Evaluation of the ventilatory function of Senegalese dental laboratory technicians
January 2024
The objective of this study was to assess the ventilatory function of Senegalese dental technicians by comparing them to a control group of healthy individuals not exposed to dental laboratory products. A cross-sectional descriptive and comparative study was conducted, and spirometric examinations were performed in the Respiratory Functional Investigation room of the Laboratory of Physiology and Functional Explorations,...
Contribution of high fat diet to the development of gestational diabetes mellitus in rats
March 2023
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a glucose intolerance resulting in hyperglycemia with onset or first recognition during pregnancy. High fat diet (HFD) is one of the contributing factors to GDM. This study evaluated the contribution of HFD in differential adipose tissue (AT) expansion and subsequent development of GDM in Wistar rats. Pregnant and non-pregnant rats were given streptozotocin (STZ) by a single...
Toxicological assessment of ethanolic extracts of Annona senegalensis and Trichilia prieureana in the treatment of type 2 diabetes in Benin
November 2022
The use of medicinal plants in traditional medicine is common practice in developing countries. However, such unregulated and unreasonable use may pose a risk in short or long-term toxicity to humans. The aim of this study was to investigate the phytochemical and toxicological characteristics of Annona senegalensis and Trichilia prieureana two plants from Benin, which are traditionally used for the treatment of colds,...
Acute toxicity profile of ethanolic extracts of Croton gratissimus Burch and Schrankia leptocarpa DC in rats: Medicinal plants used in the treatment of arterial hypertension in Beninese traditional medicine
February 2022
Croton gratissimus Burch. and Schrankia leptocarpa DC. are two plants from the Beninese flora which are traditionally used for the treatment of arterial hypertension. The present study investigated the acute toxicity of ethanolic extracts of these plants. The experiment was conducted according to OECD guideline 423 categories 5 using a single dose of 5000mg/kg of the extracts. The average lethal doses (LD50) of the...
Pathophysiological mechanisms of maternal pro-inflammatory mediators in preterm labour
February 2022
Available therapeutic interventions for managing preterm labour have not been consistently successful due to controversies related to its etiology. Multiple mechanisms, including inflammation play a significant role in the pathogenesis of preterm labour. The connective tissue extracellular matrix of the amniochorion contains collagen fibres that maintain the tensile strength of the amniochorion, resisting mechanical...
Intentional mismatch in primer design to stabilize discrimination of CFTR and adenovirus targets
August 2021
The purpose of this study was to apply an intentional mismatch design technique for primer-based detection of gene targets. In this study, wild-type versus mutant cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator alleles as well as two related adenovirus B7 and E4 genomes were used to test discrimination of primers. Lambda viral DNA genome template as well as published primers versus purified human genome template was...
Assessment of endothelial function in subjects with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome
August 2021
Obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) is characterized by recurrent episodes of interruption of ventilation responsible for hypoxemia, hypercapnia and hyper activation of the autonomic nervous system. Hypoxemia followed by re-oxygenation promotes the formation of free radicals, oxidative stress and vascular inflammation, leading to endothelial dysfunction. The objective of this cross-sectional study...
Antifertility effects of crude extracts from Acacia nilotica pods and Albizia lebbeck stem bark in female multimammate rats, Mastomys natalensis
July 2021
The study's main objective was to assess any pathophysiological significance of Acacia nilotica pods aqueous extract and Albizia lebbeck stem bark methanolic extract on the reproductive system of female multimammate rats (Mastomys natalensis). A total of 60 sexually mature female rats were randomized into a 2 × 3 factorial experimental design for treatments (Control, A. nilotica, and A. lebbeck) and treatment...
Adropin and irisin levels in a rat model of hypothyroidism
October 2020
No available data exists about the relation of adropin and irisin levels and body weight in hypothyroidism. This work was designed to investigate the relationship between irisin and adropin levels and thyroid hormones. 40 male rats were divided into 2 groups: Control (C) group (10 rats) and hypothyroid group (30 rats). After induction of hypothyroidism, 18 rats increased in body weight (Hypothyroid overweight HO) and 12...
Evaluation of ventilatory function of Senegalese patients with type 2 diabetes
November 2019
Diabetes is a common disease in sub-Saharan Africa. Complications associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus are due to macro-vascular and micro-vascular lesions. One of the less known complications of diabetes is impaired respiratory function. The objective of this study was to evaluate the ventilatory function of Senegalese type 2 diabetics. A total of Sixty-four women composed to 32 diabetic subjects and 32 healthy...
Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids confer protection against gentamicin-induced testicular injury: Novel insights into possible mechanisms
September 2019
Gentamicin (GM) is an aminoglycoside that has harmful effects on the male germ cells and sperm quality. N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) are natural antioxidants that influence cell signaling and inflammation. Heme-oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and heat shock proteins (HSP) aid in cellular protection against cellular insults. This study aimed to explore the potential alleviating influences of treatment with n-3 PUFA on...
Carpolobia lutea methanol root extract reinstates androgenesis and testicular function in cadmium-challenged rats
May 2019
Cadmium produces a wide range of biological dysfunctions in human and laboratory animals where it chiefly affects the testes, whereas, Carpolobia lutea has been known to have antioxidant benefits. This study was intended to investigate the effects of Carpolobia lutea root extracts on testicular hormone function in cadmium-challenged male rats. 48 male Wistar rats (170-190 g) were divided into six groups, each containing...
Evaluation of the cytoprotective effects of anti-ulcer agents in acid-alcohol induced gastric ulceration in wistar rats
May 2019
Adequate studies have been done using proton pump inhibitors and H2-receptor antagonist and only few studies for cyto-protective and gastric acid secretions have been done in Nigeria. Therefore this work studied the cyto-protective and gastric acid secretory effects of rabeprazole, ranitidine, omeprazole and cimetidine in wistar rats. 28 male wistar rats of weights 300 to 400 g were recruited and randomly divided into...
Preliminary study of physiopathological changes associated with the ethanolic extract of the stem leaves of Phyllanthus amarus in rats
March 2018
The present work aimed to investigate physiopathological changes associated with the ethanolic extract of the stem leaves of Phyllanthus amarus (EEt(OH) P.a. Exploratory tests are performed in vivo on Wistar albino rats. Analysis of the variation in body weight at the level of the batch having received, and the control group showed a slight weight drop 7 d after treatment. This variation is not significant (p>0.05)....
Oxytocin ameliorates the deleterious effect of pain in adult male rats
January 2017
Oxytocin (OXT) is a neuropeptide with a peripheral role in reproduction, though it may have a central effect. The aim of the study is to verify its cental pathophysiological mechanisms on experimental rats. Rats were divided into control, OXT (which divided into intrathecal OXT and IV OXT subgroups), and antagonist group: OXT and l-glutamate Na+ subgroup with measuring of pain threshold, cardiovascular changes, and pain...
Age-related effects of lead poisoning on sex hormones in adult male Wistar rats
July 2016
The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that, about a quarter of the diseases facing mankind today occur due to prolonged exposure to environmental pollution, and that most of these environment-related diseases are however, not easily detected and may be acquired during childhood and manifested later in adulthood. The aim of this work was to determine the sub-chronic effects of lead poisoning on and some sex...
Preliminary study on the establishment of reference intervals for serum prolactin for women in Zaria, Nigeria
May 2016
The interpretation of prolactin results is difficult as race related reference intervals are scarce, especially in Nigerian women. Serum prolactin reference intervals were determined from 120 subjects. Subjects were randomly selected from antenatal clinics and general outpatient clinics in one private hospital and three government hospitals in Zaria, Northern Nigeria. They consisted of six groups made up of women that...
Comparative study of three methods for QT interval correction in African national level football players
March 2016
The aim of this study was to compare three correction methods of QT interval in African national level football players. QT interval was measured in D2 lead on resting electrocardiogram (ECG) in 216 Black male football players (age range 18 to 35 years). Corrected QT (QTc) was calculated using Bazett, Fridericia, and Framingham’s formulas. Means and percentages of long QT (QTc>440 ms and QTc≥470 ms) and...
Effects of Gmelina arborea, Roxb (Verbenaceae) aqueous extract on arterial pressure of Wistar rats
January 2016
In this study, the effect of Gmelina arborea aqueous extract, a medicinal plant used in the treatment of hypertension, on rat blood pressure was investigated. After harvest, leaves of G. arborea were dried, reduced in powder and used for aqueous extract preparation. The aqueous extract was administrated at 500 mg/kg/day to Wistar rats, which has been made hypertensive by NG-Nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME),...
Effects of exogenous ghrelin on experimental reflux esophagitis model in male rat
July 2015
Reflux esophagitis is a common gastrointestinal disorder that affects the quality of life in patients. Esophagitis is a chronic disease that leads to inflammation of the esophagus. Ghrelin is a 28-amino acid peptide that has several endocrine and metabolic effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of ghrelin on the esophagitis. Eighteen wistar rats were divided into three groups of six. Midline...
Association of atherogenic indices and abdominal obesity indices among non obese adults in Zaria, Northern Nigeria
March 2015
Prior epidemiological studies and comparative analyses of correlations between abdominal obesity and dyslipidemia have been limited to obese participants but few data are available for the non-obese adults of this study population. This study examined the associations between atherogenic and obesity indices among non-obese adults of Samaru, a suburb of Zaria in Kaduna state, Nigeria. The study protocol was duly approved...
Attenuation of allergic airways inflammation by an extract of Hymenocardia acida
November 2014
Tracheal hyperresponsiveness, airway mucus production and bronchoalveolar inflammation are the major components of asthma. Here, we aim to investigate the role in the control of asthma of a bioactive plant extracted from Hymenocardia acida in a physiological and pathophysiological model. The effect of H. acida crude extract (HACE) on total cellular components of bronchoalveolar (BAL) fluids was performed on ovalbumin...
Protective effect of ghrelin on paracetamol induced acute hepatotoxicity in rats
August 2014
In this study we investigated if ghrelin plays a protective role against paracetamol-induced acute hepatotoxicity in rats and the possible mechanism of action. Forty adult male albino rats were divided into four equal groups; control, ghrelin, paracetamol and ghrelin plus paracetamol. Evaluations were made for lipid peroxidation, enzyme activities and biochemical parameters. Liver histopathology was also performed....
Evaluation of the height of premenopausal and postmenopausal women in Zaria, Nigeria
May 2014
Excessive height loss in postmenopausal women (PMW) has been found to reflect low bone mass; an index helpful in predicting vertebral fractures. One hundred and sixty five women were recruited for the cross-sectional study comprising of 77 premenopausal women who served as control and 88 PMW who constituted the study group. The subjects were administered a questionnaire after obtaining informed consent. While their...
Cardio protective effects of Nigella sativa oil on lead induced cardio toxicity: Anti inflammatory and antioxidant mechanism
December 2013
The present study aimed to evaluate cardio-protective effect of Nigella sativa oil (NSO) on lead induced cardio toxicity. Forty five albino adult rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: control lead (Pb) group that received lead acetate (20 mg/kg/day) 3 times weekly for 8 weeks and PB + NSO group (rats pretreated with Nigella sativa oil (4 ml/kg) orally for 1 h before administration of lead acetate (given as in Pb...
Neurotoxicity of arsenite (As III): In vitro electrophysiological approach to studying neural activity in rat brain slices
December 2013
Arsenite (Arsenic III) is ubiquitous and a widely distributed environmental toxin implicated in the aetiology of several neurological disorders. It is found in sea food, chemicals and pesticides. As(III) is also a mitochondria poison that induces reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation and membrane distortion. This study is aimed at proposing an in vitro method to detecting neural activity in rat’s brain treated...
Knowledge of computer vision syndrome among computer users in the workplace in Abuja, Nigeria
September 2013
Quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the level of knowledge and extent of computer vision syndrome (CVS) among computer users at the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), Abuja, Nigeria. Structured questionnaire was administered to 100 computer users aged between 18 and 40 years. The findings showed that 40% of the participants were aware of CVS; of which 27% had knowledge of...
The pathogenesis and pathophysiology of type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus
September 2013
The aim of this paper is to review the information on type 1 and type 2 diabetes with emphasis on its etiology, pathogenesis and pathophysiology via literature review. Diabetes is a group of metabolic disorders characterized by a chronic hyperglycemic condition resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action or both. Type 1 diabetes is the result of an autoimmune reaction to proteins of the islets cells of...
High-sensitivity C-reactive protein a surrogate marker of insulin resistance
April 2013
High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) is predictor of cardiovascular disease (heart attack, stroke) in apparently healthy individuals (Pfützner et al., 2004). Very few studies have specifically evaluated the usefulness of hsCRP as a marker of insulin resistance in normoglycemic young adults. The aim of this study was to assess whether hsCRP can be used to detect insulin resistance in normoglycemic...
Differential inhibition of agonists-induced tracheal contraction after in vitro enriched-extracts treatment
April 2013
In our previous studies, pharmacological actions of Senegalese plants on the modulation of tracheal contractile responses induced by acetylcholine were demonstrated. Here, we aim to demonstrate whether the pharmacological effects previously observed, could be obtained with other contractile agonists, such as histamine and potassium chloride (KCI), in the isolated trachea after treatment with the same...
A research analysis on blood component usage and wastage in blood bank and blood component center
March 2013
A comparative analysis of blood component usage and wastage was performed in the Nukem Blood Bank and Rotary Suzlon Blood Component Center, Haria L. G. Rotary Hospital (Vapi) during 2007 and 2008. Reasons for wastage of blood components and trends for reducing blood component wastage...
Changes in haematological parameters of children aged 5 to 18 years in Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire
March 2013
The Millennium Development Goals include an aspect of children's health. The main purpose of this study was to indicate possible changes in different blood cells on one hand and secondly to establish standards of various parameters of the counts in the blood. The study involved 1,157 children aged 5 to 18 years in four selected municipalities of Abidjan. Blood sampling was done fasting in the morning,...
Effect of yogic exercise on respiratory system in middle aged men
February 2013
The aim of this paper is to study the effect of yogic exercise on respiratory system in middle aged men. The objective of the study is to assess respiratory parameter in both groups. For the study, we selected 90 healthy volunteers between age group 35 to 50. They were divided into 2 groups: 1) control group (45); and 2) study group (yoga) (45). Control group did not perform any exercise or yoga during 6...
Matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9 reduce epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) activity at pleural mesothelium
February 2013
The aim of the study was to investigate if Matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2) and Matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) influence epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) current. Pleural membranes from sheep were mounted at Ussing chambers and were voltage-clamped. MMP2 and MMP9 were applied apically to the pleural membranes and amiloride was added to all experiments. All values are expressed as mean ± standard...
Apoptosis: Current therapeutic approach in retinitis pigmentosa
September 2012
Apoptosis is a genetically programmed mechanism of cell death in which the cell activates a specific set of instructions that lead to the deconstruction of the cell from within. Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) represents a group of hereditary retinal degenerations principally characterized by progressive rod-dominant photoreceptor degeneration in the initial stage and eventual cone photoreceptor degeneration in...
Benign cystadenofibroma of the fallopian tube: A case report
May 2012
Neoplasms of the fallopian tube are the rarest site for tumors in the female genital tract. Cystadenofibromas of the fallopian tube are rare tumors of the female genital tract with only 15 cases reported worldwide. These tumors are usually asymptomatic and are found incidentally. We are reporting a case of serous cystadenofibroma in a 20 year old woman who underwent emergency LSCS with bilateral tube...
The study of 24 h post treatment effects of the aqueous extract of Rosmarinus officinalis after renal ischemia/reperfusion in rat
March 2012
Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) induced acute renal failure (ARF), causes renal functional and histological disorders. This study investigated the effect of oral Rosemary extract on ARF disorders in rat. Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats were used in 4 groups (n=10) as control, sham, I/R with gavage feeding normal saline, and I/R with gavage feeding of 8% aqueous extract of Rosemary (10 ml/kg/day). ARF was induced by...
Study of susceptibility to oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) in the population of West Bengal at XRCC 1 (Arg399Gln) by RFLP
March 2012
Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is a chronic insidious disease characterized by irreversible generalized fibrosis of the oral soft tissues. It is a debilitating disease of the oral cavity characterized by inflammation and progressive fibrosis of the sub mucosal tissues (lamina propria and deeper connective tissues). It results in marked rigidity and an eventual inability to open the mouth. 10% of the cases...
Content validity of first M.B.B.S physiology examinations and it’s comparison with teaching hours devoted for different sub-divisions of physiology
January 2012
Scientific studies confirm that it is the evaluation system rather than educational objectives, curriculum or instructional techniques that have the most profound impact on students learning. The present study was done to find out the coverage of different sub-divisions of physiology in written examination and its comparison with the teaching hours devoted to the teaching of each topic. For the analyses of...
Developmental biology in Holy Quran
January 2012
Developmental biology such as human reproduction and development are scattered throughout the Qur'an. It is only recently that the scientific meaning of some of these verses has been appreciated fully. The long delay in interpreting these verses correctly resulted mainly from inaccurate translations and commentaries and from a lack of awareness of scientific knowledge. In the Holy Qur'an, God speaks...
Apoptosis: Current therapeutic approach in retinitis pigmentosa
October 2011
Apoptosis is a genetically programmed mechanism of cell death in which the cell activates a specific set of instructions that lead to the deconstruction of the cell from within. Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) represents a group of hereditary retinal degenerations principally characterized by progressive rod-dominant photoreceptor degeneration in the initial stage and eventual cone photoreceptor degeneration in...
Comparative evaluation of serum soluble endoglin level in preeclampsia and normotensive pregnant women
October 2011
This study was conducted to evaluate the serum soluble endoglin (CD105) levels in preeclamptic and normotensive pregnant women after 22 weeks of pregnancy. One hundred pregnant women from 22 weeks of gestation till term were divided into 2 groups in this case control study. Group I included 50 women with features of preeclampsia while Group II had 50 gestationally matched normotensive controls. Soluble...
Effect of different sitting posture on pulmonary function in students
July 2011
The purpose of this study was to investigate changes that occur in pulmonary function when postural changes in the sagittal plane are made in a seated position in students. This cross sectional analytical study was done randomly on 20 boys from Iran, and the results of a forced expiratory manouvre in these young healthy subjects were compared according to body posture. Twenty able-bodied...
Ultraviolet B radiation (UV-B) and the growth and skeletal development of the Amazonian milk frog (Trachycephalus resinifictrix) from metamorphosis
July 2011
In captivity some anurans can show poor growth and skeletal development due to inadequate levels of UV-B radiation. From metamorphosis for 84 days the growth and skeletal development of Amazonian milk frogs (Trachycephalus resinifictrix) were assessed between treatments receiving daily UV-B (UV/daily), intense UV-B for 30 min every two weeks (UV/boost), or no UV-B (control). At 14 day intervals snout-urostyle...
Arabidopsis thaliana thylakoid lumen 18.3 protein gene is up-regulated during dehydration
May 2011
Selaginella tarmariscina is a resurrection plant and we have cloned several genes for dehydration in S. tarmariscina through differential display. One of the gene (DQ471954) which has 68% homology with Arabidopsis thaliana thylakoid lumen 18.3 kDa protein (TLP18.3) gene. This gene has a domain of unknown function (DUF477) which is a family of uncharacterized protein. The expression...
Respiratory physiology training in Tanzania: Need to focus on primary respiratory care
May 2011
Effective management of Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) by General Practitioners is likely to be compromised by respiratory physiology training that has main focus on acute respiratory diseases with high mortality and little focus on empowering medical and nursing students and practitioners on respiratory care. Results of this study indicate that lack of responsiveness of respiratory physiology...
Frequency of celiac disease in Egyptian patients with chronic diarrhea: Endoscopic, histopathologic and immunologic evaluation
February 2011
Chronic diarrhea is one of the major presenting features of celiac disease (CD), the frequency of CD in patients with chronic diarrhea in Egypt remains unknown. The aim of this study is to determine the frequency of CD among Egyptian patients with chronic diarrhea. This study included 113 adult patients with chronic non-bloody diarrhea that attended the Tropical Medicine and Gastroenterology Department,...
Renal ischemia /reperfusion injury in type II DM: Possible role of proinflammatory cytokines, apoptosis, and nitric oxide
February 2011
Diabetes mellitus (DM) especially type II is a major health problem and diabetic nephropathy is the main cause of end stage renal disease (ESRD). Renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is common in diabetic patients. Recent studies reported increased vulnerability of kidney to I/R injury in diabetic rats. Mechanisms behind this increased vulnerability not fully understood. The present study...
Mosquitocidal bacterial toxins (Bacillus sphaericus and B. thuringiensis serovar israelensis): Mode of action, cytopathological effects and mechanism of resistance
November 2010
Bacillus sphaericus Neide (Bs) and Bacillus thuringiensis serovar israelensisdeBarjac (Bti) provide effective alternatives to broad spectrum larvicides in many situations with little or no environmental impact. Taking into account environmental benefits including safety for humans and other non-target organisms, reduction of pesticide residues in the aquatic environment,...
Serum testosterone and morphology of the testes in wistar rats following chronic garlic feeding
November 2010
Garlic (Allium sativum) is a popular spice usually eaten raw or cooked in various doses and its potential medical properties have been recognized for thousands of years (Agarwal, 1996). Testosterone is a steroid hormone from the androgen group. 21 adult male wistar albino rats were randomly divided into control, test 1 and test 2 groups. The test 1and test 2 groups received oral doses of 1.4 and 2.4 ml...
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