June 2010
Avian flu (H5N1): threat of 'global pandemic' is growing and it’s impact on the developing countries’ economy
When something appears to be public health issues, there is a razor-thin line between appropriate caution and over compensatory alarm. Such is the case with avian influenza, more commonly known as avain flu (H5N1). Since the potential threat of global pandemic of avain flu (H5N1) is growing and the developing countries’ economy is affected to a small extent, now it is the high time to formulate...
June 2010
Urinary tract infection among female students residing in the campus of the University of Ado Ekiti, Nigeria
Seven hundred and eighty (780) female students residing in the campus of the University of Ado Ekiti were examined for significant bacteria indicative of urinary tract infections. Analysis of their clean-voided, midstream urine revealed that 507 (65%) female students have significant bacteria, 146 (18.75%) indicated insignificant bacteria while 127 (16.25%) showed no growth. Fifty eight (58) bacterial...
June 2010
Molecular prevalence for Bovine immunodeficiency virus infection in Iranian cattle population
Bovine immunodeficiency virus (BIV), a member of the family Retroviridae, is an infectious pathogenic lentivirus in cattle. Although, BIV induced cattle infections are reported in several countries of the world, its prevalence in Iran is not clearly known. In this investigation, we report the detection of proviral DNA sequence of BIV in 300 blood samples of cattle by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using...
June 2010
Prevalence of extended-spectrum b-Lactamases producing Aeromonas hydrophila isolated from stool samples collected in the Limpopo province, South Africa
Aeromonas producing extended-spectrum ß-lactamases (ESBLs) have been reported in many countries, but there is no information on the prevalence of ESBL-producing clinical Aeromonas in South African. A total of 230 isolates of Aeromonas hydrophila were isolated from 660 stool samples and 709 water samples collected in different municipalities in Limpopo province, South Africa over a...
June 2010
Comparative susceptibility of in vitro biofilm and planktonic cells of Staphylococcus aureus to antimicrobials
This study evaluated the effect of frequently used veterinary wound antimicrobials for their efficacy in killing mature in vitro Staphylococcus aureus biofilms and inhibiting planktonic cells. The predictiveness of the minimum biofilm eradication concentration (MBEC) assay as a tool for antibiotic susceptibility testing was also assessed. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and MBEC of tetracycline,...
June 2010
Occurrence and pathogenicity of various pathogenic fungi on cucurbits from Kermanshah province, Iran
Cucurbits (Cucurbitaceae) are among the important plant families providing edible products to humans worldwide. It is known fact that various pathogenic fungi can attack the plants and cause diseases and resultantly yield losses. The aim of this study was to isolate and identify the plant pathogenic fungi from cucurbit plants and to evaluate their pathogenicity on...
June 2010
Characterization and pathogenic evaluation of Bacillus thuringiensis isolates from West Azerbaijan province-Iran
In order to find native strains of Bacillus thuringiensis, toxic to some agricultural pests, a survey was conducted in West Azerbaijan province. B. thuringiensis strains were isolated using acetate selection method with different concentrations. The morphology of crystals was studied using light microscopy. Bioassay tests were conducted on Culex pipiens (L.) as well...
June 2010
In vitro antimicrobial activity of selected Ethiopian medicinal plants against some bacteria of veterinary importance
Due to rapid development of resistance and high cost of the new generation antibiotics, lots of efforts are being made to discover new antimicrobial agents from different sources. In the current study aqueous and hydro-alcoholic extracts of leaves of Jasminium abyssinicum, Myrsine africana, Foenicum vulgare and aerial part ofLeonotis ocymifolia were screened for antibacterial...
June 2010
Evaluation of antimicrobial activity of Ballota acetabulosa
The ethanol extracts obtained from Ballota acetabulosa (L.) Benth (Lamiaceae) were investigated for their antimicrobial activity against Bacillus cereus ATCC 7064,Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633, Stapylococcus aureus ATCC 6538P, Escherichia coliATCC 10538, Proteus vulgaris ATCC 6899, Salmonella typhimurium CCM 5445,Psuedomonas aeruginosa ATCC...
June 2010
Anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic effects of extract from Plumbago zeylanica
Plumbago species (Family-Plumbaginaceae) are one of the most important medicinal plants which are used for anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial diseases. Our work involves the study of anti inflammatory and cytotoxic effects of Plumbago zeylanica. The root of P. zeylanica extracted with methanol was used for determining the anti inflammatory effects. The methanolic extracts at 300...
June 2010
Susceptibility of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli isolated from animals and humans to tetracycline
Fifty five thermophilic Campylobacter spp. strains were isolated from cecum of broilers, cecum and colon of pigs and from human feces. The strains were identified as Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli. The more prevalent species in broilers and humans was C. jejuni and in pigs C. coli. In the framework of this study, sensitivity to tetracycline in isolated strains...
June 2010
An in vitro assessment of inhibitory effect of 16 strains of probiotics on the germination of Candida albicans
The purpose of the study was to evaluate the antagonistic activity of probiotics isolated from products to germination of Candida albicans in vitro. The spent culture supernatant, live bacteria, heat-killed bacteria of 16 strains of probiotics and main bacterial short-chain fatty acids were applied to inhibit the germination of C. albicans in vitro by crystal violet-based germ tube...
June 2010
Partial characterization of extracellular xylanolytic activity derived from Paenibacillus sp. KIJ1
An Antarctic bacterial isolate was found to exhibit the extracellular xylanolytic activity. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, the strain was named Paenibacillussp. KIJ1. The maximum xylanase production was achieved by growing Paenibacillus sp. KIJ1 in media with 0.5% carboxymethylcellulose and 0.5% yeast extract, which were found to be the best sources of carbon and nitrogen, respectively....
June 2010
Combined effects of dry matter content, incubation temperature and final pH of fermentation on biochemical and microbiological characteristics of probiotic fermented milk
Combined effects of milk non-fat dry matter content (4, 8 or 12%), incubation temperature (37, 40 or 44°C) and final pH of fermentation (4.2 or 4.5) on biochemical and microbiological characteristics of probiotic fermented milk (Lactobacillus acidophilus LA-5, Bifidobacterium lactis BB-12, and yogurt bacteria) during and immediately after fermentation were investigated. Treatments...
June 2010
Solid substrate fermentation and conversion of orange waste in to fungal biomass using Aspergillus niger KA-06 and Chaetomium Spp KC-06
Orange waste consisting of both peel and pulp is highly susceptible to hydrolysis by mixtures of cellulolytic and pectinolytic enzymes which give it potential as feedstock for biological conversion to value added products. Whereas the pulp is relatively rich in carbohydrate, the peel consists of 16.9% soluble sugars, 9.21% cellulose, 10.5% hemicellulose and 42.5% pectin as the most important...
June 2010
Structural changes of DHA-containing phospholipids by K+ and Na+ cations in nerve cell membranes
Understanding the structure and dynamics of a docosa hexaenoic acid (DHA) containing phospholipid monomer within membranes is essential for recognizing the bilayer function in central nervous system. It has been recognized that the electrical impulses in nerve cells arise from the movement of electrical charges in the form of ions across the plasma membrane. In this study, we have modeled a novel...
June 2010
Antibacterial potential of leaf extracts of Juniperus communis L. from Kumaun Himalaya
The sensitivity of five pathogenic multi drug resistant bacteria (Bacillus subtilis,Erwinia chrysanthemi, Escherichia coli, Agrobacterium tumefaciens andXanthomonas phaseoli) was tested against the crude leaf organic extracts (methanol, ethanol, chloroform and hexane) and aqueous extracts of a Kumaun Himalayan gymnospermous plant Juniperus communis (Cupressaceae), employing disc...
June 2010
Correlation analysis of inhibin B, follistatin and activin A in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome
Polycystic ovarian syndrome is a term used to describe women who have a tendency, because of abnormal ovulation to develop multiple small cysts on their ovaries. In this study, we investigated the abnormal levels of serum inhibin B, follistatin and activin A in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Serum levels of inhibin B, follistatin and activin A on cycle day 3 were measured both in PCOS group...
June 2010
Isolation and characterization of Azotobacteria from pine rhizosphere
Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria contain Nitrogen-fixing, Phosphorus- solubilizing, Potassium-solubilizing and other bio-active bacteria. Utilization of microbial Nitrogen fixation, Phosphorus- and Potassium-solubilizing activities can facilitate plant growth and avoid the lack of soil nutrients. This study used the plate dilution method to screen and isolate pro-biotic bacteria from the rhizosphere...
June 2010
Characterization of Pueraria mirifica-nodulating rhizobia present in Thai soil
We identified 12 strains of root-nodule bacteria isolated from Pueraria mirifica, an indigenous Thai medicinal legume, grown naturally in Thailand. Sequence analysis of the 16S rRNA gene indicated that 9 and 3 strains belonged to the generaRhizobium and Bradyrhizobium, respectively, with high identity (96 - 100%). All 9 P.mirifica-nodulating Rhizobium strains were...
June 2010
Qualititative analysis of organically farmed pulse varieties using FTIR (fourier transform infrared) spectroscopy
Organic farming is increasing in proportion every year with almost all cash crops being produced by it. Pulses also can be produced using organic farming. Four different samples of moong dhal grown by conventional farming and organic farming were collected and analyzed qualitatively using FTIR (fourier transform infrared) spectroscopy. Samples were conventional moong dhal, cheaper and easily available in...
June 2010
Intra-strain Variation of Lipopolysaccharides from Citrobacter freundii E9750 by in vitro Passages
The genus Citrobacter is closely related to Salmonella and Escherichia coli, and there are some serological cross-reactions existing among these species. These cross-reactivities are caused by O-specific polysaccharide antigens in the LPS, which contain similar epitopes. In some cross-reactive strains, O-specific polysaccharides exhibit structural homology. In order...
June 2010
In vitro effect of Melaleuca alternifolia and Eucalyptus globulus essential oils on mycelia formation by oral Candida albicans strains
Several mechanisms can inhibit mycelium formation which is an essential step forCandida albicans virulence. In this study, two essential oils of Melaleuca alternifoliaand Eucalyptus globulus were tested for their ability to inhibit the mycelium formed on Lee medium by oral C. albicans. Lee medium was added with different concentrations of M. alternifolia essential...
June 2010
Poliomyelitis eradication remains a challenge in Africa
During the last two decade, twelve wild type 1 poliovirus genotypes have been characterized in Africa. Several distinct clusters have been identified within some of them and appeared to be segregated geographically. This distribution could represent newly emerging genotypes and independent sustained circulation of these lineages or cross border transmission between countries of a single genotype followed by a...
June 2010
Production of bio-ethanol from Pectobacterium carotovorum induced soft rotten potatoes
The potato is a tuberous crop that adapt readily to diverse climates. The potato contains vitamins and minerals that have been identified as vital to human nutrition as well as an assortment of phytochemicals, such as carotenoids and polyphenols.Pectobacterium carotovorum is the causative agent for the soft rot induced in potatoes across temperate and tropical regions. Production of ethanol from 10...
June 2010
Genetic polymorphism at the leptin gene in Iranian Holstein cattle by PCR-RFLP
Leptin is a protein, which involved intricately in the growth and metabolism of animals and which plays an important role in the regulation of feed intake, energy metabolism, growth and reproduction of cattle. We used the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) technique to screen for DNA polymorphisms of the leptin gene in 112 Iranian Holstein cattle (Bos taurus) in...
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