Journal of
Toxicology and Environmental Health Sciences

  • Abbreviation: J. Toxicol. Environ. Health Sci.
  • Language: English
  • ISSN: 2006-9820
  • DOI: 10.5897/JTEHS
  • Start Year: 2009
  • Published Articles: 215

Full Length Research Paper

Determination of pesticide residue levels in some common food crops: The suitability for human consumption

Ujuamala Uloma Ezeani
  • Ujuamala Uloma Ezeani
  • Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria.
  • Google Scholar
Onyemaechi Johnson Afonne
  • Onyemaechi Johnson Afonne
  • Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Clinical Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria.
  • Google Scholar
Michael Chukwudi Ezeani
  • Michael Chukwudi Ezeani
  • Immunology Department, Faculty of Basic Clinical Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria.
  • Google Scholar
Ben Enoluomen Ehigiator
  • Ben Enoluomen Ehigiator
  • Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Madonna University, Nigeria.
  • Google Scholar


  •  Received: 21 July 2021
  •  Accepted: 20 December 2021
  •  Published: 30 April 2022

References

Aulakh RS, Gill JP, Bedi J, Shrma JK, Joia BS, Ockerman HW (2006). Organochlorine pesticides residues in poultry feed chicken muscle and eggs at poultry farm in Punjab, India. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 86(5):741-744.
Crossref

 

Akoto O, Gavor S, Appah MK , Apau J (2015). Estimation of human health risk associated with the consumption of pesticide-contaminated vegetables from Kumasi, Ghana. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 187(5):1-9.
Crossref

 
 

Awofadeji S (2008). Nigeria: food poisoning: how many more will have to die? This Day Online Newspaper 2:23.

View

 
 

Bassil KI, Vakil C, Sanborn M, Cole DC, Kaur JS, Kerr KJ (2007). Cancer health effects of pesticides: systematic review. Canadian Family Physician 53(10):1704-1711.

 
 

Damalas CA (2009). Understanding benefits and risks of pesticide use. Scientific Research and Essays 4(10) :945-949.

 
 

Damalas CA, Eleftherohorinos IG (2011). Pesticide exposure, safety issues, and risk assessment indicators. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 8(5):1402-1419.
Crossref

 
 

Enserink M , Hines PJ, vignieri S N, Wigginton, N S, Yeston JS (2013). The pesticide paradox. Science 341(6147):728-729.
Crossref

 
 

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) (1994). Sampling equipment decontamination. Sop#: 2006

 
 

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) (1999). Chlorpyrifos fate and environmental risk assessment. U.S. Government printing office, Washington,DC, USA.

 
 

Etonihu AC, Aminu BA, Ambo A, Etonihu K (2011). Iodine content and pesticide residues of some Nigerian food grains Continent. Journal of Agricultural Science 5(1):26-32.

 
 

Ezeani MC, Onyenekwe CC, Meludu SC, Akujobi CA, Ifeanyichukwu MO, Ezeani UU (2017). Analysis of Circulating Immune Complexes and Detection of Microbial Antigenic Components in Breast Tumours in Anambra State Nigeria. Cancer Research Journal 5(1):1-8.
Crossref

 
 

Grewal AS (2017). Pesticide residues in food grains, vegetables and fruits: a hazard to human health. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry and Toxicology 2(1):40-46.
Crossref

 
 

Gunnell D, Eddleston M (2003). Suicide by intentional ingestion of pesticides: a continuing tragedy in developing countries. International Journal of Epidemiology 32(6):902-909.
Crossref

 
 

Igiri AO, Ekong MB, Ogan CA, Odey CA (2009). Body mass index measure of young adult nigerian residents in the calabar metropolis. The Internet Journal of Biological Anthropology 2(2):1-4.
Crossref

 
 

Ikpeme EV, Okonko IE , Udensi OU (2016). Detrimental effects of chlorpyrifos and cypermethrin on reproductive physiology of male albino rats. Research Journal of Environmental Toxicology 10(1):68.
Crossref

 
 

Jurewicz J, Hanke W (2008). Prenatal and childhood exposure to pesticides and neurobehavioral development: review of epidemiological studies. International journal of occupational medicine and environmental health 21(2):121-132.
Crossref

 
 

Lama JP(2008). Standard setting on pesticide residues to ensure food safety. Journal of Agriculture and Environment (9):46-53.
Crossref

 
 

Lehotay S, Mastovska, K (2011). Determination of pesticide residues. 

 
 

Lovanh NC, Ruiz-aguilar G, Rothrock jr, MJ, Cook KL(2012). Utilization of poultry litter for pesticide bioremediation. Applied research in animal manure management: challenges and opportunities beyond the adverse environmental impacts pp. 285-295). Nova Science Publishers New York.

 
 

Matthews G, Wiles T, Baleguel P (2003). A survey of pesticides application in Cameroon. Crop Protection 22(5):707-714.
Crossref

 
 

Miller GT (2004). Sustaining the Earth: An Integrated Approach. Brooks/Cole.

 
 

Miller GT, Spoolmal SE (2012). Sustaining the earth: an integrated approach. 10th ed. California: brooks/cole, Cengage learning.

 
 

Gwary OM, Hati SS, Dimariand GA, Ogugbuaja VO (2011). Pesticide residues in bean samples from Northeastern Nigeria. Significance 1:2.

 
 

Onojoh PK, Nsi EW, Aliyu AOC (2013). Determination of Residual contents of pesticides in Rice Plant and Rice Grains (Oriza Sativa) From Four different regions of Omala LGA, KOGI State, Nigeria. The International Journal's Research Journal of Science.

 
 

Recena MCP ,Caldas ED (2008). Risk perception, attitudes and practices on pesticide use among farmers of a city in midwestern Brazil. Revista de Saude Publica 42:294-301.
Crossref

 
 

Reffstrup TK, Larsen JC, Meyer O (2010). Risk assessment of mixtures of pesticides. Current approaches and future strategies. Regulatory toxicology and Pharmacology 56(2):174-192.
Crossref

 
 

Sanborn M, Kerr KJ, Sanin IH, Cole DC, Bassil KL, Vakil C (2007). Non-cancer health effects of pesticides: systematic review and implications for family doctors. Canadian Family Physician 53(10):1712-1720.

 
 

Shem OW (2001). Use and distribution of organochlorines pesticides. The future in Africa. Pure and Applied Chemistry, 73(7):1147-1155.
Crossref

 
 

Thai agricultural standard tas 9025-2008(TAST) (2008). Methods of sampling for the determination of pesticide residues. National bureau of agricultural commodity and food standards ministry of agriculture and cooperatives ics 03.120.30 isbn

View

 
 

Wallace H, Andrew S, Thomas S, Hammack (2003). Bam chapter 1: food sampling/preparation of sample homogenate. u.s food and drug administration.

View

 
 

Walter JC (2009). Chlorinated pesticides: threats to health and importance of detection. Alternative Medicine Review 14(4).

 
 

Wang HS, Sthiannopkao S, Du j, Chen ZJ, Kim KW, Yasin MSM., Hashim JH, Wong KC, Wong MH(2011). Daily intake and human risk assessment of organochlorine pesticides (ocps) based on cambodian market basket data. Journal of Hazardous Materials 192(3):1441-1449.
Crossref

 
 

Wolde M, Abirdew S (2019). The significance and implications of pesticide residue on fruits and vegetables in Ethiopia: An overview, American Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering 7(6):71-81.
Crossref

 
 

World Health Organization (WHO) (2002). The world health report 2002: reducing risks, promoting healthy life.

 
 

World Health Organization/Food and Agriculture Organization (WHO/FAO) (2010a). Food standards programme, codex alimentarius commission .

 
 

World Health Organization/Food and Agriculture Organization (WHO/FAO) (2010). Pesticide residues in food: maximum residue limits, extraneous maximum residue limits. Rome, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.