September 2007
Water stress induces overexpression of superoxide dismutases that contribute to the protection of cowpea plants against oxidative stress
Water stress is known to induce active oxygen species in plants. The accumulation of these harmful species must be prevented by plants as rapidly as possible to maintain growth and productivity. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of water stress on superoxide dismutase isozymes (SOD, EC 1.15.1.1.) in two cowpea cultivars [Vigna unguiculata L. Walp., cv. Bambey 21 (B21) and cv....
September 2007
Analysis of genetic variation in different banana (Musa species) variety using random amplified polymorphic DNAs (RAPDs)
The banana (Musa acuminata Colla) is considered as an important crop plant due to its high economic value as good dietary source. Here, we analyze the genetic relationship of four different banana varieties that are cultivated in south India. Random amplified polymorphic DNAs (RAPDs) fingerprinting of these banana varieties (Grand Naine, Red Banana, Nendran and Rasthali) carried out by three primers...
September 2007
Anaerobic digestion of fungally pre-treated wine distillery wastewater
The combination of fungal pre-treatment with Trametes pubescens and anaerobic digestion were tested for the removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and phenolic compounds from wine distillery wastewater. The COD removal efficiency after fungal pre-treatment reached 53.3%. During digestion, pH buffering was achieved using CaCO3 and K2HPO4. This provided a stable environment inside digester for...
September 2007
Solubilisation of sludge by combined chemical and enzymatic treatment
In this study, the effects of cation-binding agents used alone and/or in combination with enzymes on solubilisation of municipal sludge and structure changes were investigated. Formic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, EDTA, sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP), Zeolite A, sodium fluoride, sodium thiosulphate or sodium silicate were added to both biological and digested sludges. Citric acid (50 mmol/l) released the...
September 2007
Application of extracts from the poisonous plant, Nerium Oleander L., as a wood preservative
The antifungal properties of poisonous plant extracts from oleanders (Nerium oleanderL.) were determined when used as a wood preservative. The extract was prepared from oleanders leaves and flowers in 96% ethyl alcohol. The wood blocks of Turkish oriental beech (Fagus orientalis L.) and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) were impregnated with the extracts. The abilities of the...
September 2007
Mulching an Arenic hapludult at Umudike: Effects on saturated hydraulic conductivity and rhizome yield of turmeric
A study was carried out over two cropping seasons on an Arenic Hapludult at Umudike, southeastern Nigeria, to investigate and determine the quantity and type of mulch material that would optimize the rhizome yield of turmeric (Curcuma longa Linn) and improve the saturated hydraulic conductivity of the soil. The turmeric was planted at two depths; 5 and 10 cm. Two types of mulch, straw (elephant grass)...
September 2007
Association of polymorphisms in avian apoVLDL-II gene with body weight and abdominal fat weight
To investigate the association of avian apoVLDL-II gene polymorphism with body weight and fat, exactly 120 genetically fat (Anka) and lean (Rugao) chicken reared under the same environment and management were selected. Blood samples from the respective populations were taken for DNA extraction, and then slaughter for fat determination. Polymorphism was detected by PCR-RFLP and PCR-SSCP techniques. Gene...
September 2007
Molecular profiling of an interspecific rice population derived from a cross between WAB 56-104 (Oryza sativa) and CG 14 (Oryza glaberrima)
NERICA rices are interspecific inbred progeny derived from crosses between Oryza sativa x O. glaberrima. In this study, we evaluated 70 BC2 interspecific lines, developed by crossing a tropical japonica variety (WAB 56-104) as the recurrent parent to an O. glaberrima variety (CG 14) as the donor parent, followed by the use of anther culture to derive...
September 2007
Correlation between maternal and cord blood leptin and fetal growth
Leptin is a protein secreted mainly by the adipocyte in proportion to fat mass. The serum leptin concentration reflects the amount of adipose tissue in the body and has potential role on the fat deposition in the fetus. In the present study, we investigated whether umbilical and maternal serum leptin concentrations correlate with fetal growth. In addition, we determined the relationship between leptin...
September 2007
Comparing mannose binding lectin genetic diversity in intracellular and extracellular pathogens
One of the important immunological factors in diseases is mannose binding lectin(MBL). The aim of present study is to determine the distribution of the alleles of mannose-binding lectin gene codon 52, 54, 57 and promoter variants H/L, X/Y, P and Q in confirmed VL patients as an intracellular pathogen while compares with extracellular pathogens (in renal infection) and seek correlation between these...
September 2007
Optimization of ethanol production from Garcinia kola (bitter kola) pulp agrowaste
Optimization options for production of ethanol from bitter kola (Garcinia kola) pulp wastes were investigated. The methods are degumming, saccharification, acid hydrolysis, alkaline hydrolysis. Degumming was effectively achieved at 96 h of saccaharification. The concentration of reducing sugar for the treated sample (acid hydrolysed and saccharification) and control sample (saccharification)...
September 2007
Bacteriological analysis of Periplaneta americana L. (Dictyoptera; Blattidae) and Musca domestica L. (Diptera; Muscidae) in ten districts of Tangier, Morocco
In this study, Periplaneta americana and Musca domestica were collected from ten districts in Tangier, to isolate and identify some bacteria from their body using selective media. The results indicate that the amounts of bacteria were different between the districts. Moreover, the bacteria isolated from body of American cockroaches differed from those of the houseflies. These findings show...
September 2007
Bioencapsulation strategy and highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA) enrichment in Artemia franciscana nauplii by using marine trash fish Odonus niger liver oil
To investigate the maximum accumulation of highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA) inArtemia franciscana nauplii through bioencapsulation process, five different concentrations (0 - 4%) of emulsified Odonus niger liver oil were prepared. The prepared emulsions were used to enrich A. franciscana at different time intervals of 6, 12, 18 and 24 h. After the enrichment period, the...
September 2007
Status of cocoa swollen shoot virus disease in Nigeria
Cocoa Swollen Shoot Virus Disease (CSSVD) is one of the major diseases affecting cocoa production in West Africa, especially Ghana. The lack of any published article on the continued presence or absence of this viral disease has necessitated this investigation. Cocoa leaf samples from plants showing symptoms of leaf chlorosis, interveinal chlorosis with mottling and swollen shoot were collected from...
September 2007
Rearing the house fly predator Carcinops pumilio (Erichson) (Coleoptera: Histeridae) using eggs and larvae of Drosophila melanogaster (Meigen) (Diptera: Drosophilidae) as prey
A method was successfully developed for rearing the predatory beetle Carcinops pumilio Erichson (Coleoptera: Histeridae) on the eggs and larvae of Drosophila melanogaster (Meigen) (Diptera: Drosophilidae) in the laboratory. This technology would be useful in mass rearing C. pumilio in biological control programs against house flies. Key words: Carcinops...
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