February 2012
Effect of Streptococcus uberis infections on cell population of bovine mammary gland
Streptococcal bacteria are one of the most important pathogens causing different type of bovine mastitis. In this respect, it is very important to study effect of streptococcal infections on cell populations of bovine mammary gland to improve knowledge how to prevent and treat streptococcal infections of bovine mammary gland. Streptococcal bacteria can affect different cell processes, for example, programmed cell death...
February 2012
Research progress of Streptococcus pneumoniae capsular polysaccharide-protein conjugate vaccines
Streptococcus pneumoniae is a major respiratory pathogen responsible for many diseases in young children and elderly. Because of the increasing antibiotic resistance of pneumococci recently, the need for development of an effective vaccine is more and more urgent. Since the 7-valent conjugate vaccine was licensed in the United States in 2000, its efficacy has been widely recognized. Effort on researching...
February 2012
Bacterial contamination levels in river catchments of the North West Province, South Africa: Public health implications
The aim of this study was to examine and compare the levels of bacterial contamination in water obtained from the five river catchments in the North West Province with water quality guidelines. A total of 54 water samples collected during winter and summer seasons were cultured on m-FC and m-Endo agar plates using membrane filtration, and on Plate Count and Eosin Methylene Blue agar plates using spread-plate techniques....
February 2012
Evaluation of the microbial load on smoked fish from some markets in Ogun state, Nigeria
A study determining the microbial load on smoked fish from various markets in Ogun State, Nigeria, showed that Ota Market had the highest bacterial count of 4.2 × 104,followed by Oju-Ore with 3.8 × 104 and Igbesa and Lusada markets with 1.1 × 104 and 1.0 × 104 respectively. Fungal count followed a similar pattern but low in Lusada and absent from Igbesa samples. Staphylococci...
February 2012
Identification and genotypic analysis of Streptococcus spp. isolated from Giant Pandas in China by PCR-based methods
PCR-based methods were frequently used for identification and analysis of microorganisms. In this study 8 Streptococcus strains isolated from Giant Pandas in different parts of China were identified by amplification of 16S ribosomal RNA sequence by PCR. Genomic diversities of 8 identified Streptococcus strains were analyzed by repetitive extragenic palindromic PCR (REP-PCR) and enterobacterial...
February 2012
Phenotypic detection of metallo-β-lactamase producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from Urmia hospitals
Detection of metallo-β-lactamase producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa is crucial for the optimal treatment of patients; however there are limited studies on metallo-β-lactamase producing P. aeruginosa isolates from West Azarbayejan, Iran. This study was designed to detect the metallo-β-lactamase in P. aeruginosa isolates. One hundred isolates were collected from clinical...
February 2012
Multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains in Tehran Reference Burn Hospital, Tehran, Iran
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most common causes of burn wound infections. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of antibiotic resistance burn morbidity during September 2005 to October 2007. The incidence of multi-drug resistantP. aeruginosa infection was indicated in 9238 patients admitted to Tehran Reference Burn Hospital. Specimens were collected after admitting the patients in the...
February 2012
Purification and characterization of Laceyella sacchari strain B42 xylanase and its potential for pulp biobleaching
Xylanase producing thermophilic actinomycetes strain B42 was isolated from bagasse. This strain was enriched on oat spelt xylan agar medium and screened onto xylan-congo red agar plate by the xylanolysis method. The Phylogenetic analysis using 16S rDNA sequence data showed that strain B42 had the highest homology (99.0%) with Laceyella sacchari and it was named as L. sacchari strain...
February 2012
Effects of forty-two strains of orchid mycorrhizal fungi on growth of plantlets of Anoectochilus roxburghii
Anoectochilus roxburghii, a rare medicinal herb in China, is difficult in artificial propagation and symbiotic with endophytic fungi for its development and accumulation of bioactive compounds in it. In order to establish a symbiotic system, we investigated several decades of mycorrhizal fungi from Orchidaceae plants in growth promotion of A. roxburghii. Forty-two strains were inoculated upon plantlets of A....
February 2012
Comprehensive study of sporicidal and sporstatic effect of CuO and AgO metal nanoparticles upon spore of Clostridium botulinum type E
Nanoparticles due to high volume levels have high sporicidal and bacterial properties. In this study, we examined the sporicidal effect of metal oxide nanoparticles of silver and copper on the bacterium Clostridium botulinum type E. In this study, the bacterium, C. botulinum type E, and silver and copper oxide nanoparticles with average diameter of 20 nm were employed. The bacterium...
February 2012
Medium optimization and properties of biopolymer Ss from Sphingomonas sanxanigenens
Sphingomonas sanxanigenes strain NX02 synthesizes a novel biopolymer Ss, which can be extracted from fermentation broth using a low-cost acid precipitation. In this study, response surface methodology was employed to optimize medium composition for the production of biopolymer Ss. First, Plackett-Burman design was applied to evaluate the effects of different components in the medium, and it was found that...
February 2012
PLCεknockdown effectively decrease the MNU induced rat bladder tumorigenesis through a H-ras pathway
The crucial role of phospholipase C epsilon (PLC ε) in cancinogensis has been described recently. However, whether or not it decreases the methyl-nitroso-urea (MNU) induced rats’ bladder tumorigenesis and the probable mechanism remains poorly understood. Here, we investigated the efficacy of PLCε knockdown to MNU induced bladder tumor and its possible mechanism. First, a plasmid contains small...
February 2012
Characterization and identification of soft rot bacterial pathogens in Bangladeshi potatoes
We reported the characterization and identification of pathogenic bacterial strains causing soft rot in potato tuber in Bangladesh under storage conditions. Identification of bacterial pathogens in tuber is important to take appropriate disease control measures and to develope resistant plants through classical breeding or genetic engineering. A total of 92 bacterial strains were extracted from the soft rotted potato...
February 2012
Ampicillin resistance and extended spectrum β-lactamases in Enterobacteriaceae isolated from raw and spontaneously fermented camel milk
The prevalence of ampicillin resistance and extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) in the dominant Enterobacteriaceae from raw and spontaneously fermented camel milk (suusac) in Kenya and Somalia was characterized both phenotypically and genotypically. Globally important SHV and CTX-M-type extended-spectrum β–lactamases (ESBLs) were tested. The Enterobacteriaceae belonged to 15...
February 2012
Detection of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in pasteurized milk by IS900 PCR and culture method
Prevalence of Mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis in commercially pasteurized milk was studied. A total of 300 commercially pasteurized milk samples were purchased from various parts of Eastern-Azerbaijan province of Iran. Two 50 ml from each sample were centrifuged. DNA extraction was performed on one of the pellets and extracted DNA was evaluated for the presence of Mycobacterium...
February 2012
MPB64 DNA vaccine with immunogenicity and efficacy against tuberculosis
Tuberculosis is a serious infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. DNA vaccination is an advanced technique for protecting human bodies from infectious diseases including tuberculosis by injecting exogenous gene engineering DNA into the body to produce an immunological response. In this study, we examined the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of DNA vaccine (pCDNA-MPB64) expressing MPB64 protein and...
February 2012
Isolation and characterization of rhamnolipid producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains from waste edible oils
This study was to screen efficient biosurfactant producing strains from waste edible oils (WEOs). Two strains Y5 and Y17 were screened out by steps of preliminary blood plate screening and secondary flask fermentation screening. The surface tension of the fermentation broth of the two strains diluted by 100 times was lower than 40 mN/m. Preliminary characterization of fermentation products was conducted, which...
February 2012
Effect of growth phase, protective agents, rehydration media and stress pretreatments on viability of Oenococcus oeni subjected to freeze-drying
Malolactic fermentation (MLF) is an important process in wine production. To achieve successful MLF, expanding interest in ready-to-use Oenococcus oeni starter cultures has drawn greater emphasis on developing starter production and preservation methods. Growth phase, protective agents, rehydration media and stress pretreatments were the main factors to affect the survival of O. oeni SD-2a after...
February 2012
Antimicrobial resistance in Salmonella isolated from broiler chicken carcasses
The development of antimicrobial resistance has been a public health issue worldwide. The aim of this study was to determine the antibiotic resistance pattern of Salmonellaspecies isolated from broiler chickens in Iran. 37 isolates of Salmonella recovered from broiler chicken carcasses were analyzed for resistance to 14 antimicrobial agents.Salmonella isolates were serogrouped by standard...
December 2012
Enhancement of biomass and hydrocarbon productivities of Botryococcus braunii by mixotrophic cultivation and its application in brewery wastewater treatment
Successful production of mixotrophic algae allows the integration of both photosynthetic and heterotrophic components during the diurnal cycle. This reduces the impact of biomass loss during dark respiration and decreases the amount of organic substances utilization during growth; these features infer that mixotrophic production can be an important part of the microalgae to biofuels process. Mixotrophic mode provides an...
February 2012
Prokaryotic expression and polyclonal antibody production of transactivator Tas for potential application in detection of human foamy virus infection
The human foamy virus (HFV) may pose a risk to humans as an infectious agent. The HFV transactivator Tas plays a critical role as a regulatory factor in viral replication, and potently activates gene expression via the 5' LTRs (long terminal repeats) of HFV. However the anti-Tas antibody currently available can rarely be applied in the investigation and diagnosis of HFV because of its high valence. To better...
February 2012
Chemical composition and in vitro antibacterial activity of Ziziphora clinopodioides Lam. essential oil against some pathogenic bacteria
The chemical composition of the essential oil obtained from the aerial parts of Ziziphora clinopodioides Lam. was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method. Twenty six components representing 97.6% of the total oil were identified. The major constituents were pulegone (34.4%), piperitenone (15.1%), 1-8- cineole (6.5%), neo-menthol (5.7%), menth-2-en-1- ol (5.3%), menthol...
February 2012
Evaluation of low-intensity laser radiation on stimulating cholesterol degrading activity of Streptomyces fradiae Part III cholesterol oxidase purification and application
as chromatography - mass spectrometry has proved that the only by-product, resulted from cholesterol decomposition in the reaction mixtures containing the enzyme and cholesterol (as substrate), was 4-cholesten-3-one. By using the high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), it was found that the highest amount of this product in the reaction mixtures occurred when Streptomyces fradiae was exposed to 210 mW...
February 2012
Molecular identification and characterization of Dalapon-2,2-dichloropropionate (2,2DCP)-degrading bacteria from a Rubber Estate Agricultural area
The extensive use of herbicides in agricultural area over the past years resulted in environmental pollution. A total of 4 potential bacterial strains were isolated from the rubber estate using minimal media containing 2, 2-dichloropropionate (2, 2-DCP) as sole source of carbon and energy. The 16S rDNA analysis was carried out for genus identification study. Phylogenetic analysis suggested that strains D1, D6 and D9...
February 2012
Imipenem-resistant Psedomonas aeruginosa: Epidemiology and susceptibility patterns at a Teaching Hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an important nosocomial pathogen. It causes high morbidity and mortality. The incidence of imipenem-resistance is increasing among Gram negative bacilli, particularly P. aeruginosa, often associated with resistance to other antipseudomonal drugs. The aim of this study is to assess potential risk factors for nosocomial infections of imipenem- resitant P....
February 2012
Effect of nitrogen fertilizer levels on different planting remobilization of dry matter of durum wheat varieties Seimareh
The present work was carried out at the agriculture research center, Islamic Azad university of Ardabil branch, Iran, 2010 to 2011 cropping year using Seimareh durum wheat cultivars, arranged as factorial based on randomized complete block design (RCBD). Different nitrogen fertilizer levels (check, 60, 80 and 120 kg/ha) and three planting times (23th October, 11th November and 2th December) with...
February 2012
Enzymatic remediation of the polluted crude oil by Rhodococcus
A Rhodococcus strain was isolated from the activated sludge in oil field and its enzymatic remediation activity of crude oil was investigated. Potential impact of different levels of crude oil on activities of enzymes (dehydrogenase, catalase, urease and polyphenol oxidase) from this strain was studied after 120 days of continuous application. Enzyme activities were compared with microbial biomass samples and...
February 2012
The relationship between high incidence of deep neck infection and toothbrushing frequency
This study aimed to investigate and compare the frequency of toothbrushing and dental health status between Deep neck space infection (DNSI) patients with dental origin and healthy population. 64 participants were included in this study in the form of two groups. The first group consisted of 34 DNSI patients with dental onset, and the second group consisted of 30 participants...
February 2012
Statistical approach to optimization of fermentative production of oil and arachidonic acid from Mortierella alpine CBS 754.68
In the present study, oil and arachidonic acid (AA) production by Mortierella alpine CBS 754.68 was improved through optimizing the effective factors. One-factor-at-a-time method was used to examine the effect of pH, mineral element, agitator spin and temperature on oil and AA production. For higher oil and AA production, response surface methodology (RSM) was used after one factor at time method so as to...
February 2012
Identification of GyrA mutations conferring fluoroquinolone resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from poultry in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
The quinolone-resistance determining-region of gyrA was PCR-amplified and sequenced in seven fluoroquinolone-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Nalidixic acid MICs ranging 8 to128 µg/ml, ciprofloxacin MICs ranging 8 to 32 µg/ml and levofloxacin MICs ranged from 32 to 64 µg/ml) isolated from poultry that died of septicaemic clinical diseases in Ibadan, Oyo State, South Western...
February 2012
Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of bacterial pathogens isolates from diseased swine in southwest, China
The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in the clinical bacterial isolates from diseased swine in southwest, China during 2009-2010. A total of 504 bacterial isolates (19 species) were collected from the 364 clinical samples. The activity of 6-14 antibiotics to each bacterial species was examined. The sensitivity was tested by the disk diffusion method and performed...
February 2012
Epidemiological patterns of Leptospira interrogans among slaughterhouse workers from the Eastern United States-Mexico border region
A cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2005 to August 2006 in order to determine the epidemiological patterns of leptospirosis among Mexican slaughterhouse workers in the United States-Mexico border region. Serum samples (n = 292) were obtained from workers at municipal and federal-inspected slaughterhouses and they were analyzed with the microagglutination test in order to detect antibodies against L....
February 2012
Antimicrobial susceptibility and virulence factors of Escherichia coli isolates obtained from faeces samples of chickens in east China
The study was conducted to determine the antibiotic resistance and virulence factors profile of Escherichia coli isolated from chicken faeces sample. Differential and selective media were used to isolate a total of 164 E. coli strains from 180 faeces samples at different chicken farm in east China. These strains were tested against 15 antibiotics using the agar disc diffusion. The isolates showed...
February 2012
Comparison of efficacy of nine new heterorhabditid isolates (Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae) in Tenebrio molitor (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)
The virulence of new nine heterorhabditid isolates from South Carolina (Heterorhabditis megidis LEX, Heterorhabditis zealandica EDS and CHR, and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora WPS, SMP, PD, CFG, MF and CFM strains) on the yellow mealworm was compared with two known heterorhabditid nematodes (H. bacteriophora Hb and HP88 strains) under laboratory conditions. The Petri-plate bioassay procedure...
February 2012
Intravital microscopy: Taking a close look inside the living organisms
The opportunity to visualize biological phenomena in living organism has fascinated and improved the research field for decades. The most common way to perform these experiments consist in anesthetize small animals (such as mice and rats) and expose the tissue of interest to a light or laser source and acquire the images using a microscope. This method is denominated “intravital microscopy” and there are...
February 2012
Antagonism of Bacillus species against Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris and Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum
Bacillus species produce a large number of biological compounds against bacteria and fungi. The aim of this study was isolation and diagnosis of kinds of isolates Bacillus from different plants and determination of their efficiency as a bio-control agents against phytopathogenic bacteria like Xanthomonas...
February 2012
Pregnancy and renal cyst hydatid disease: Case report
Hydatid cyst disease is an important health problem in many countries, including Turkey. While it can impact any organ, it is most often found in the lung and liver. Renal involvement is relatively rare. A diagnosis of renal cystic hydatidosis was established with ultrasound and magnetic resonance in a 22 year old patient who was 25 weeks pregnant after she presented with severe right flank pain. Albendazol was...
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