Abstract

The study of colonization of microbial flora in neonate is very important and finding the causative agent may lead to explore these infections in neonate. In this research the colonization in neonate was measured at the beginning and a few hours after birth. Sampling was performed in operating room, rooming in and nursery section. Some of the neonates deliver by rapture of membrane in normal way and the other deliver by caesarean section. All the samples which are collected were from these sites: 1) Forehead 2) Oral cavity 3) External ear 4) Auxiliary region 5) Umbilical region 6) Perennial region. Also we had some sampling from health care personnel who are worked in operating room or nursery section. At the time of sampling we used sterile gloves, mask and always sterile sets. Sampling was done by use of sterile swabs which were weltering by sterile phosphate buffer or sterile normal saline .Then this sterile swab scrubbed on the special surface of the body of neonate and directly transferred to BA plate, Mac agar plate, EMB agar plate and Sc agar plate and then streaked on these plates. The regions which were sampled ,numbered by 1 to 6 then in other hours once more the sampling were took place from the same site, therefore we began from number 7 to 12 and according to this method  for example sampling from neonate A was showed by A₁ to A_12. The prevalent microorganisms in oral cavity were as follow: 63.5% GPC, 18.5% GPB and 11% GNC.Staphylococcus epidermidis was the major microorganism found in neonate forehead. No bacteria growth was found in 50% of samples through caesarean section.Staphylococcus and Diphtheroied constitute the highest colonization of neonate skin's microorganisms and their growth rates were low at the onset of the birth, but increased after 12 hours. Colonization of gram-negative bacteria in infant hours after birth considered to be an important issue that was studied in this research. Hence hand washing of health-care personnel’s can reduce such bacteria in infant. There was a significant decrease in (GNB) number due to hand washing, hence application of disinfectant solution in hand washing play an important role in controlling microorganisms in care unites.

Key words: Colonization, GPC (Gram- positive cocci), GPB (Gram-positive bacilli), GNC (Gram- negative cocci), GNB (Gram- negative bacilli), Microorganism.