Baccaurea motleyana, commonly known as Rambai, is one of the plants in the Phyllanthaceae family, which has been known to have economic and medicinal importance in the Old World Tropics, especially in Southeast Asia. Traditionally, this plant has been used for various medicinal purposes, ranging from anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, and even anthelmintic activities. With about 1.5 billion people, including 300 million children worldwide, infected with helminth infections, there is a dire need for efficacious treatment alternatives. The present study aims to assess the anthelmintic activity of various extracts of Baccaurea motleyana leaves through a detailed phytochemical and pharmacognostical investigation. The study was based on maceration extraction of the leaves using a solvent gradient of water, ethyl acetate, and hexane. In-vitro, the anthelmintic activity was evaluated using the earthworm model Lumbricus terrestris, which is almost identical in structure and function to that of helminths. The three extracts tested exhibited considerable anthelmintic activity, dose-dependently. The ethyl acetate extract recorded the highest potency, particularly above the concentrations of the reference drug, albendazole. Conclusion: It has been inferred that the B.motleyana extracts have highly potential as an anthelmintic source. Motleyana have remarkable anthelmintic activity and thus deserve further studies to determine their pharmacological actions and potential use in combating parasitic diseases.

Keywords: Baccaurea motleyana, extracts, biological activities, phytoconstituent