Abstract

Urinary infection is a common pathology in children. It constitutes the second cause of pediatric consultation after respiratory infections. It is a public health problem, with 150 million cases of urinary tract infections recorded worldwide every year. The objective of this study was to update data on the prevalence of bacteria isolated from urinary infections in children and determine the evolution of sensitivity to the different antibiotics prescribed in Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire. 118 cases of urinary tract infection were collected over a period of three years. The analysis was interpreted according to Kass criteria: leukocyturia>10?/ml and bacteriuria>10? germs/ml for single isolated bacteria. The isolated strains were subjected to an antibiogram using the Kirby Bauer agar medium method. The interpretation was made according to the standards of the antibiogram committee of the French Society of Microbiology (CA-SFM). The bacteria isolated were mainly enterobacteria led by Escherichia coli (44%) followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (12.7%). The sensitivity study globally showed a high rate of resistance to amoxicillin and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid with 79.6 and 64.4%, respectively. Cephalosporin resistance for cefuroxime, ceftazidime, cefixime, ceftriaxone and cefepime were 49.5, 38.1, 43.2, 44 and 34.7%, respectively. Resistance to third-generation cephalosporins by extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) production was 44.2%. Resistance to imipenem was 15.2% while that of amikacin was 2.5%.

Key words: Urinary tract infection, pediatrics, antibiotic resistance.