September 2009
Genotypes of Candida albicans from clinical sources in Nairobi Kenya
The present study genotyped Candida albicans isolates from clinical sources in Nairobi. The isolates were from blood, sputum, swabs, urine and catheters tips isolated between 2000 - 2005. Genotypic analysis was done using primer pairs that span the site of the transposable intron in the 25S rDNA. Genotypic analysis indicated that 60% of the C. albicans were genotype A exhibiting one band size...
September 2009
Methionine-producing Streptomyces species isolated from Southern Nigeria soil
Actinomycetes isolated from soil were investigated for methionine production, and anisolate, designated SP-05, was recovered. Taxonomic studies showed that the strain has good growth, sporulation and black pigment production on most media, utilized various sugars, reduced nitrate and degraded tyrosine. The aerial mycelia havespore chains with open loops, and therefore belong to retinaculum...
September 2009
Cometabolism and immobilized degradation of monochlorobenzoate by Rhodococcus erythropolis
The 3-chlorobenzoate degradation pathway by Rhodococcus erythropolis strain S-7 was studied. Result affirms our previous work. 3-chlorobenzoate was converted initially to chlorocatechol, and then degraded by modified ortho-pathway. R. erythropolis S-7 was able to grow on 3-cholobenzoate as sole growth substrate, but it was unable to grow on any of the other monochlorobenzoate isomers or to...
September 2009
Effect of extract of Monodora myristica and Zingiber officinale on the growth of fungi in sweet potato juice
Aqueous extracts of Monodora myristica and Zingiber officinale were assayed for their antifungal effect on Fusarium nivale, Rhizopus stolonifer and Aspergillus fumigatus isolated from deteriorating sweet potatoes. Aqueous extracts of M. myristica and Z. officinale showed inhibitory effect against F. nivale, R. stolonifer andA. fumigatus in...
September 2009
Production of alkaline protease by Bacillus cereus and Bacillus polymixa in new industrial culture mediums and its immobilization
After amylases, proteases are the most useful industrial enzymes that are produced 500 tones annually. In industry, proteases are produced from bacteria and fungi. The alkaline proteases, with an optimum activity in pH: 9 - 11, have numerous applications in daily life of peoples such as food complementary of beast and poultry, confectionary, bakery, fermentation industries, leathering, detergent industry,...
September 2009
Optimization of process parameters for the production of a- amylase from Penicillium janthinellum (NCIM 4960) under solid state fermentation
The production of extracellular amylase was studied in solid state fermentation byPenicillium janthinellum (NCIM 4960) using wheat bran as a solid substrate. The physical and chemical parameters influencing SSF were optimized. The maximum enzyme activity obtained was 300 U/gds under optimum conditions of pH 5.0, an incubation temperature of 35°C, maltose (1% w/w) as carbon source, (NH4)2SO4 - (0.2% w/w) as...
September 2009
Screening and phenotypic characterization of thermostable amylases producing yeasts and bacteria strains from some Cameroonian soils
One hundred and nineteen amylases producing strains (29 yeasts and 90 bacteria) were isolated from some Cameroonian soils contaminated by starchy residues and screened for thermostable amylases production. Phenotypic characterization of these amylases producing strains revealed the prominence of ascomycetous yeasts and two kinds of bacteria; the aerobic endospore forming dominated by Bacillus spp and...
September 2009
Optimization of process parameters for the production of alkaline protease from Penicillium godlewskii SBSS 25 and its application in detergent industry
An investigation was carried out on alkaline protease production using solid state fermentation from Penicillium godlewskii SBSS 25 isolated from soil samples collected from Southern Kerala, India and its application as a detergent additive. The maximum protease yield (235 U/gds) were achieved with optimized process parameters like pH (9.0), temperature (35°C), moisture content (60%), nitrogen source (0.5%...
September 2009
Isolation and characterization of ochratoxin A and aflatoxin B1 producing fungi infecting grapevines cultivated in Tunisia
A survey was conducted to access mycotoxin-producing fungi and to evaluate the ochratoxin A (OTA) and the Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) potential production for fungal strains contaminating table grapes in different Tunisian vineyards. Among 100 Aspergillusisolates, Aspergillus niger aggregate were the most frequent (70%) followed byAspergillus carbonarius (7%) and Aspergillus flavus (23%). The...
September 2009
Comparative study of homology of cytoplasmic membrane protein 40 KDa of Mycoplasma agalactiae in isolated strains in Iran
Mycoplasma agalactiae is one of the chief factors causative contagious agalactiae in sheep and goats that involves huge geographical regions such as Iran and causes economic losses. In this disease many clinical signs may be observed for example: mastitis, agalactiae, Keratoconjuctivitis, arthritis, lameness and sometimes abortion and Pneumonia. Cytoplasmic membrane Protein 40 KDa (P40) in this bacterium is a...
September 2009
Anti hepatitis E virus antibodies in sick and healthy individuals in Ekiti State, Nigeria
A cross-sectional serosurvey of 186 healthy and sick individuals between ages 3 and 72 years in Ekiti State, Nigeria was conducted for the presence of antibodies to hepatitis E virus (HEV) using a commercial enzyme immunoassay kit. Antibody to HEV was detected in 25(13.4%) of the samples analyzed. The prevalence of antibodies was greater among males (20%) than among females (11.3%) and increased with age for...
September 2009
Effect of Moringa oleifera seed extract on vital organs and tissue enzymes activities of male albino rats
The effect of various doses of aqueous extract of Moringa oleifera seed on the activities of some internal organs (heart, liver and kidney) and tissue enzymes of male albino rats was investigated. The safe level of the seed extract that would not cause an infarction in the liver of albino rat was less than 2 mg /ml concentration. Daily-dose administration of the Moringa seed treated water (1...
September 2009
Citric acid production: Surface culture versus submerged culture
Surface and submerged fermentation methods were used to produce citric acid byAspergillus niger using chemically defined media or cane molasses. Fermentation process parameters were optimized in pilot scale tower and tray fermenters. Fermentation was running from 10 - 20 days with pH controlled at 3 - 6.5. Citric acid concentrations varied from 60 - 100 g/L depending on the strain used, the substrate, the...
September 2009
Cold acid fast staining method: Efficacy in diagnosis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Ziehl Neelson, a carbol fuschin based stain, using the 3 component hot process is a standard staining technique for staining sputum smears for detection ofMycobacterium tuberculosis. We evaluated a 2 step cold staining method for detection of acid fast bacilli in sputum smears. 1836 sputum samples from patients of pulmonary tuberculosis were studied. Smears were prepared from each sample and slides were...
September 2009
Antimicrobial activity of the new endophytic Monodictys castaneae SVJM139 pigment and its optimization
The present research work was aimed to screen the endophytic fungal pigment against human pathogenic bacteria and optimize the most suitable medium with specific pH, temperature and elicitors to improve the growth and antimicrobial pigment production. Based on the morphological characters, the isolated strain SVJM139 was identified as Monodictys castaneae SVJM139. Among 13 media tested (Table 1), Czapek yeast...
September 2009
Phytochemical properties and antimicrobial activities of combined effect of extracts of the leaves of Garcinia kola, Vernonia amygdalina and honey on some medically important microorganisms
Warm water extracts of the leaves of Garcinia kola and Vernonia amygdalinasuspended in honey traditionally employed for the treatment of post circumcision wounds, fresh wounds and chronic skin ulcers was prepared and evaluated for its phytochemical properties and antimicrobial activities. The phytochemical analysis of the preparation revealed the presence of polyphenol, reducing sugars, tannins, glycoside,...
September 2009
Is there a relationship between glaucoma and helicobacter pylori?
To evaluate a possible relationship between glaucoma and Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection. One hundred thirty seven patients with Primary Open Angle Glaucoma (POAG), eighty-five control subjects and two hundred fifty subjects with gastric symptoms participated in a prospective, nonrandomized, comparative study. The presence of H. pylori infection in glaucoma patients, and glaucoma prevalence...
September 2009
Infection and genotype relationship in multiple sclerosis: Do Chlamydophila pneumoniae and human herpes virus-6 infections together with APO E alleles have a role in the etiopathogenesis of multiple sclerosis?
Despite numerous studies in many laboratories over several years, the etiology of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is still unknown. It was suggested that some infectious agents play a role in the etiology of MS. This study included 39 patients with MS, 10 patients with other neurological disorders (OND) and a control group of 42 healthy people. There was no significant difference between MS, OND and HC groups forChlamydophila...
September 2009
Prevalence of Campylobacter species in apparently healthy goats in Sokoto state (Northwestern) Nigeria
A total of 1312 rectal swabs (feacal) samples were collected from apparently healthy goats across Sokoto state and processed for Campylobacter organisms. 264 (20.1%) of the samples were positive and yielded 272 Campylobacter species.Campylobacter species isolated in this study were Campylobacter jejuni 169(62.1%),Campylobacter coli 58(21.3%), Campylobacter...
September 2009
Rapid detection of bacteria without cultivation with a portable bioluminescence sensor system
Based on the principle of ATP bioluminescence reaction, we designed a portable bioluminescence sensor system to detect bacteria in samples rapidly, which included an optical sensing cell, a flow injection unit and a center processing unit. A fast ATP extraction technique was developed by using trichloroacetic acid (TCA) as extraction reagent. Experimental results showed that the intracellular ATP could be released from...
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