February 2013
Advances in tuberculosis
The review attempts to highlight recent advances in understanding the epidemiology, pathogenesis and treatment of tuberculosis. Strategies in the development of new tools should consider the needs of target populations that are dictated by the diversity in host and pathogen genetics. Key words: Advances, tuberculosis, review
February 2013
Antimicrobial potential of Lactococcus lactis bacteriocin against Salmonella typhi
Bacteriocins are natural antimicrobial peptides with potential applications in human health care and exhibit a bactericidal mode of action against different microorganisms. The present study was carried out to observe lactic acid bacteria prevalence in milk and to determine the antimicrobial activity of Lactococcus lactis bacteriocin against Salmonella typhi. Isolation and characterization...
February 2013
An appropriate method for rapid diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in the clinical laboratories: Staining or polymerase chain reaction (PCR)?
Rapid diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis is crucial to reduce morbidity and mortality from untreated tuberculosis. Because the differential diagnosis of exudative pleural effusion is broad, the rapid diagnosis of tuberculosis pleural effusion would greatly facilitate the management of these patients. This experiment was aimed to determine the best method for early and rapid diagnosis of Mycobacterium...
February 2013
Presence of Coxiella burnetii in blood serum and concentration of IgG in infected cows
Infection with Coxiella burnetii in cows usually runs without typical symptoms. If clinical symptoms occur, they are mainly related to reproduction disturbance such as abortion, reproduction disorders, and low vital offspring. The aim of the paper was to determine the relation between IgG concentration and the presence of C. burnetii in serum of seropositive cows. Experiment was conducted on...
February 2013
Use of response surface methodology (RSM) to investigate the effect of carp (Cyprinus carpio) fillets cooked at different temperature and oil amount
This study was performed to investigate the effect of time and oil content on live microorganisms by periodically measuring the central temperature in heat treatment applied to carp fillets treated with different oil ratios and to determine the quality criteria of fillets during preservation period. Fillets were classified into five groups according to oil ratios, they were treated and the total number of mesophile...
February 2013
Investigating the role of Candida glabrata SLN1 gene in stress adaptation: In silico and molecular analysis
The orthologous gene to histidine kinase SLN1 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae was found in the Candida glabrata genome database; we performed both in silico and molecular analyses of this gene. A phylogenetic analysis confirmed the close relatedness between these orthologous genes. We found that C. glabrata Sln1p presents two functional domains: a histidine kinase domain, and a...
February 2013
Biodegradation of ethidium bromide by Bacillus thuringiensis isolated from soil
Ethidium bromide (EtBr) is a powerful carcinogen. Most molecular biology laboratories use EtBr in the research for nucleic acid visualization. However, EtBr waste seems to be efficiently degraded by only chemical method to date. In this study, Bacillus thuringiensisisolated from soil sample uncontaminated with EtBr was investigated for its ability in EtBr...
February 2013
Chromosomal location and SSR markers of a powdery mildew resistance gene in common wheat line N0308
Powdery mildew caused by Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici is one of the most devastating diseases of wheat in China and worldwide. A powdery mildew resistance gene, originated from wild emmer accession G25, transferred into a common wheat line N0308. F2population was established by crossing N0308, resistance to powdery mildew race Guanzong 4, with susceptible line Shaanyou 225. The segregation of...
February 2013
Screening and identification of tannase-producing fungi isolated from Brazilian caves
Tannase is an extracellular inducible enzyme of great biotechnological interest. The microorganisms such as species from the Aspergillus and Penicillium genus are the most important source of tannase. The objective of this study was to isolate, identify and select strains of filamentous fungi present in caves located in the Brazilian biome for tannase production. Five hundred and forty-four fungal...
February 2013
Effects of rotation of trap crop varieties on the reaction of some cereal host crops to Striga hermonthica biotypes
Trials were conducted in the screen house of Niger State College of Agriculture, Mokwa (09° 18¹N; 05° 04¹E) in 2005 and 2006 to evaluate the influence of rotation of non-host trap crops on the different reaction of host crop genotypes to the parasitism of Striga hermonthica biotypes. A split-split arrangement in a complete randomized design with three replications was adopted. The three...
February 2013
Interpretation of minimal inhibitory concentrations of extended spectrum beta lactamase producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp. strains according to new Clinical Laboratory and Standards Institute (CLSI) criteria
In 2010, the Clinical Laboratory and Standards Institute (CLSI) revised disc diffusion (except cefazolin) and minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) breakpoints of some cephalosporins and emphasized that it is no longer necessary in routine extended spectrum beta lactamases (ESBL) screening, except for epidemiological research or infection control purposes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the MIC breakpoints of...
February 2013
Detection of virulence genes of Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. from fecal samples of Kafue lechwe (Kobus leche kafuensis) and pastoral cattle in the interface areas of Zambia
Diarrhea of unknown etiology causes death in human beings, especially children with severe acute malnutrition in Africa including Zambia. Transmission of pathogenic bacteria among wild animals, livestock and people is one of the suspected causes of diseases. In this study, we looked for virulence genes specific to Escherichia coli and Salmonellaspecies, that is, genes encoding enterotoxins (LT and ST1),...
February 2013
Antagonistic activity of an endemic isolate of Streptomyces tendae RDS16 against phytopathogenic fungi
In this work, a wide survey and collection of agricultural soils from different habitats of the Al-Kharj region, Saudi Arabia, were conducted. 110 isolates of actinomycetes were isolated from these samples. Among them, 25 actinomycetes isolates were found to be antagonistic to Fusarium oxysporum, Macrophomina phaseolina and Sclerotium rolfsii. Only one isolate, denoted RDS16 had the strongest antagonistic...
February 2013
Fungicidal activities of certain methanolic plant extracts against tomato phytopathogenic fungi
The fungicidal activity of five methanolic plant extracts from Lantana camara, Salvadora persica, Thymus vulgaris, Zingiber officinale and Ziziphus spina-christi were evaluated for their antifungal efficiency on tomato phytopathogenic fungi, Fusarium oxysporum, Pythium aphanidermatum and Rhizoctonia solani, the causative agents of tomato damping-off diseases. Three of five plant extracts were...
February 2013
In vitro effects of artemisinin on inorganic phosphate-solubilizing bacteria
In this study, four inorganic phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (PSB), that is, PSB1, PSB2, PSB14, and PSB16, were isolated from horse bean soil sampled from a farm at Southwest University, China. We evaluated the toxic effects of artemisinin (0, 24, and 48 mg L–1) on PSB. To assess the antibacterial activity on PSB, the growth curves were modeled for different concentrations of artemisinin in liquid...
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