April 2014
An overview of fungal and bacterial biopesticides to control plant pathogens/diseases
Chemical agents are extensively used in all countries of the world in1960s, for controlling the agricultural pest and pathogens, it became apparent that agricultural chemicals were responsible for causing environmental pollution, they were present in the food chain, they were capable of inducing pest resistance, development of disease resistance, toxic hazards to man, plants, domestic animals and wild life, as a result...
April 2014
Phenotypic and symbiotic characterization of rhizobia isolated from Medicago ciliaris L. growing in Zerizer from Algeria
Phenotypic characteristics of 37 rhizobia strains isolated from root nodules of Medicago ciliaris L. growing in soils collected from Zerizer (North Eastern Algeria) were studied. Tolerance to salinity, high temperatures, acid and alkaline pHs, drought and to antibiotics as well as symbiotic and cultural characteristics allowed the description of a wide physiological diversity among tested isolates. Thirteen (13)...
April 2014
Isolation and characterization of endophytic bacteria colonizing halophyte and other salt tolerant plant species from coastal Gujarat
Endophytic bacteria were isolated from leaves of four dominant halophyte and salt tolerant plant species of coastal Gujarat. The bacterial counts on nutrient agar were found to be maximum in Spharanthus indicus (40%) and were minimum in Salicornia brachiata (10%). Twenty (20) bacterial isolates were selected and were characterized through morphological characters and biochemical tests. Three were pigmented and 17 were...
April 2014
Recognition of leptospirosis in dengue-suspected cases during dengue outbreak in Ceará State, Brazil
Dengue fever frequently presents with non specific symptoms, making it difficult to be distinguished from other acute febrile illnesses, including leptospirosis. Given this, serum samples from 82 patients with clinical features of dengue-like illness were evaluated for dengue infection by IgM-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Negative...
April 2014
Antibiotic and heavy-metal resistance in motile Aeromonas strains isolated from fish
Aeromonas spp. have been recognized as important pathogens causing massive economic losses in the aquaculture industry. This study examined the resistance of fish Aeromonas isolates to 15 antibiotics and 3 heavy metals. Based on the results, it is suggested that selective antibiotheraphy should be applied according to the Aeromonas species and the cultured-fish species. In addition, cadmium-resistant strains were...
April 2014
Role of lignocellulolytic thermophilic fungus Thermoascus aurantiacus MTCC 375 in paddy straw digestibility and its implication in biogas production
Paddy straw was pretreated with Thermoascus aurantiacus MTCC 375, a ligno-cellulolytic thermophilic fungus, to enhance its biodegradability. The potential of microbial pretreatment under aerobic condition on paddy straw digestibility was investigated at regular intervals of 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 days by determining the change in proximate (total solids (%) and volatile solids (%)) and chemical composition (cellulose,...
April 2014
Antifungal activity of chitosan-silver nanoparticle composite against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides associated with mango anthracnose
Chitosan loaded with various metal ions such as Ag+, Cu2+, Zn2+, Mn2+ and Fe2+ has been reported to exert strong antimicrobial activity. In this study, the silver-nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized at 95°C using chitosan as the reducing agent and stabilizer. The UV-Vis spectrum displayed peak in a range between 415-420 nm, the characteristic surface plasmon resonance band of silver nanoparticles. The size, shape...
April 2014
Biocontrol efficiency of native mycorrhizal isolates in ashwagandha (Withania somnifera L.)
Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera L.) is an angiospermic medicinal herb, well recognized for the immense therapeutic potential of its roots containing several withanolides. W. Somnifera, however is susceptible for many plant pathogens like Ralstonia, Phytophthora, Fusarium and many others. The present investigation on ashwagandha was undertaken to screen the efficacy of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi against different...
April 2014
Mosquito repellent from Thai essential oils against dengue fever mosquito (Aedes aegypti (L.)) and filarial mosquito vector (Culex quinquefasciatus (Say))
Repellent activity of Thai essential oils derived from ylang-ylang (Cananga odorata), lemon grass (Cymbopogon citratus) and citronella grass (Cymbopogon nardus) were evaluated against female Aedes aegypti (L.) and Culex quinquefasciatus (Say) and compared a commercially available repellents (IR3535, ethyl butylacetylamino propionate 12.5% w/w; Johnson’s Baby Clear Lotion Anti-Mosquito®). Each test repellent...
April 2014
Multiple antibiotic-resistance of Enterococcus isolated from coastal water near an outfall in Brazil
Marine outfalls contribute to the environmental protection of coastal zones. However, these structures may serve as vehicles for microbiological contamination. This study aimed to investigate the occurrence of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria in water samples collected from 67 stations located in nearby areas of the ocean outfall in Fortaleza, Brazil. 81 Enterococcus strains were isolated, identified and distributed in...
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