestus formosanus (Nishigori, 1924) in Tunisia
Melanoides tuberculata that naturally harbored trematode larvae were collected at the irrigation system in Ain Soltan’s oasis (southwest of Tunisia), during malacological surveys conducted from January to December 2013. From 2160 specimens of M. tuberculata collected, 31 (1.4%) were infected by the cercariae of Centrocestus formosanus (Digenea: Heterophyidae). The parasite was present in snails larger than 19 mm....
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