April 2013
Microbial biofilm in the industry
Biofilms represent negative and positive attributes in the industries. Biofilm is a functional consortium of microorganisms attached to either biotic or abiotic surfaces and embedded under the extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). Spoilage and pathogenic microorganisms can develop biofilms on food industrial surfaces that can lead to food spoilage and disease transmission when the inappropriate clean up and...
April 2013
Microbial degradation of gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane (lindane)
Organochloride compounds are known to be highly toxic and persistent, causing serious water and soil pollution. Hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) is the term which collectively identifies the eight isomers of the hexachlorocyclohexane and they are denoted by the greek letters α, β, γ, δ, etc. Among the eight isomers, gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane (γ-HCH or lindane), is the only one with insecticidal...
April 2013
Advances in the study on microbial fermentation and transformation of traditional Chinese medicine
Microbial fermentation and transformation of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is an important way to achieve a combination of modern biotechnology and TCM’s research, and gaining an increasing worldwide popularity as a new type of traditional Chinese medicinal processing approach to develop pharmaceuticals in therapeutic applications. This new technology not only broadens the scope of TCM’s research...
April 2013
Effects of inoculation with plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPRs) on different growth parameters of cold area rice variety, Fakre malakand
The present study was conducted to isolate and characterize plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) from the rhizosphere of rice grown in cold climate at Swat and to assess their impact on plant growth when used as inoculants. A total of 18 bacterial strains were isolated from roots and rhizosphere of rice. With the exception of 3 strains, all isolates showed IAA production in pure culture. Three bacterial strains...
April 2013
Screening and characterization of rhizobacterial strains of Bacillus spp. isolated from rhizosphere of cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis L.)
A total of 40 isolates were isolated from different rhizospheric soil and roots of cauliflower from the vicinity of three districts (Kangra, Hamirpur and Bilaspur) of Himachal Pradesh belonging to sub temperate Himalayan location. Thereafter, these isolates were screened and characterized for their plant growth promotion and biocontrol properties as per standard methods. Out of 40, only 5 isolates...
April 2013
Bacterial contamination of public telephones in the downtown area of Sarajevo
Public telephones are handled by many people and can serve as vehicle of disease transmission. Our study involved the microbiological analysis of public telephones. We analysed 60 telephones from the downtown area of Sarajevo and they were all positive for bacterial contamination. The analysis used microbiological, biochemical and serological methods. More Gram-positive than Gram-negative bacteria were...
April 2013
Antioxidation and antiproliferation properties of polysaccharide-protein complex extracted from Phaeogyroporus portentosus (Berk. & Broome) McNabb
Phaeogyroporus portentosus is widely consumed as food in Thailand, but its potential bioactivities remain largely unknown. Here, the bioactivities of the hot water-extractable polysaccharide-protein complex (PPC) were evaluated after precipitating with ethanol. This crude PPC extract was then fractionated by DEAE-cellulose ion exchange column chromatography, and subsequently further purified by Superdex G-200 gel...
April 2013
Screening, evaluation of vibriocidal activity and characterization of bioactive substance from marine cyanobacteria
The pathogens of Vibrio sp. mainly cause three diseases such as gastroenteritis, wound infection and septicaemia; they can also cause food borne infection. At present, marine cyanobacterial species such as Oscillatoria sp. and Lyngbya sp. were extracted using aqueous, ethyl acetate and pyridine extracts. The marine cyanobacterial extracts were evaluated for antivibrio activity by agar...
April 2013
Randomized, prospective, efficacy and pharmacoeconomic trial of short course combination antiviral of lamivudine and adefovir versus entecavir monotherapy in HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B
The aim of this study was to compare the safety, efficacy, and pharmacoeconomics of the diminishing type antiviral combination of lamivudine and adefovir group (LA group) and entecavir monotherapy group (E group) in HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B. One hundred (100) patients were randomized equally to LA group, and E group in a multi-center randomized clinical trial. In the LA group, the earliest...
April 2013
Anti oxidative and anti tumour activity of biomass extract of mycoprotein Fusarium venenatum
Fusarium venenatum has been utilized as a mycoprotein source for human consumption in many countries for over a decade because of the rich source of high quality protein including essential amino acids and less fat. In the present study, anti oxidative and anticancer properties of biomass extract of Fusarium venenatum was studied. Biomass was obtained from Fusarium venenatum grown in...
April 2013
Occurrence of non-O157 Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli in healthy cattle and goats and distribution of virulence genes among isolates
Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) are receiving more attention mainly because they are zoonotic and food borne in nature. The objectives of the present study were to determine the occurrence of non-O157 Shiga toxin producing E. coli in cattle and goats and distribution of the virulence genes in the isolates. The overall isolation rates of non-O157 STEC was 15.27%...
April 2013
Synthesis and antimicrobial activity evaluation of some benzimidazole and indole derivatives
In this study, 16 benzimidazole and indole derivatives were synthesized and tested for in vitro antimicrobial activity by tube dilution and disc diffusion susceptibility test methods. The in vitro antimicrobial activity of the compounds was carried out by determining minimum inhibitory concentration value against various Gram-positive, Gram-negative bacteria and candida species fungi....
April 2013
Seroprevalence and risk factors associated with infectious bovine rhinotracheitis in unvaccinated cattle in southern Veracruz, Mexico
A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the seroprevalence and risk factors associated with infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (bovine herpesvirus-1 [BHV-1]) in unvaccinated cattle in southern Veracruz, Mexico. The study was conducted from September 2007 to March 2009. A total of 968 serum samples from 83 herds were analyzed through ELISA test to determine the presence of antibodies against BHV-1. Descriptive...
April 2013
Relationship between aneurysm and microorganism: Is Helicobacter pylori a primer agent or has an affinity to the tissue?
Aneurysm and microorganism relationship, which is urged to be a cause of atherosclerotic and non atherosclerotic pathogenesis, is a subject that has been discussed for years. In addition to many known microorganisms about this relationship, in recent years Chlamydophila pneumoniae, anaerobic bacteria and Helicobacter pylori are the most emphasized microorganisms suggested as a possible factors influencing...
April 2013
Performance evaluation of cyanobacteria removal from water reservoirs by biological method
With the rapid growth of urbanization, the discharge of industrial, agricultural and municipal wastewater into water resources is increasing. Cyanobacteria are a dominant component of the phytoplankton that causes problems in water reservoirs. The aim of this study is to evaluate the performance of bacteria in the removal of cyanobacteria algae from water reservoirs. In this study, a biological method with four...
April 2013
First report of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae seroprevalence in Tibetan pigs in Tibet, China
The present study examined the seroprevalence of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniaeinfection in Tibetan pigs in China for the first time. Serum samples were collected randomly from 423 Tibetan pigs of different categories in Nyingchi county and Mainling County, Tibet, China from April to December 2010, and then tested for the presence of antibodies against M. hyopneumoniae by double-sandwich enzyme-linked...
April 2013
Optimal an extracellular alkaline protease production condition for Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Pseudomonas aeruginosa JM07 which produces an extracellular alkaline protease was isolated from the Yellow Sea in China. The cultural conditions were optimized for maximum enzyme production. Maximum enzyme activity was achieved when the bacterium was grown in soybean meal (3.5%, w/v), corn steep meal (1.5%, w/v), Na2HPO4 (0.4%, w/v), KH2PO4 (0.03%, w/v), Na2CO3 (0.02%, w/v), MgSO4 (0.02%, w/v),...
April 2013
Production and characterization of a thermostable beta-propeller phytase from Bacillus licheniformis
A novel beta-propeller phytase producing thermophilic strain of Bacillus licheniformis was isolated. The culture conditions for production of phytase by B. licheniformis under shake flask culture were optimized to obtain high levels of phytase (0.267 U/ml). The optimum temperature and pH of the phytase from B. licheniformis (PhyC) were 55°C and 7.0,...
April 2013
Mutation of plcR gene using a novel gene knock-out system in Bacillus cereus
Mutagenesis is an essential way to dissect gene’s physiological functions and characterizations in vivo. In this paper, a novel vector designated pAK12 was constructed for generating gene inactivation mutant in gram-positive Bacillus cereus. By using two-step strategy, a plcR gene knock-out mutant in B. cereus 1N21 was obtained without antibiotic resistance gene inside. The genetic...
April 2013
Antimicrobial activity of freshwater cyanobacteria isolated from pharmaceutical wastes
The present study evaluates the phytochemical screening and antimicrobial activity of two species of cyanobacteria namely, Phormidium chalybeum and Leptolyngbya tenuis isolated from hospital discharge waste waters near Mangalore. They were maintained in BG11 media. In vitro screening of organic solvents (methanol, ethanol, chloroform and petroleum...
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