March 2011
Aflatoxin control and prevention strategies in key crops of Sub-Saharan Africa
Aflatoxins are secondary fungal metabolites that contaminate agricultural commodities and can cause sickness or death in humans and animals. Risk of aflatoxin contamination of food and feed in Africa is increased due to environmental, agronomic and socio-economic factors. Environmental conditions especially high humidity and temperature favour fungal proliferation, but also drought conditions increase risk of...
March 2011
Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of isolates of Dermatophilus congolensis from cattle, sheep and goats in Jos, Nigeria
Dermatophilus congolensis is the causative agent of dermatophilosis an economically important disease of livestock, and also an agent of zoonotic importance. The disease has been reported worldwide, with a wide host range which includes domestic, wild and aquatic animals. This study was therefore undertaken to characterize isolates of the organism from cattle, sheep and goats in Nigeria. All the...
March 2011
Occurrence of storage fungi in jatropha (Jatropha curcas L.) seeds
Atropha is a potential source for production of bio-diesel and an alternative source for fossil fuels. The present study is undertaken for the analysis of storage fungi and its biodiversity in Jatropha seed samples collected from local market and research institutes in Chennai. Standard plating technique was used to study the growth of storage fungi in seeds stored for 12 to 60 months by using selective...
March 2011
Metabolic syndrome and severity of fibrosis in patients with chronic viral hepatitis B infection or non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
To investigate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) in patients with chronic viral hepatitis B (HBV) infection or non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and to determine the relationship between MS and the risk of fibrosis in those patients, 136 patients with chronic HBV infections and 110 NAFLD patients were analyzed retrospectively between January 2008 and June 2009. The results showed that the...
March 2011
Cloning, codon-optimized expression and homology modeling of structural protein VP1 from foot and mouth disease virus
Structural protein VP1 of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) is the most frequently studied protein due to its significant roles in virus attachment, protective immunity, and serotype specificity. The coding sequence of VP1was amplified and then identified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing. To achieve high-level expression of VP1 protein, we optimized VP1 gene base on Escherichia...
March 2011
Investigatıon of Epstein-Barr virus serology and DNA in bone marrow transplant recipients
The aim of this study was to investigate Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) serology and EBV DNA in the patients with bone marrow transplantation. In the current study, 128 patients with bone marrow transplantation (BMT) were included in Hematology-Oncology Department of Medical Faculty, Erciyes University between June 2005 and October 2009. In order to evaluate EBV serology and DNA, 357 samples obtained from the...
March 2011
Optimization of ethanol production from mango pulp using yeast strains isolated from “tabernaâ€: A Mexican fermented beverage
Undamaged, uninfected and ripe mango fruits were collected from mango trees grown in Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas, México. In a first experiment, a Plackett-Burman statistical experimental design was used to study the effect of KH2PO4 (0.5 to 6.0 g/ll); (NH4)2SO4(0.5 to 4.0 g/l); ZnSO4 (0.05 to 1.0 g/l); MgSO4 (0.4 to 2 g/l); CaCl2 (0.1 to 1.0 g/l); CoSO4(0.1 to 1.0 g/l) and...
March 2011
Isolation and characterization of antagonistic bacteria against fusarium wilt and induction of defense related enzymes in banana
Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum is considered a fatal disease to bananas.Chemical control of Fusarium wilt in bananas has received little efficiency. Alternatively, biological control is a viable strategy against soil-borne diseases. The objectives of this research were to isolate antagonistic bacteria and investigate the possible mechanisms against...
March 2011
Occurrence of aflatoxigenic fungi in cow feeds during the summer and winter season in Hamadan, Iran
Aflatoxins are secondary toxic metabolites produced mainly by Aspergillus flavus andAspergillus parasiticus that contaminate food and feed. Due to the high incidence of AFM1in milk that have been reported at the Hamadan region in Iran, a study was conducted to identify the cow feed mycoflora with special respect to aflatoxigenic fungi. 186 cows feed samples from traditional- and...
March 2011
Bacteriological studies on pulmonary lesions of camel (Camelus dromedarius) slaughtered at Addis Ababa abattoir, Ethiopia
This study was carried out with the aim of identifying bacterial species involved in lung lesions of camels slaughtered between October 2009 and April 2010 at Addis Ababa abattoir enterprise, Ethiopia. All camels were originated from Borana and Kereyu pastoral areas. A total of 387 lungs were inspected during the study period, of which 300 (77.5%) possessed gross pulmonary lesions. Of which 72 lungs with...
March 2011
Identification of bacterial agents and antimicrobial susceptibility of neonatal sepsis: A 54-month study in a tertiary hospital
The spectrum of bacteria which cause neonatal sepsis varies in different parts of the world. Antibiotic resistance is an increasing problem of these bacteria. The aim of this study was to detect the most common bacterial causes of neonatal sepsis and determination of their sensitivity to antibiotics. In a descriptive cross-sectional study, records of the neonates suspicious to neonatal sepsis who were...
March 2011
Trends and characteristics of patients admitted with musculoskeletal tuberculosis to a referral hospital from 2003 to 2008
Tuberculosis (TB) remains the most common cause of death from infectious disease world-wide. Extrapulmonary diagnosis remains challenging especially in developing countries such as Botswana. The increasing global burden of tuberculosis is linked to HIV-infection and sub-Saharan Africa is the hardest hit by tuberculosis epidemics due to the high incidence and prevalence of HIV-infection. This study evaluated...
March 2011
A simplified mathematical model of multi-species biofilm for simultaneous removal of sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitric oxide (NO) using a biotrickling-filter
The population dynamics of a multi-species biofilm for simultaneous removal of nitric oxide (NO) and sulfur dioxide (SO2) in a laboratory-scale biotrickling-filter was described. Based on a simplified multispecies-multisubstrate model with the gas-liquid-biomembrane transfer theory, the calculations were compared to the long-term verification experiments. Simulation results were in good agreement with the...
March 2011
Potentials of two Trichoderma species as antagonistic agents against Colletotrichum destructivum of cowpea
Antagonistic potentials of two Trichoderma species that is Trichoderma harzianum andTrichoderma pseudokoningii against the pathogen, Colletotrichum destructivum of cowpea was examined in vitro. Each of the Trichoderma species was paired with the pathogen in 9 cm Petri dishes with Acidified Potato Dextrose Agar (APDA) as the growth medium. Pathogen and...
March 2011
Preservation methods of fungi in 35 years old stock culture storages: A comparative study
The maintenance of fungi isolates and the development of methodologies were available from their phenotypic and genotypic characteristics. Alterations of Histoplasma capsulatum and Candida spp. Strains preserved by continuous subculturing on fungal collection and by lyophilization for 35 years were evaluated. Candida isolates maintained by lyophilized methodology were viable and...
March 2011
Antagonistic activity of marine bacteria Pseudoalteromonas tunicata against microbial pathogens
Marine bacteria have been recognized as an important and untapped resource for novel bioactive compounds. In the present study the antagonistic activity of marine bacteria was investigated. The selected Pseudoalteromonas tunicata showed a very broad range of antagonistic activity against many pathogenic bacteria and fungi. The antagonistic strains were also tested for the production of...
March 2011
Serologic evaluation of hepatitis B and D in patients with cirrhosis
Hepatitis D is the important complication in cirrhotic patients. Diagnosis of hepatitis D is based on detection of HBSAg and HDV Ab titer determination. The present research was performed on a number of cirrhotic patients with the aim to assess the prevalence of hepatitis D and B. In present study all the cirrhotic patients who were referred to Gastroenterology and Endoscopy ward of Imam Khomeini hospital...
March 2011
Determination of the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and the minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) for a novel antibiotic
A novel antibiotic had a wide range of antibacterial spectrum. It was very stable to heat and to acid and alkali. In addition, the effects of storage on the antibiotic had not been observed even after it had been placed in a 37°C thermostat for up to four weeks. The MICs for the antibiotic against eleven strains of bacteria had been determined. Also, the determinations of the minimum bactericidal...
March 2011
Anthrax in animals of the Eastern Mediterranean region of Turkey
In this study, we aim to perform a microbiological evaluation on the anthrax cases encountered in small and large ruminants as well as in equidae in the Eastern Mediterranean region of Turkey between March 2005 and July 2010. Blood specimens from 44 animals raised in the Mediterranean region of Turkey and suspected of having anthrax in light of the clinical examination results between 2005 and 2010, were...
March 2011
Antibacterial activity study of a mucoadhesive suspension containing ciprofloxacin
Considering various effects of mucoadhesive suspension containing Ciprofloxacin, it was found that newly designed mucoadhesive formulation was better than its conventional immediate release preparation. Due to that their in vitro antibacterial activity was also studied and compared. It was found that the newly designed mucoadhesive formulation showed much larger zones of inhibition against all the...
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