March 2012
Soil electerokinetic remediation and its effects on soil microbial activity- A review
Over the years, the persistence of heavy metals in the nature associated with their intensive use by modern society has caused metal accumulation in the biosphere and adverse effects on food quality, soil health and the environment. In response to these negative effects, there has been an ongoing development of variety of technologies to treat the contaminated soils with heavy metals. Electrokinetics provides a physical...
March 2012
Evaluation of different selective media for enumeration of probiotic micro-organisms in combination with yogurt starter cultures in fermented milk
The aim of this study was to assess selective plating methodologies for the enumeration and identification of Streptococcus thermophilus, Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp.bulgaricus, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. lactis in fermented milks. Seven agar media (MRS with added sorbitol, clindamycin or vancomycin, acidified...
March 2012
Size effect of gold nanoparticles on various trace elements levels in different tissues of rats
Despite the many benefits of nanotechnology, some studies have indicated that nanoparticles (NPs) may cause adverse effects, which may be attributed to size, shape, particles number, surface area and unique properties. Very little information exists on gold nanoparticles (GNPs) toxicity in vivo and other biochemical effects. The aim of the present study was to elucidate the size effect of GNPs on various...
March 2012
Fas ligand (FasL) and Fas-associated death domain (FADD) were elevated in decidual stromal and glandular epithelial cells in spontaneous early miscarriage women
Despite the many benefits of nanotechnology, some studies have indicated that nanoparticles (NPs) may cause adverse effects, which may be attributed to size, shape, particles number, surface area and unique properties. Very little information exists on gold nanoparticles (GNPs) toxicity in vivo and other biochemical effects. The aim of the present study was to elucidate the size effect of GNPs on various...
March 2012
Isolation and characterization of a denitrifying Acinetobacter baumannii H1 using NO2--N as nitrogen source from shrimp farming ponds
Recent studies have revealed that the use of denitrifying bacteria is an alternative to eliminate nitrite accumulation in the wastewaters. However, no information is available about Acinetobacter species as a denitrifying agent for reducing nitrite in aquaculture. In the present study, a potential denitrifying strain H1 was isolated from shrimp farming ponds using nitrite as nitrogen source, which displayed...
March 2012
Distribution and bioactive potential of soil actinomycetes from different ecological habitats
Emergence of drug resistance among pathogenic bacteria to currently available antibiotics has intensified the search for novel bioactive compounds from unexplored habitats. In the present study actinomycetes were isolated from two relatively unexplored and widely differing habitats such as mountain and wetlands and their ability to produce antibacterial substances were analyzed. Pure cultures of actinomycetes were...
March 2012
Reuses of syringes: A social crime related to health care waste management
Reuse of used syringes due to improper disposal is a common practice especially in the developing countries, including Pakistan. Major aim of the study was to assess the level of knowledge of students towards reuse of used syringes, their improper disposal and the resulting blood borne infections due to such wrong practices. A total of 40 students were selected for the study. A questionnaire was circulated among the...
March 2012
Root colonization and association of phosphate- solubilizing bacteria at various levels of triple supper phosphate in aerobic rice seedlings
Phosphate-soubilizing bacteria (PSB) have the ability to solubilize substantial amount of insoluble phosphorus from native soil. An experiment was conducted in vitro condition at Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia, to study the effect of different doses of triple supper phosphate (0, 30 and 60 kg P2O5 ha-1) on colonization and association of two Bacillusspp. (PSB9 and PSB16 strains) in aerobic rice...
March 2012
Determining the best management of nitrogen fertilizer consumption and harvest time of forage yield of pearl millet (Pennisetum glacum) in Shirvan region
In order to determine the best management of nitrogen fertilizer application and harvest time of forage yield of pearl millet, a field experiment carried out in the Agriculture Researches Center of Shirvan, Iran during 2007 growing season. The experiment was conducted in split plot as complete randomized block design with four replications. The treatment comprised five levels of nitrogen fertilizer as Urea (0, 80, 160,...
March 2012
Investigation of inducible clindamycin resistance among clinical isolates of staphylococci
The aim of this study was to investigate the inducible clindamycin resistance in 306 strains of staphylococci, isolated from various clinical samples over a period of two years. Inducible clindamycin resistance was investigated by D-test using clindamycin and erythromycin discs as per the CLSI guidelines. Out of 177 Staphylococcus aureus strains 53 (17.3%) were methicilline resistant S. aureus (MRSA)...
March 2012
In vitro and intracellular antimycobacterial activity of a Bacillus pumilus strain
Despite the declaration of tuberculosis (TB) as a global emergency by the world health organization (WHO) about 20 years ago, the worldwide problem of this disease has worsened due to increased drug resistance of tuberculosis bacilli and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) pandemic. Consequently, fight against multidrug and extensively drug-resistant TB is a high priority for public health and research. The...
March 2012
Antimicrobial screening of tropical microfungi isolated from sinkholes located in the Yucatán peninsula, México
Fungal explorations of two freshwater sinkholes led to isolate 96 strains which were identified to species or genus level (54%). All isolates were cultured on fermented rice, and their respective ethyl acetate extracts that were tested against Alternaria tagetica, Bacillus subtilis, Candida albicans, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Erwinia carotovora,Fusarium oxysporum, Staphylococcus...
March 2012
Morphological, pathogenicity and virulence characterization of Sphaceloma ampelinum the causal agent of grape anthracnose in Thailand
Grape anthracnose caused by Sphaceloma ampelinum is one of the most common fungal disease of grape in Thailand. The objective of this study was to examine the morphological diversity among Sphaceloma isolates from grapes and compare their pathogenicity and virulence on a susceptible grape cultivar. 24 isolates of Sphacelomawere isolated from diseased grape samples collected from different...
March 2012
Bacillus cereus X5 suppresses root-knot nematode of tomato by colonizing in roots and soil
Bacillus cereus X5 was isolated and identified and combined with organic fertilizer to prepare bio-organic fertilizer (BOF) and test its suppressive ability against root-knot nematodes. The results from a pot experiment showed that BOF could significantly decrease the number of galls of tomato roots compared to the control and the suppressive efficiency reached 63.1%. By labeling the B. cereus X5...
March 2012
The seasonal dynamics of soil microbial biomass of a Larix gmelinii forest after wildfire
Projected changes in the earth’s climate have spawned a rush to better understand the global carbon cycle. Understanding the dynamics of soil microbial biomass carbon is important but poorly understood aspect of this cycle. In particular, fires can dramatically alter microbial communities and therefore soil carbon cycles. We took soil samples fromLarix gmelinii forests that were burned in two different years...
March 2012
Density functional theory (DFT) outlook of biological active site junction to single walled carbon nano tube
The α-amylases are required for the break of starch into oligosaccharides. Because starch has the most solubility at high temperatures, thermo stable α-amylase play a key role in industrial hydrolysis. The temperature effects on not only the enzyme structure, but also enzyme activity. The bacillus licheniformis itself is not a thermopile but it contains a rather thermo stable α-amylase that...
March 2012
Total coliforms and data mining as a tool in water quality monitoring
Total coliforms, as a microbiological indicator of water quality, have been tested on the basis of condition, dynamics, as well as on the dependence on other physicochemical and biological parameters, by methods and models of data mining. Using a combination of intelligent approaches, cluster analysis and classification, total coliforms have been analyzed and modeled on the examples of the Gruža...
March 2012
Improvement and optimization of the media of Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain for high tolerance and high yield of ethanol
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, ATCC 76740 was mutated after treatment with diethyl sulfate (DES) in the paper. Successive mutants showed high tolerance against both higher concentrations of ethanol and furfural and higher temperature. In addition, the mutant 4D-6 showed 2.2 fold in ethanol yield to the wild type at 37°C in shake culture. Furthermore, in order to improve the ethanol production of 4D-6, the sequential...
March 2012
Biodegradation of used motor oil by Nostoc piscinale TISTR 8401
This study was carried out to evaluate the potential of Nostoc piscinale TISTR 8401 in the biodegradation of used motor oil. Experiments were performed by incubating cyanobacteria in liquid N-free medium amended with 0-15% used motor oil for a period of 14 weeks. It was found that the cyanobacteria performed the best in the biodegradation of used motor oil when 3% oil was applied. Net percentage loss of total...
March 2012
Purification and characterization of collagenase from Bacillus licheniformis F11.4
The extracellular collagenase, produced by Bacillus licheniformis F11.4, was purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation followed by DEAE Sephadex A-50. The purified collagenase showed a 26.3-fold increase in specific activity being 1.0 U/mg and 2.6% recovery. The collagenase has an apparent molecular weight of 124 and 26 kD as analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and...
March 2012
Effect of disinfectants on biofilm development by five species of Candida
Candida biofilms have become an increasingly significant clinical problem for hospital-acquired and device-associated infections due to their increased levels of resistance to the antifungals and disinfectants. This study examines the biofilm formation of fiveCandida isolates (Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, Candida parapsilosis, Candida krusei and Candida tropicalis), using the...
March 2012
Thermophilic xylanase production by Aspergillus niger in solid state fermentation using wheat straw and corn cob
The screening of thermophilic xylanase production strains was vital worth to enlarge their application range. A thermophilic xylanase production strain was screened from 11Aspergillus niger strains which were kept in lab. Its optimal pH value and temperature for its activity were 5.0 and 55°C, respectively. The range of pH stability was wide, and it was stable at pH range of 3.0 to 9.0. Its thermal stability...
March 2012
Identification of diesel-tolerant rhizobacteria of Scirpus mucronatus
In this study, rhizobacteria were isolated from the roots of Scirpus mucronatus grown in diesel-contaminated soil. In a range finding test, microorganisms were isolated from soils contaminated with diesel in concentrations of 0, 10, 20, 100, and 200 g/kg. The number of colonies isolated was 38. After morphological and chemical tests, the number of bacteria colonies...
March 2012
Optimization of medium composition for extra cellular alginate lyases of a marine bacterium
Amani M. D. ElAhwany and Aliaa M. Elborai
March 2012
Isolation and characterization of receptor-like protein kinase WELP1 in wheat
A cDNA clone for a receptor-like protein kinase gene (WELP1) was obtained from wheat. The clone is 3286 bp long with an open reading frame of 2734 bp long encoding a 977 amino acids containing single peptide. This deduced peptide contains four distinctive domains characteristic of receptor kinases: (1) a putative amino terminal signal sequence domain; (2) a domain with eighteen extracellular leucine-rich repeat...
March 2012
Diversity of culturable moderately halophilic and halotolerant bacteria in a marsh and two salterns a protected ecosystem of Lower Loukkos (Morocco)
To study the biodiversity of halophilic bacteria in a protected wetland located in Loukkos (Northwest, Morocco), a total of 124 strains were recovered from sediment samples from a marsh and salterns. 120 isolates (98%) were found to be moderately halophilic bacteria; growing in salt ranges of 0.5 to 20%. Of 124 isolates, 102 were Gram-positive while 22 were Gram- negative. All isolates...
March 2012
Efficiency of the entomopathogenic fungus Verticillium lecanii in the biological control of Trialeurodes vaporariorum, (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae), a greenhouse culture pest
Our investigation in the region of Jijel revealed that whiteflies are the predominant greenhouses pests; they are polyphagous, moreover, some species can transmit many plant viruses. The treatment method is based on the systematic use of insecticides that have side effects on both the consumer and the farmer. The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of biological control in situ and in...
March 2012
Malassezia pachydermatis in dogs with external otitis from Monterrey, Nuevo León, México
A total number of 125 dogs were sampled, which were taken from the external canal of the left and right ear (n=250 ears), of which 180 were positive to Malassezia pachydermatis, representing 72% (180/250) and 70 negatives or 28% (70/250). Parameters considered for this study were: kind of ear, length of hair and size of the animal. Samples were taken using sterile cotton swaps. Samples were cultured in potato...
March 2012
Antibacterial and synergistic effects of Kochia scoparia extracts against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is serious clinical urgent problems worldwide. Few new drugs are available against methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), because MRSA has the ability to acquire resistance to most antibiotics, which consequently increases the cost of medication. In the present study, the antibacterial activity of Kochia scoparia was investigated. The...
March 2012
Ferric – Saccharate capsulation with alginate coating using the emulsification method
The iron deficiency is one of the most frequent deficiency diseases which occurs in most developing countries and is also the main deficiency disease in industrial countries. Iron fortification of certain food products is one way to prevent the occurrence of iron deficiency. Iron encapsulation and adding it to the food ingredients is one approach of food ingredients fortification with iron which is performed applying...
March 2012
Bacteriological analysis of borehole water from different towns in Ogun State, Nigeria
Samples of borehole water were collected from Iperu, Ilishan, Sagamu, Ogere, Ilara, Ikenne, Irolu, Ode-remo and Babcock community, all in Ogun state. They were analyzed microbiologically using pour plate technique for total viable counts and tube fermentation technique for Most Probable Number (MPN) counts. Thirteen samples were positive for coliforms while remaining five were non-coliforms. Three samples...
March 2012
Diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in continuous cropping soils used for pepper production
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) play vital roles in plant productivity in agroecosystems. The objective of this paper was to study the diversity of AMF in root zone soils of pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). Spores of AMF, pH value, nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K) and organic matter contents were analyzed for soil samples from greenhouses in Shandong Province with 5, 10, and 15 years of continuous pepper...
March 2012
Prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections among food handlers in Khuzestan, Southwest of Iran: A 10-year retrospective study
Intestinal parasitic infections (IPIs) are widely distributed throughout the world, especially in developing countries. Mortality and morbidity rates of these infections are significant. Infections are mainly transmitted via ingestion of water, soil or food contaminated by faeces containing the cysts and ova of protozoans and helminthes, respectively. In many cases, clinical features of the infections remain...
March 2012
Effect of exercise training intensity on body composition, lipid profile, and insulin resistance in young obese women
To study the effect of two individual training intensities on total fat, waist circumference (WC), lipid parameters, and insulin-resistance among obese women were used. Thirty one obese women underwent 12 weeks of aerobic training. The training intensity was established according to the maximal heart-rate reserve (HRR). They were randomly assigned to one of three groups: a moderate intensity training...
March 2012
Effects of microbial manure on growth and physiological characteristics to kidney bean
Microbial manure is a new kind of auxiliary fertilizer which can improve crops' nutritional conditions and control harmful microbial activity. It can also improve the micro-ecosystem of the soil and protect environment remarkably. The paper takes kidney bean as test objects to compare and analyze different physiological data in different period by control tests using potting and small field test. As a result,...
March 2012
Fusarium solani, P1, a new endophytic podophyllotoxin-producing fungus from roots of Podophyllum hexandrum
Podophyllotoxin, a well-known naturally occurring aryl tetralin lignan produced by few plant species is used as precursor for the chemical synthesis of the anticancer drugs like etoposide, teniposide and etopophos phosphate. The availability of this lignan is limited due to the scarce occurrence of its natural sources. Further, synthetic approaches for its production are still commercially unacceptable. This paper...
March 2012
Adoption of soil protection technologies in Iran
Agricultural experts in the Semnan Province in Iran were surveyed in order to explore their perception about the factors influencing the adoption of soil protection technologies by farmers. The total population for this study was 80 experts in the Department of Agriculture in Semnan Province. The data were collected by interviewing the respondents and analyzed by using correlation between the independent...
March 2012
Fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-21 regulates glucose uptake through GLUT1 translocation
Fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-21 recently has been identified as a potent glucose regulator with potential to become a therapeutic approach for treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, the mechanism of glucose regulation by the molecule is not fully understood. The objective of this paper was to determine the effects of FGF-21 on glucose uptake and its molecular mechanism. In this study, 3T3-L1 adipocytes and...
March 2012
Seroprevalence of brucellosis in sheep in the Aksu Region of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, People’s Republic of China, between 1990 and 2010
Seroprevalence of brucellosis infection in sheep between 1990 and 2010 in the Aksu Region, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, People’s Republic of China was determined by Rose Bengal Precipitation Test of Brucellosis (RBPT). The sera samples were analyzed according to region, husbandry practice, sex, and age. A total of 208,438 sheep were tested, with overall brucellosis seroprevalence of...
March 2012
In vitro assessment of chromosomal aberrations of cultured human peripheral blood lymphocyte following antiviral drug models exposure
Ribavirin and acyclovir are two wide spectrum antiviral drugs. The present work aimed to draw attentions toward the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of antiviral drugs. Also, it aimed to evaluate the cytogenetic/genotoxicity relatively to dose concentration (low, therapeutic, and high). Cytotoxicity of test antiviral drugs was carried out using human lymphocytes and macrophages. Ribavirin and Acyclovir were tested (low...
March 2012
Use of a new seminested PCR combined with enzymatic digestion analysis for detection and differentiation of Legionella species and Legionella pneumophila in environmental water and sputum samples
A new seminested PCR combined with enzymatic digestion analysis method was developed for detection and differentiation of Legionella spp. and Legionella pneumophilain environmental water and sputum samples. The seminested PCR was a novel target for all Legionella testing; it detected 42 Legionella spp. and 12 other bacterial species without the cross-reactivity, and detected 1 fg...
March 2012
Effect of the N-acetylcysteine and selenium on healing of experimental maxillary sinusitis caused by Staphylococcus aureus
The purpose of this controlled-randomised study was aimed to test the antioxidative effect of the N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and selenium on healing of Staphylococcus aureussinusitis. After experimental sinusitis, 30 New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into three groups; group A was treated with Ampicillin/sulbactam and physiological saline. Group B and C were treated with NAC and...
March 2012
Hemostatic efficacy of human-like collagen sponge in arterioles and liver injury model
In this study, human-like collagen sponge (HLCS) was prepared by cross linking with 1-(3-Dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC). Setting Double Diamondâ—‹R Collagen Sponge (DDCS) as the control group, arterioles and liver injury model was made to compare the hemostatic efficacy and biocompatibility of HLCS. In rabbit ear central artery injury hemostatic test, the complete hemostasis time of...
March 2012
Randomly amplified polymorphic deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) analysis of Candida albicans isolates from clinical sources of hospital in south China
To genotype clinical Candida albicans isolates by randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) method, this paper study molecular epidemiology of Candida albicans infection and discuss possible relationship between RAPD patterns and antifungal test results. 30C. albicans isolates with corresponding patient’s information and antifungal drug susceptibility test results were collected. All the...
March 2012
Microbial profiling of dental caries and periodontitis patients using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis
Oral cavity contains a diverse group of microorganisms which changes from normal to diseased condition like dental caries and periodontitis. It i’s hard to depict the complete picture of microbial environment as some species are uncultivable. In this study we detected the microbial diversity of normal,, dental caries and periodontal group by using culture independent PCR based denaturing gradient...
March 2012
Enzymatic activity and some molecular properties of Trichosporon mycotoxinivorans yeast and their effects on liver function in mice
In this research work, the biochemical characteristics were evaluated based on the ability of Trichosporon mycotoxinivorans to produce 19 enzymes in growth medium, effects of the yeast on activity of liver enzymes in mice blood plasma (Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST)) were estimated and histopathology of liver tissue...
March 2012
Antibacterial activity of crude extracts of cyanobacteria Phormidium and Microcoleus species
Cyanobacteria is a group of prokaryotic organisms that occurred originally in the world. Thailand is well known as an area of a high biological diversity. In our study, eighteen cyanobacteria from the natural area were isolated and screened for their antibacterial activities. Of these, two isolated cyanobacteria (NCI1 and NCI4) with positive antibacterial activities were identified by their morphology and 16S rRNA...
March 2012
Experimental endometriosis reduction in rats treated with pioglitazone
The objective of this paper was to assess the effectiveness of the pioglitazone on endometriosis in rats. The study was performed on 24 Wistar rats. Endometriosis induction was performed in 24 rats, which were divided into three groups: group I (model group); and group II, the treatment group, comprising the other 12 rats. After 3 months, pioglitazone was performed in all animals. Pioglitazone treatment seems to be...
March 2012
The anti-leech effect of Peganum harmala L. extract and some anti-parasite drugs on Limnatis nilotica
This experimental trial was designed to evaluate the anti-leech effect of methanolic extract of Peganum harmala L. plant as well as niclosamide, albendasole, pyrvinium, furazolidone and sulfadimidine. In an experimental study the methanolic extract of Peganum harmala L. aerial parts was prepared by maceration method and the amount of total phenolic compounds was determined colorimetrically using the...
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