Two step growth process of iron-platinum (FePt) nanoparticles
May 2012
In this paper, FePt nanocrystals have been prepared by adding LiBEt3H to the phenyl ether solution of FeCl2. 4H2O and Pt(acac)2 precursors in the presence of oleic acid and oleylamine surfactants and 1,2-hexadecanediol as the reducing reagent at 195°C, followed by refluxing at 245°C by sol process. Similarly, Pt nanoparticles were made by adding 1, 2-hexadecanediol as the reducing reagent to the...
A study on determination of the factors affecting dwelling choice: Düzce Toki housing area, Turkey
May 2012
The aim of this study is to define the factors affecting the choice of dwelling and to analyse the effect of user properties. For this purpose, a questionnaire was conducted to 215 users chosen randomly in the dwelling built by Düzce TOKÄ°. The gained data were transferred to computer environment with SPSS 16.00 program, and factor and variance analyses was carried out. At the end of the factor analysis,...
A new approach to Kudryashov’s method for solving some nonlinear physical models
May 2012
In this paper, we give a new version of the Kudryashov's method for solving non-integrable partial differential equations in mathematical physics. Some exact solutions including 1-soliton and singular soliton solutions of the equation with generalized evolution and time dependent damping and dispersion are obtained by using this new approach. Key words: equation with...
The effect of heat treatment on some chemical properties and colour in Scots pine and UludaÄŸ fir wood
May 2012
Heat treatment is often applied to some wood species to improve the dimensional stability of the wood. In this study, the effects of heat treatment on the colour of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and UludaÄŸ fir [Abies Nordmanniana (Stev.) subsp. Bornmuelleriana (Mattf.)] were examined. These species have a high potential for industrial usage and are found on large...
Performance of date palm fibres reinforced plaster concrete
May 2012
This paper describes an investigation on the use of a new composite construction material composed of plaster, sand, crushed gravel and date palm fibres of waste agriculture peels, having mechanical properties potentially useful in technical domains. Thermal conductivity and some mechanical and physical properties are investigated. The results showed that the incorporated vegetable...
Newtonian heating and magnetohydrodynamic effects in flow of a Jeffery fluid over a radially stretching surface
May 2012
The combined effects of Newtonian heating and magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) in a flow of a Jeffery fluid are analyzed in stagnation point flow over a radially stretching surface. The governing equations are modeled by invoking boundary layer analysis. The computed solution by a homotopy approach is valid in the spatial domain. Graphical results for the velocity and temperature fields are displayed and...
Transmission properties in chiral metamaterials
May 2012
Transmission properties of chiral metamaterials are investigated through the loss factor. Besides the amplitudes of transmission coefficients of right and left circularly polarized waves, the phases are the other main keys to control the refractive index and chirality of the chiral media, directly affecting the loss factor (LF). The LF is low when the phase combination of circular waves is large. This can be...
Factors affecting implementation of hospital management information systems in Pakistan
May 2012
Information technology is not being optimally incorporated in developing countries for improving healthcare practices and the implementation problems have been so portrayed that it has further reduced investors’ confidence in hospital management information systems (HMIS). The purpose of this study was to ascertain the actual impact of various factors on HMIS in Pakistan for which an exploratory study...
Low cost front-end readout electronic for instrumentation used in neutron experiments
May 2012
In the field of material characterization, the neutron scattering technique is found to be useful in so many applications. This technique requires a position sensitive neutron detector (PSND) and their front-end readouts (FER) electronic to detect the position of neutron interactions. Normally, the PSND is designed for specific applications and has unique technical specifications. Therefore, it requires a...
Rigorous version of ınfinitesimal deformation approach to the crystallography of fcc ® bcc martensitic phase transformation observed in Fe-31 wt % Ni and zirconia alloys
May 2012
Following the mathematical approach of Kelly (2003), rigorous version of infinitesimal deformation approach (ID) was applied to analyze fcc ® bcc martensitic phase transformation observed in Fe-31wt% Ni alloys considering the twinning shear system as the lattice invariant system (LIS). The expressions for crystallographical parameters associated with the martensitic phase transformation such as habit...
Procedure for treatment of hazardous waste by MID-MIX procedure in Serbia
May 2012
This paper presents adequate treatment characteristics of the problem of hazardous waste while providing a specific example of the problem. Hazardous waste being discussed here is galvanic sludge. Furthermore, not only is the hazardous waste problem within a company discussed, but also on a national level. The MID-MIX® procedure was chosen and described as an optimal solution for adequate hazardous waste...
Methodology to Size an Optimal Standalone Hybrid Solar-Wind-Battery System using Genetic Algorithm
May 2012
This paper presents a methodology to calculate the optimal size of a stand-alone hybrid Wind- photovoltaic (PV)-Battery system. The study was interested in the influence of the wind and solar potential and the shape of the load profile on the optimal configuration. The collection of one year of wind speed, solar radiation and ambient temperature, recorded every hour in Kayar and Potou located in the...
Modeling and characterization of all possible triple pass EDFA configurations
May 2012
The main purpose of designing multi-stage erbium-doped fiber amplifiers (EDFAs) is to achieve higher gain and lower noise figure for long haul optical communication. Among the multi-stage EDFAs, triple pass EDFAs were chosen in this research. This paper presents all possible triple pass EDFA configurations. The well-established one-stage mathematical models were modified to design two-stage and...
A new technique for characterization of epileptic spikes using wavelet transform and neural network
May 2012
A technique proposed for the automatic detection of spikes in electroencephalograms (EEG). The important features of the raw EEG data were extracted using two methods: Wavelet transform and energy estimation. This data was normalized and given as input to the neural network, which was trained using back propagation algorithm. Energy estimation was used as an amplitude threshold parameter. The wavelet...
Minimal and maximal bi-ideals in ordered ternary semigroups
May 2012
In this paper, some characterizations of minimal and maximal bi-ideals of ordered ternary semigroups were given. Moreover, the results of minimal and maximal bi-ideals of ordered ternary semigroups to ordered n-ary semigroups were generalized. Key words: Bi-ideals, minimal bi-ideals, maximal bi-ideals, ordered ternary semigroups, ordered n-ary semigroups.
An estimation of time-varying signal frequency using recent finite observations
May 2012
For estimating a time-varying signal frequency, an alternative estimator with a finite memory structure is proposed. The proposed estimator is developed under a maximum likelihood criterion using only the most recent finite observations on the window. The proposed estimator is first represented in a batch form, and then in a recursive form for computational advantage. The proposed estimator is shown...
The stored heat in a solar pond for salt production in Northeast Thailand
May 2012
This research presents the experimental study of heat extraction from solar pond with thermosyphonic coils for salt production in Northeast Thailand. The solar pond has an area of 30 m3. The thermophonic coil consisted of 15 U-shaped high density polyethylene (HDPE) tubes with a diameter of 25.4 mm. All 15 U-shaped HDPE tubes were connected to the upper side of each element and then connected to the upper...
Pyrimidine derivatives as environmentally-friendly corrosion inhibitors: A review
May 2012
The perpetual quest for more efficient and environment friendly corrosion inhibitors remain a focal point in corrosion control. The use of organic compounds to inhibit corrosion has assumed great significance due to their vast applications in counteracting wastage of ferrous alloys. These compounds have shown great effectiveness for inhibiting aqueous corrosion due to film formation by adsorption on the metal...
Production and purification of horseradish peroxidase in Pakistan
May 2012
Horseradish peroxidase is heme containing enzyme belonging to oxidoreductases and is involved in degradation of certain recalcitrant organic compounds like phenol and substituted phenol via free radical polymerization. Peroxidase was extracted and purified from horseradish by (NH4)2SO4 precipitation, dialysis and gel filtration chromatography. Spectrophotometer was used for the assay of horseradish...
Groundwater exploration in the basement of Lake-Iro District-Chad, using electrical resistivity imaging approach
May 2012
The complex geological setting of groundwater systems in the Lake-Iro District (LID) gives cause for the adoption and application of a systematic methodological approach in groundwater exploration utilizing effective geophysical techniques. Among these geophysical methods, the electrical resistivity imaging (ERI) method has been found to be the most suitable for this kind of environmental...
An attempt to solve neutron transport equation inside supercritical water nuclear reactors using the Boubaker Polynomials Expansion Scheme
May 2012
In this paper, we use a polynomial scheme for solving the system of nonlinear boundary value problems associated with nuclear fission inside supercritical water nuclear reactors. The results are calculated in terms of series with easily computable components. The suggested method is applied without any discretization or transformation, but under some restrictive assumptions. To illustrate the implementation...
Generation of analytical fragility curves for Ghanaian non-ductile reinforced concrete frame buildings
May 2012
This study is on seismic safety evaluation of non-ductile reinforced concrete (RC) frame buildings in Ghana. Generic 3-, 4- and 6-storey non-ductile RC buildings were characterised for assessment. The generic buildings were designed according to British Standard (BS) 8110. The fragility curve parameters were generated using inelastic time history analyses for seismic demand and inelastic pushover analyses for...
Effects of die shape modifications on the geometrical and dimensional accuracies of cold forged AUV propeller blade
May 2012
Geometrical and dimensional accuracies are two major concerns in precision forging and they become more critical with increasing part complexity. In this study, the geometrical error of an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) propeller blade is quantified by comparing the blade and punch profiles. The nominal geometry of the blade is compared to the blade profile measured using the optical...
Water stress effect on spring rapeseed cultivars yield and yield components in winter planting
May 2012
Since the most widespread limiting factor in agricultural production is water stress, a two year field experiment was carried out in Karaj, Iran during 2008 to 2010 growing seasons to assess the effect of water stress on yield and yield components of spring rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) cultivars in winter planting to find the most tolerant cultivars. The experiments was laid out in a...
Synthesis and characterization of hydroxyapatite nanocrystal and gelatin doped with Zn2+ and cross linked by glutaraldehyde
May 2012
Different nanocrystals of hydroxyapatite-[HAp]-gelatin [GEL], HAp/GEL/Glutaraldehyde (GA), HAp/GEL/Zn and HAp/GEL/GA/Zn were prepared using the biomimetic process. The nanocrystals were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD). The FT-IR spectra of HAp/GEL nanocrystal materials are similar to the spectrum of real...
Two-dimensional simulation of flow pattern around a groyne using semi-implicit semi-Lagrangian method
May 2012
In this article, a numerical model was obtained in a two dimensional flow pattern simulation around a groyne. The model approximates the depth-averaged, shallow water equations with a finite volume, semi-implicit and semi-Lagrangian representation. Runge-Kutta scheme was used for departure point determination. The results showed that numerical model has high stability and efficiency. Also, numerical...
Physical and geotechnical characterization of unconsolidated sediments associated with the 2005 Mbonjo landslide, Limbe, Cameroon
May 2012
Laboratory analyses of unconsolidated sediments from the ruptured zone of the 2005 Mbonjo Landslide scar were carried out to characterize and evaluate their role as contributory factors in enhancing the slide. Colour, particle size (PS) and particle size distribution (PSD), Atterberg limits [liquid limit (LL), plastic limit (PL) and plasticity index (PI)] and basic geotechnical properties [bulk density...
Geochronological dating and stratigraphic sequences of Harrat Lunayyir, NW Saudi Arabia
May 2012
Harrat Lunayyir is a basaltic volcanic field in NW Saudi Arabia. Lava flows are basaltic to basanitic in composition, and the Holocene flows are alkali olivine basalts. The volcanic field contains about 50 cones that were constructed on Precambrian crystalline rocks along an N-S axis. The dominantly basaltic lavas of Harrat Lunayyir have been divided based on their erosion characteristics into two...
A relativistic model for the light baryon masses in hypercentral potential and spin-flavor dependence
April 2012
In this paper, we studied the light baryon resonances spectrum within a relativistically quark model based on Dirac equation and generalized Gürsey Radicati mass formula (GR). For exact solving of the Dirac equation for our proposed hypercentral confining potential analytically, we used the Ansatz approach. The results of our model show that the light baryons spectrums are fairly well reproduced,...
Comparative modeling of CO2 laser cutting using multiple regression analysis and artificial neural network
April 2012
In this paper, empirical modeling of surface roughness in CO2 laser cutting of mild steel using the multiple regression analysis (MRA) and artificial neural network (ANN) waspresented. To cover wider range of laser cutting parameters such as cutting speed, laser power and assist gas pressure as well as to obtain experimental database for MRA and ANN model...
Synthesis and phase transitions studies on Schiff base symmetrical dimers: α,ω-Bis(4-pyridine-3-methyleneaminoxy)alkanes
April 2012
A series of symmetrical dimers bearing heterocyclic ring, α,ω-bis(4-pyridine-3-methylideneaminoxy)alkanes, were prepared and all the members are differed by the spacer length, CnH2n, where n = 6, 8, 10 and 12. Their transition temperatures and mesophase characteristics were studied by differential scanning calorimetry and optical polarizing microscopy techniques. DSC thermograms...
A density functional theory study on the stability and ligand properties of the different substituted phenyl carbenes
April 2012
In regard to the worldwide interest in synthesis and application of stable carbenes, DFT calculations (B3LYP/6-311++G**//B3LYP/6-31+G* levels) are employed to reach at a series of phenyl carbenes. The singlet-triplet energy separations (ΔES-T), HOMO–LUMO energy gaps (ΔEHOMO-LUMO), as well as philicity indices (N and ω) and basicity of these carbenes are compared and...
Investigation of indium ions removal from aqueous solutions using spent coffee grounds
April 2012
This study used batch adsorption techniques to evaluate the potential suitability of spent coffee grounds as an environmentally friendly adsorbent for the removal of indium ions from aqueous solutions. In addition, we also investigated the effects of process parameters, such as, the solution pH, adsorbent dose, initial concentration of indium ions and the temperature on adsorption performance. The...
Design, construction and investigating functionality of a nickel (II) ion selective electrode
April 2012
Ni2+ ion–selective electrode (Ni-ISE) based on plasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) membrane with 25, 26, 27 tri propoxy 28, Amino 5, 11, 17, 23–tetra–tert–butyl–calix[4]arene as ionophore and dibutyl phthalate (DBP) as plasticizer was designed and constructed. The Ni-ISE showed a linear reply in the concentration range of 1.0 × 10-1 to 1.0 ×...
Piecewise statistical programming for workforce allocation: the significance of Taiwanese cadres in China
April 2012
This paper presents a novel study which used piecewise statistical approach to estimate the profitability of Taiwan-based corporations investing in China according to their proportion in the total numbers of Taiwanese managers. While using the SPSS statistics software to analyze and calculate the correlation between the earnings, expenditures, proportion of Taiwanese cadres and net profits, it was found that...
Investigation of the CuInSe2 film prepared by one-step electrodeposition
April 2012
In this research, we applied one-step electrodeposition to fabricate CuInSe2 films. Deposition parameters, including the pH value of the plating solution, the deposition time and the current density, were adjusted to find preferable conditions to fabricate high quality CuInSe2 film. Material properties were examined by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) images and energy...
Friction and wear behaviours of medical grade UHMWPE at dry and lubricated conditions
April 2012
In this investigation the friction and wear performance of GUR 1020 medical grade ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) polymer under dry sliding, distilled water and egg albumen lubrication conditions were evaluated. The sliding experiments were carried out on a pin-on-disc tribometer. The contact configuration used was a polymer pin on a rotating AISI 304L stainless steel disc. Wear tests were...
Spatial distribution of maximal earthquake effects in the Red Sea region
April 2012
Two maps of estimated maximum intensity distribution have been prepared for the Red Sea region by applying appropriate intensity attenuation and conversion equations, without considering the probability of exceedance. The maps are represented in two parametric elements, which are: the maximal earthquake effects and the period of observation. The significance of these maps is due to their contributory aspect...
Effect of wind loading on spherical single layer space truss steel domes
April 2012
The use of space truss steel domes has been a popular choice for covering large span areas with or without internal columns. High structural stiffness and architectural aesthetics are the main reasons for the wide application of this space truss form. Using formex algebra, the geometry of ribbed and Schwedler single layer space truss domes for various rise-to-span ratios (with a constant span) are modeled....
Identification and non-linear control strategy for industrial pneumatic actuator
April 2012
In this paper, a combination of nonlinear gain and proportional integral derivative (NPID) controller was proposed to the trajectory tracking of a pneumatic positioning system. The nonlinear gain was employed to this technique in order to avoid overshoot when a relatively large gain is used to produce a fast response. This nonlinear gain can vary automatically either by increasing or decreasing depending on...
Design of fast fault tolerant reversible signed multiplier
April 2012
Reversible logic circuits are emerging as a promising technology for power minimization. Parity preserving reversible circuits design will be very important for development of fault tolerant reversible systems in nanotechnology. In this paper, a fast fault tolerant reversible signed multiplier is proposed. In order to construct the multiplier, five variables parity preserving gate (F2PG) and modified...
Multimedia physical feature for unsteady MHD mixed convection viscoelastic fluid over a vertical stretching sheet with viscous dissipation
April 2012
A multimedia feature for unsteady magnetic hydrodynamic (MHD) flow of two-dimensional mixed convection flow of an incompressible viscoelastic fluid over a vertical stretching sheet with viscous dissipation was studied. Similar transformation and an implicit finite-difference method were used to analyze the present problem. The numerical solutions of the flow velocity distributions, temperature profiles, the...
Screening of agricultural waste for Ni(II) adsorption: Kinetics, equilibrium and thermodynamic studies
April 2012
This study reports the adsorption of Ni(II) ions onto waste powders prepared from egg plant (EGP), sweet potato (SWP) and banana peels (BNP). The influence of adsorption parameters, such as pH, contact time, adsorbent weight, adsorbate concentration and temperature were investigated. Equilibrium was described by the Langmuir and Freundlich models. Ni(II) uptake was very fast reaching a maximum within 20 min...
Full-diversity high-rate space-time block-coded systems using estimated channel state information for symbol detection
April 2012
In this paper, the frame-error-rate (FER) performance of full-diversity high-rate space-time block-coded (STBC) system is presented for quadrature phase-shift keying (QPSK) digital modulation technique, which is using the numeric-variable-forgetting-factor (NVFF) least-squares (LS) algorithm based channel estimator. The STBC transmission data-rates with two-transmitter antennas...
Conditions of numerical semigroups having maximal or almost maximal length
April 2012
In this paper, we will give some conditions for a numerical semigroup to have maximal or almost maximal length or to be Arf . For obtaining these conditions, we will use the type sequences and , in cases and , where for , respectively. Key words: Arf semigroup, numerical semigroup, type sequence, maximal Length.
Mixed intelligent optimization algorithm (MIOA): An algorithm for quality of service (QoS) based web service selection
April 2012
With the rapid growth of abundant Web services on the World Wide Web, designing effective approaches for Web service selection, which satisfy service consumers’ customized quality of service (QoS) requirement, has become a fundamental problem for the application of composed Web service. To address this problem, we propose, in this paper, a new algorithm, called Mixed Intelligent Optimization Algorithm...
Chaotic time series prediction and Mackey-Glass simulation with fuzzy logic
April 2012
The present study was performed with fuzzy logic (FL) time series prediction modeling on a twenty years hourly averaged wind data, that is, 1985 to 2004 for Quetta, Pakistan. A free fuzzy logic design was followed and hourly wind data for spring prediction were obtained (February, March and April). It was found that the prediction is reliable and precise. Non-stationarity or random walk in wind data exists...
Soil loss and erodibility factor for improving conservation specification design in Southwestern Taiwan
April 2012
The characteristics of the soil topography are usually influenced by the distribution of rainfall in typhoon season, steep terrains and fragmental geology; as a result, severe soil erosion often occurs in Taiwan. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the rainfall event and soil erodibility factor by collecting fifty nine measured erosion data from nineteen experimental sites among the...
Effect of prismatic elements as bed roughness on hydraulic jump characteristics
April 2012
The roughness bed represents structures that produce high energy dissipation. The objectives of the present experimental study were to determine the effects of using prismatic elements for two types of bed roughness, strip and staggered, on fundamental characteristics of the hydraulic jump, including sequent depth, length and energy dissipation capacity. Experiments were conducted for both smooth and rough...
Moderately intense geomagnetic storms and their relation with coronal mass ejections and interplanetary magnetic field
April 2012
An investigation of moderately intense geomagnetic storms (50 nT>Dst≥-150 nT) observed between 1997 and 2007 with coronal mass ejections (CMEs) and interplanetary magnetic field was carried out. We found that 54.91% geomagnetic storms are associated with halo and partial halo coronal mass ejections. The association rates of halo and partial halo coronal mass ejections were found to be 63.16 and 36.84%...
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