Abstract

Carbon monoxide is a product of incomplete combustion of organic matter with insufficient oxygen supply to enable complete oxidation to carbon dioxide (CO₂) and is often produced in domestic or industrial settings. In this study the clinical manifestation, effects, diagnosis and toxicity of carbon monoxide poisoning were reviewed. Research suggests that the intracellular uptake of carbon monoxide is an important mechanism for neurologic damage. As a result upon the review of many articles and research journals, it is identified that carbon monoxide may be quantitated in blood using spectrophotometric methods or chromatographic techniques in order to confirm the diagnosis of poisoning in hospitalized victims or to assist in the forensic investigation of a case of fatal exposure. A brain computed tomography (CT) scan may be normal in early stages or show signs of cerebral edema. Public education on the safe operation of appliances, heaters, fireplaces and internal combustion engines is required for prevention of CO poisoning. Carbon monoxide detectors with alarms can improve home safety and their use is recommended by various safety organizations.

Key words: Carbon monoxide, toxicity, hemoglobin.