The modified alternative -expansion method for finding the exact solutions of nonlinear PDEs in mathematical physics
December 2011
In this article, we construct new exact traveling wave solutions of some nonlinear evolution equations in mathematical physics with the aid of the modified alternative –expansion method. The nonlinear equations under investigation include, the (1+1)-dimensional Drinfeld-Sokolov-Wilson (DSW) equation, the travelling regularised long wave (TRLW) equation, the Caudrey-Dodd-Gibbon (CDG) equation and...
Symmetry reductions and exact solutions of a variable coefficient (2+1)-Zakharov-Kuznetsov equation
December 2011
We study the generalized (2+1)-Zakharov-Kuznetsov (ZK) equation of time dependent variable coefficients from the Lie group-theoretic point of view. The Lie point symmetry generators of a special form of the class of equations are derived. We classify the Lie point symmetry generators to obtain the optimal system of one-dimensional subalgebras of the Lie symmetry algebras. These subalgebras are then used to...
New-generation optical access system based on the thin film filter technology
December 2011
Dense wavelength division multiplexing-direct scheme with two thin film filters (full width half maximum bandwidth 100 and 200 GHz) for broadband access has been realized to evaluate the minimal channel interval for each thin film filter needed for a satisfactory bit error ratio. From the results, the minimal channel interval has been established for both thin film filters that ensure reliable data...
A committee machine approach to multiple response optimization
December 2011
Multiple responses optimization problems have three phases including design of experiments, modeling and optimization. Artificial neural networks and genetic algorithm are applied for second and third phases. Committee machines include some experts such as some neural networks which operate together to get response. Current article applies a committee machine including four different artificial...
Diurnal characteristics of the wind potential along the North-western coast of Senegal
December 2011
This paper is aimed at determining the diurnal characteristics of the wind potential inSenegal. The data used in this study are collected from eight sites (Kayar, Potou, Gandon, Sine Moussa Abdou, Botla, Dara Andal, Nguebeul and Sakhor) located alongside the North-western coast of Senegal. These data cover the period of one year for each site. The annual wind speed distribution curves in all...
Monitoring and management issues of heavy metal pollution of Gombak River, Kuala Lumpur
December 2011
There had been concerns about related issues on urban river pollution in Malaysia. These included inadequate supplies of water in big cities and unexpected floods threatening human lives and property. The results of efforts to improve the Gombak River water quality in Kuala Lumpur were presented. The Gombak River is a tributary of the Klang River that passes through the populous and important city of Kuala...
Radioactivity and dose assessment of heavy radioactive pollution, radon and radium from water sources of 3 northern regions in Iran
December 2011
Knowledge of natural radioactivity in man and his environment is important since naturally occurring radionuclides are the major source of radiation exposure to man. One of the main sources of public exposure from natural radioactivity is radium and radon and its short lived decay products. This radio nuclides are produced from the decay of uranium. Drinking water containing 226Ra, fifth member of...
Fast prediction of power transfer stability index based on radial basis function neural network
December 2011
The increase in power demand and limited power sources has caused the system to operate at its maximum capacity. Therefore, the ability to determine voltage stability before voltage collapse has received a great attention due to the complexity of power system. In this paper there is a prediction of Power Transfer Stability Index (PTSI) based on Radial Basis Function Neural Network (RBFNN) for the Iraqi Super...
An experimental study on the effects of different injection materials on consolidation settlement
December 2011
Injection applications with injection material types such as bentonite, rheocem, rheobuild1000, bentonite+rheocem was made and the effect of the injection on soil consolidationsettlement was experimentally studied. A sample of natural soil, whose geotechnicalcharacteristics are known to be weak, was analyzed to...
Application of artificial neural network on vibration test data for damage identification in bridge girder
December 2011
Structures are exposed to damage during their service life which can severely affect their safety and functionality. Thus, it is important to monitor structures for the occurrence, location and extent of damage. Artificial neural networks (ANNs) as a numerical technique have been applied increasingly for damage identification with varied success. ANNs are inspired by human biological neurons and have been...
Standardisation in engineering surveys in Turkey
December 2011
Buying, selling and changing goods and services easily in today’s world, where economic, social and cultural relations are very complicated, are related to standards that determine the qualities of them. Although there are standards for every kind of goods and services produced in the European Community that we still try to become a member of it, no detailed study had been done on this subject....
Value differences in development applications and distribution relations: A case study of Trabzon
December 2011
In Turkey, when development plans are overlayed with the cadastral maps, some cadastral parcels coincide with areas of public services. All cadastral parcels are not affected equally from the transformation that occurred by this procedure. In application of development plans, there is need for re-organising the cadastral parcels according to the new situation. One of the tools used in Turkey for this...
Hydro-geophysical study of michika and environs, northeast Nigeria
December 2011
Thirty-five Schlumberger vertical electrical soundings (VES) of maximum electrode spread of AB/2 100 m were carried out in Michika and its environs to study the distribution of groundwater and the aquifer systems. Two distinctive curve types; H and KA were identified. The H- type curves account for 97.14% while the remaining 2.86 are KA curve type. The lithologic sequences to be penetrated during drilling of...
Effect of chemical treatment and waste blending on biogas production from leaf litter of Kambala (Chlorophoral excelsa)
December 2011
Effect of chemical treatment and waste blending on biogas production from leaf litter of Kambala (Chlorophoral excelsa) was investigated. The wastes were prepared as old and untreated leaf litter (LL-OU), old and treated leaf litter (LL-OT), old leaf litter and cow dung (LL-OC) (1:1), fresh and untreated leaf litter (LL-FU) and fresh leaf litter and swine dung (LL-FS) (1:1). The treated variant was effected...
Accessing the performance of binders on core strength in metal casting
December 2011
Poor performance of local binder of foundry core in casting has been a major concern recently. The effect of some local binder on the mechanical properties of a core has been studied in an attempt to develop a suitable core strength using green compression strength, baked compression strength, permeability and collapsibility test. The effect of temperature, water content, baking time, binder quantity and sand...
Discriminating climatological regimes in rainfall time series by using the Fisher-Shannon method
December 2011
The Fisher-Shannon (FS) information plane, defined by the Fisher information measure (FIM) and the Shannon entropy power (Nx), was robustly used to investigate the complex dynamics of 8 long monthly rainfall time series in central Argentina, recorded from 1860 to 2006. In the FS plane, the rainfall series seem to aggregate into three different clusters corresponding to three different climatological regimes...
Water quality assessment of Siran river, Pakistan
December 2011
Spatial variations in water quality of Siran river were analyzed in Khyber Pakhtunkhawa (KPK) province of Pakistan. The water quality was studied at eleven sites at upstream and downstream in Siran valley during 2009 to 2010. Physico-chemical and microbiological parameters of the samples were measured; moreover, possible sources of contamination were analyzed. The study showed that the pollution level in...
Application of geographic information system (GIS) in Iraqi family medicine practice
December 2011
The aim of the study is to build a data base system to selected family medicine primary health centers in Baghdad by using GIS properties. A typical GIS implementation using the Arc Info Coverage data format consists of three phases: data conversion specification, data migrate on, and application development, accordingly, data was collected from 4 family medicine primary health centers consisting of...
Dynamic checking reactive applications: An event driven framework
December 2011
Reactive applications are embedded software of reactive systems which continuously interact with their environments. In this paper, we aim to propose a method to dynamically checking reactive applications using event based rules. The rules formed in event-condition-action constitute the checker as an active program. In order to enjoy activeness, the checker actively reacts to environment events when...
Modeling and simulation of traffic lights and controller unit systems by colored Petri net
December 2011
We know that increasing fuel consumption, high environmental pollution and time wasting are the visible results of high traffic density. Developing new directions or even highways is an alternative way to solve this problem. It may add several junctions. Therefore, we provided a method which declines the waiting time behind the red color in the first phase through controlling Fuzzy logic traffic light and...
A unit process simulator for ion implantation through composite material using MATLAB
December 2011
With the rapid development in semiconductor technology, multi-million transistors are integrated on a System-on-Chip (SoC) to realize the complete functionality of a system. Due to rapid advancement in the field of VLSI technology – with the dimensions shrinking to 30 nm or less, the need for better understanding and proper simulation and optimization of fabrication process steps has become absolutely...
Performance of artificial neural network and regression techniques for simulation model in reservoir inter-relationships
December 2011
In fact, the reservoir simulation is an essential step while developing the optimal operation policy for dam and reservoir. Generally, an accurate simulation for the reservoir characteristics should lead more reliable and robust optimization model for certain reservoir. The major challenge in the reservoir simulation is the non-linearity behavior of inter-relationships between the reservoir elevation, surface...
Computing multi-soliton solutions to Caudrey-Dodd-Gibbon equation by Hirota's method
December 2011
In this paper, we make use of Hirota’s bilinear method to obtain multi-soliton solutions to Caudrey-Dodd-Gibbon equation by using Hirota’s bilinear method. This equation is the first transformed to its potential version and then the Cole-Hopf transformation is applied to it to obtain an equation that is transformed to a bilinear form. One and two soliton solutions are formally derived....
An approximate analytical solution of nonlinear fractional diffusion equation by homotopy analysis method
December 2011
In the present paper, the approximate analytical solution of a nonlinear diffusion equation with fractional time derivative () and with the diffusion term as () are obtained with the help of analytical method of nonlinear problem called the Homotopy Analysis Method (HAM). By using initial value, the explicit solution of the equation for different particular cases have been derived which...
Ammonia volatilization from urea at different levels of zeolite
December 2011
Ammonia (NH3) loss due to hydrolysis of urea can be substantial. When applied to the soil, up to 50% NH3 volatilizes. This decreases urea-N use efficiency. The objective of this study was to minimize ammonia loss from urea using different levels of clinoptilolite zeolite. Six treatments were evaluated; (1) soil alone, (2) 2.60 g granular urea, (3) 2.60 g liquid urea, (4) 2.60 g liquid urea + 4 g of...
Unsteady local non-similar boundary-layer flow over a long slim cylinder
December 2011
An investigation has been performed to study the analytic solution of the unsteady non-similar boundary-layer flow of a viscous fluid over a suddenly jerked long slender cylinder. Due to the transverse curvature of the cylinder and the free stream velocity of fluid, the considered flow phenomenon is understood to be non-similar. The non-linear partial differential equation is obtained by employing the...
A new hybrid method for tuning fractional order proportional–integral–derivative (PID) controllers in frequency domain
December 2011
In this paper, an approach for optimal tuning of fractional order proportional derivative (FOPD) and a certain class of fractional order proportional integral derivative (FO-PID) controllers for integer-order integrating time delay systems based on frequency method is developed. For this purpose, particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm has been used for optimal controller parameters tuning. Performance of...
Modelling shoreline rate of changes using holographic interferometry
December 2011
Polarized sensor is able to investigate the coastal problems such as erosion and sedimentation. AIRSAR polarized sensor could be an ideal concept in developing such sensor. In this context, this work is introducing a new approach for modeling the rate of shoreline deformation from AIRSAR Cvv band. The hologram algorithm has been applied to simulate the wave spectra propagation pattern. The results show...
Dynamic property analysis and development of composite concrete floor (CCF) and vibration serviceability: A review
December 2011
This review article concerns floor vibration, describes the nature of floor vibration and provides options for avoiding it through design, or in the case of existing buildings, reducing or eliminating it through alterations. Excessive floor vibration has become a greater problem as new rhythmic activities, such as aerobics, generators, air conditioners and long-span floor structures have become more common....
Determination of groundwater potential in Asaba, Nigeria using surface geoelectric sounding
December 2011
Providing potable water has been a major concern to the people of Asaba the capital city of Delta State, Nigeria. This study which is aimed at identifying formations that present fresh and healthy aquifer water for the people employed the use of the geoelectric sounding to probe the subsurface. Data collected were interpreted in terms of the true resistivity and thickness of subsurface layers and result...
Application of advanced spaceborne thermal emission and reflection radiometer (ASTER) data in geological mapping
December 2011
The spectral and spatial properties of the advanced spaceborne thermal emission and reflection radiometer (ASTER) data can be used in detailed lithological and hydrothermal alteration mapping related to copper and gold mineralization, particularly the shortwave infrared radiation subsystem where hydrothermal alteration minerals have diagnostic spectral absorption features. This paper reviews the technical...
Exact dielectric constant of inhomogeneous crystal and its influence on propagation of electromagnetic (EM) wave: A quantum mechanical approach
December 2011
We present an exact treatment of electromagnetic wave propagation in a crystal medium with varying dielectric constant via quantum mechanical approach. Quantum mechanical equation involving dielectric constant was defined for incoming linearly polarized monochromatic electromagnetic wave derived from a re-normalized relativistic Langrangian equation, . Considering that the spatial waveform of the field...
Thermodynamic treatment in a case of heavy ion collision
December 2011
The strong interaction described by quantum chromodynamics may be studied under conditions of high parton temperature and high energy density, using relativistic heavy ion collisions. High energy heavy ion collisions aim to recreate the conditions which existed a few microseconds following the big bang, and determine the properties of this super-dense matter. The density of produced hadrons is very high,...
pH effect on thermo-optical response of Er3+-doped silicagel prepared by the sol-gel method
December 2011
We present results of the study of optical and thermo-optical properties as well as the thermo-gravimetric analysis of SiO2:Er3+ (5% mol) glasses prepared by the sol-gel method at different pH (2, 3, 4 and 5). The thermo-optical characteristics were measured at room temperature under resonant conditions for the Er3+ ions and analyzed in terms of a theoretical model for continuum wave (CW) laser...
Using two-photon excitation methods for determination of Ca2+ in contamination with protein
December 2011
Three emission wavelengths from two-photon excitation techniques were use to determinefree Ca2+ using a new analytical calculation. This was achieved by considering theinteraction of protein with free Ca2+ and indo-1 in protein contaminated sample. The emissions obtained from the excitation with the dissociation constants were used in the calculation. Agreement values of the...
Determination of energy levels of the Klein–Gordon equation, with pseudo harmonic potential plus the ring shaped potential
December 2011
In the present paper we have found the exact solution of the bound states of Klein–Gordon equation with pseudo harmonic potential plus the ring-shaped potential via Nikiforov–Uvarov method. We have supposed scalar and vector potentials are equal. By special selection the potential is reduced to pseudo harmonic and harmonic oscillator potentials. Finally, we found and plotted the ground state...
Application of Zakharov equation in three dimensions to deep water gravity waves
December 2011
A numerical method, based on the Zakharov equation in three dimensions, is developed to study the nonlinear dynamics of deep water gravity waves. We focus primarily on systems describing the evolution of hydrodynamic surface waves, considering a thick incompressible fluid spanning across all space available and subject to gravity. The reference height to the resting state is z = 0. In the case of...
Numerical study of laminar mixed convection heat transfer of power-law non-Newtonian fluids in square enclosures by finite volume method
December 2011
In this study, we have numerically considered mixed convection heat transfer in a square enclosure with cold left and right walls, insulated moving upper wall and hot fixed lower wall. The governing flows of two reliable articles were initially modeled and after validating calculations, the given flow of the study was solved by finite volume method. To examine the effects of different factors, such as...
Study of infusion rate injection profiles on bolus tracking parameters by Monte Carlo simulation
December 2011
The bolus tracking data are quantified by perfusion and summary parameters when the tissue concentration-time curve and arterial input function vary with the infusion rate injection condition and patient physiology. A new approach based on the Monte Carlo simulation method was used to assess the errors introduced in perfusion summary parameters quantification by difference in injection profiles. The...
Qualitative and quantitative analysis of drinking water samples of different localities in Abbottabad district, Pakistan
December 2011
The complete analysis of 15 drinking water samples was carried out to develop a data base on the quality of water being consumed in different areas of Abbottabad district. The qualitative and quantitative analysis of water samples of different localities was conducted to determine the exact amount of different pollutants present in water. The drinking water samples were taken from the main water sources where...
Investigation of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) shielding tensors of B5N5C8H18 cluster as a novel material for nano drug delivery
December 2011
The interaction of the penicillin molecule inside of the B5N5C8H18 have been investigated with density functional theory using HF and B3LYP method and 6-31G, 6-31G** and 6-311G** basis sets. We also analyze the electronic structure and charge Mulliken population for the energetically most favorable complexes. Our results indicate penicillin can form stable bindings with B5N5C8H18 via the nitrogen...
Effects of repeatedly used preconditioner on computational accuracy for nonlinear interval system of equations
December 2011
We discuss Hansen-Sengupta operator in the context of circular interval arithmetic for the algebraic inclusion of zeros of interval nonlinear systems of equations. It was demonstrated by showing the effects of applying repeatedly preconditioners of inverses of the midpoint interval matrices on the well known Trapezoidal Newton method at each iteration cycle wherein, the work of Shokri (2008) was our major...
Convergence of iterative methods for solving Kawahara equation
December 2011
In this paper, a Kawahara equation is solved by using the Adomian’s decompositionmethod, modiï¬ed Adomian’s decomposition method, variational iteration method,modiï¬ed variational iteration method,...
Investigation into the usage of Sanliurfa limestones in Turkey as underground storage cavern with regard to some engineering properties
December 2011
Sanliurfa limestone of Turkey is used as an underground deep freeze food storagecavern, because of its high isolation...
Numerical investigation of axial bearing capacity of piles embedded in sloping ground
December 2011
In practice, piles may be constructed in sloping ground where the axial capacity of piles may be affected by the ground slope. This paper presents the effect of the ground slope geometry on the ultimate axial bearing capacity of vertical pile using numerical simulation based on Plaxis 3D Foundation software. The pile is assumed to consist of linear and elastic material. Various aspect ratios (L/D) for the...
Numerical simulation and construction of using indoor plants to improve indoor air quality
December 2011
This study used an indoor plant system to improve the indoor air quality, and discussed the correlation between the CO2 derived from human breathing and the photosynthesis of plants. This study took peace lily (Spathiphyllum kochii) as the experimental target. The absorptivity of peace lily to CO2 at the CO2 concentration of 4000 ppm was 2.4847E-5 m3/h according to the experiment of...
Compressibility characteristics of saline soils treated with cement
December 2011
This study investigates the possibility of using high sulphate resisting cement as an additive to control the compressibility behavior of two saline soils sourced brought from Baghdad and Basra governorates in Iraq. The two soils are similar in their constituents, and classified as CL according to Atterberg limit. Standard consolidation samples were prepared from untreated soils, and were treated with 3, 5,...
A subspace ensemble based data dependent binary classification model
December 2011
Classifying patterns into two classes is a typical problem of binary classification in pattern recognition. Binary classification is an industrial problem in many fields like medicine, search mechanism, diagnostic of disease in humans, security and many other aspects. In this paper, we have proposed a random subspace based ensemble data dependent classification model for the binary classification...
The Earth Observing-1 (EO-1) satellite data for geological mapping, southeastern segment of the Central Iranian Volcanic Belt, Iran
December 2011
This investigation used Earth Observing-1 (EO-1) ALI (advanced land imager) and hyperion data to extract the geological and mineralogical information for identifying hydrothermal alteration zones associated with porphyry copper deposits in southeastern segment of the Central Iranian Volcanic Belt, SE Iran. A band ratio derived from image spectra (4/2, 8/9, 3 in RGB) has been developed to identify...
Performance analysis of genetic algorithm (GA)-based multi-constrained path routing algorithm
December 2011
To support networked multimedia applications, it is important for the network to provide guaranteed quality-of-service (QoS). One way to provide such services is for the network to perform QoS routing, where the path taken must fulfill a given set of constraints. Multi-constrained path (MCP) problem refers to the problem of finding a path through a network subject to multiple additive constraints. It has been...
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