Cross sectional study on prevalence of bovine trypanosomosis and associated risk factors in Mao komo special woreda, benishahgul gumuz, Western Ethiopia
April 2018
Trypanosomosis is a chronic haemo-protozoal disease, which is a barrier to livestock and agricultural production. A cross-sectional study with the aim of determining prevalence rate of bovine trypanosomosis and risk factors was carried out from April 2016 to November 2017 in the Mao Komo district in the Benishangul-gumuz, Ethiopia. Buffy coat followed by thin blood smear technique were employed to identify the species...
Success of lymphatic filariasis control in Benin: Effects of Ivermectin and Abendazole on microfilaraemia
March 2018
Lymphatic filariasis (LF) is a parasitic disease that is endemic throughout sub-Saharan Africa, infecting approximately 40 million people. The aim of this study was to determine effect of Ivermectine and Albendazole on microfilaraemia in 10 communes that have completed 5 rounds of MDA in Benin. The study was both retrospective and prospective. The retrospective part consisted of collecting the information in the...
Cockroaches as carriers of human gastrointestinal parasites in Wolkite Town, southwestern Ethiopia
February 2018
Cockroaches are considered as vectors of different diseases caused by bacteria, fungi, viruses, protozoa and helminthes. The objective of this study was to examine the role of cockroaches as carriers of intestinal parasites in Wolkite town. Cockroaches were collected twice per month from five kebeles and 50 households, from March to April in 2016. A total of 209 cockroaches were collected in this study. In total, 157...
Malaria-intestinal helminthes co-infection among patients in Wolkite Health Center and Attat Hospital, Gurage Zone, Southern Ethiopia
February 2018
To initiate the prevention and control methods for overlapping distribution of intestinal helminthes and malaria, collecting adequate, updated and reliable information is required. Thus, the objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of Malaria-intestinal helminthes co-infection among patients attending Wolkite Health Center and Attat Hospital, Gurage Zone, Southern Ethiopia. Cross sectional parasitological...
Low prevalence of soil transmitted helminths among children in rural areas in Senegal: A cross sectional survey
January 2018
Soil transmitted helminthiasis (STH) represents a major public health problem in tropical regions. In many countries including Senegal, STH control strategies usually involve mass deworming campaigns. This study was carried out to assess the prevalence and distribution of intestinal parasites among children, several years after the initiation of mass deworming campaigns with mebendazole in Senegal. A cross sectional...
Prevalence of malaria and anaemia during the dry season in North Central and South Western Nigeria
January 2018
Malariometric surveys provide information on epidemiological parameters used in assessing malaria burden for evidence-based decision making. This study provides information on some malariometric indices in two ecologically distinct areas in Nigeria. The study was conducted in New Bussa in Niger State (Sudan savannah) and Ijede in Lagos State (tropical rain forest). Study participants were screened for malaria, fever,...
Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum in non-human primates at a primate center at Franceville, Gabon
January 2018
Toxoplasma gondii can cause fatal disease in both humans and non-human primates. Neospora caninum can also cause economic loss and disease to livestock. The distribution of antibodies against these parasites in non-human primates bred at the CIRMF Primate Center in Franceville, Gabon was determined. For their annual medical examination, T. gondii antibodies were identified using a modified agglutination test (MAT)....
Use of a homeopathic complex against Haematobia irritans infestation in dairy cattle, Paraná, Brazil
December 2017
Horn fly, Haematobia irritans irritans (Linnaeus), is an ectoparasite that feeds exclusively on the host’s blood, preferably cattle, whose biological cycle occurs in its feces. This insect is scattered throughout Brazil in areas favorable to its development and also in other South American countries. The insect remains most of the day time on the animal. The adult fly can live 3 to 7 weeks. At high infestation...
Malacological study of snail intermediate hosts of trematode parasites in Okitipupa Local Government Area, Ondo State, Nigeria
December 2017
Water bodies in specific sites were sampled for snail intermediate hosts of trematodes. Overall, a total of 949 snails were taken from the selected rivers with long handled scoop net, and in some areas with the aid of a pair of forceps. The sampled snails were placed in wide-mouthed universal bottles, loosely covered and taken to the laboratory for investigation. Examination was carried out by exposing groups of ten in...
Trypanosomosis in cattle of three selected villages of Metu district, Oromia Regional State, Southwestern Ethiopia
November 2017
A cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2016 to April 2017 in Metu district, Southwestern Ethiopia with the objectives of determining the infection rate of trypanosomosis in cattle and assessing apparent density of tsetse flies. A conventional parasitological study using concentration technique was used for the determination of prevalence of trypanosomosis, whereas baited traps were used for the vector...
Trends in toxoplasmosis seroprevalence among pregnant women attending the Fann Teaching Hospital in Dakar Senegal
October 2017
Toxoplasma gondii infection during pregnancy can lead to many complications such as abortion, cerebral calcifications, chorioretinitis, and hydrocephalus. In Senegal, toxoplasmosis primary prevention during pregnancy usually refers to prenatal screening of pregnant women, but epidemiological data are needed to help shape human toxoplasmosis prevention policy. This study assessed T. gondii seroprevalence among pregnant...
Entomological study on species composition, behavior, longevity and probability of surviving sporogony of Anopheles mosquitoes in Lare District, Ethiopia
September 2017
In order to develop efficient malaria vector control strategies, this study was conducted to assess species composition, relative abundance and longevity of Anopheles mosquito malaria vectors in Lare district, south western Ethiopia. For this, Anopheles mosquitoes were collected using CDC light traps catch and pyrethrum spray collection for five months from May to September, 2016. Four kebeles (the smallest...
Prevalence of bovine trypanosomiasis in Dara District Sidama Zone, Southern Ethiopia
September 2017
A cross sectional study was conducted in five selected peasant Associations of Dara Woreda of Southern Ethiopia from October, 2013 to June, 2014 to estimate the prevalence of bovine trypanosomiasis and to identify the prevalent trypanosome species, and the risk factors of the disease. Blood samples were collected from the ear vein of randomly selected 384 cattle. Thin blood smear and buffy coat techniques are employed...
A review on epidemiological distribution, impacts and integrated control approach of tsetse fly
September 2017
Tsetse flies are hematophagous insects of the genus Glossina that belong to the family Glossinidae. They are important because of their ability to spread disease among men and among domestic animals. Tsetse flies are strictly blood feeders, and in the act of piercing the skin and sucking blood, the flies transmit blood parasite trypanosomes to previously uninfected animals or man, causing the disease nagana, which is...
A study on prevalence of canine babesiosis in and around Jimma Town, Western Ethiopia
August 2017
Cross sectional study was carried out from November, 2014 to March, 2015 to investigate the prevalence of canine babesiosis, associated risk factors and the species of Babesia affecting dogs in eight peasant associations found in and around Jimma town Western Ethiopia. Blood examination conducted on 384 randomly selected dogs showed an overall prevalence of 15.9% (61/384). The prevalence of canine babesiosis in and...
The Circadian and seasonal biting patterns of Anopheles gambiae sl in Bayelsa State, Nigeria
August 2017
Accurate knowledge on the biting pattern of Anopheles gambiae sl is a prerequisites for mounting long lasting control intervention in malaria endemic areas. A descriptive study was undertaken to determine the hourly biting cycle of A. gambiae in some randomly selected communities in Bayelsa State, Nigeria during January, 2014 and December, 2015. The two methods used for mosquito collection were human baits (indoor and...
Seroepidemiology of Toxoplasma gondii infection among slaughtered pigs, cattle and goats for human consumption in Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
August 2017
Toxoplasmosis is a major foodborne infectious disease with substantial adverse impact on population health and economy. Human infection is usually secondary to the consumption of contaminated raw or undercooked meat. Recent studies have reported a high prevalence of the infection in slaughterhouse animals in sub-Saharan Africa but few data exist for Burkina Faso. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of...
Comparative analysis of genomic DNA amplification yield for Plasmodium falciparum extracted from urine, saliva and blood
July 2017
Malaria treatment and/or management remains an essential element as well as strategy controlling this pathology. Since 2005, Côte d'Ivoire has adopted Artemisinin-based Combination Therapies (ACTs) as first-line drugs to treat uncomplicated malaria. Malaria diagnostic mechanism involves blood sampling by using finger prick collection or venipuncture which requires very strict aseptic conditions. However, some...
Prevalence of Cryptosporidiosis infection among children under 5- years in Cotonou, Benin
June 2017
Cryptosporidiosis is recognized as one of the leading causes of childhood diarrhea in developing countries, but no data has been published, so far, on the prevalence among children with diarrhea in Benin. The aim of the present study was to assess, for the first time, the prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. infection in Cotonou, Benin. A prospective study involving children younger than 5 years of age (n = 104)...
Prevalence of small ruminant gastrointestinal parasites infections and associated risk factors in selected districts of Bale zone, south eastern Ethiopia
June 2017
Parasitic infections pose a serious health threat and remain one of the major impediments to small ruminant production in many part of the world including Ethiopia. Given the huge economic burden of the disease, a comprehensive study covering a wider study area is of paramount importance to generate accurate information about the disease. The current study was therefore, designed with the objectives to determine the...
Studies on the prevalence, cyst viability, organ distribution and public health significance of bovine cysticercosis in Ambo municipality abattoir, Western Shoa, Ethiopia
May 2017
A cross-sectional study was conducted on cattle slaughtered in Ambo municipal abattoir with the aim of determining the prevalence, cyst viability, organ distribution and public health significance of bovine cysticercosis. Of the 600 carcasses inspected, 93 (15.5%) were infected with cysticerci. A total of 122 cysts were collected of which 95 (77.87%) were viable while others 27 (22.13%) were degenerated. The anatomical...
Distribution and antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella serotypes in minced beef, calves and humans in Bishoftu and Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
May 2017
This study was conducted to determine the prevalence and antimicrobial profile of Salmonella in 102 beef, 384 stool and 107 calf faecal samples. The beef samples were collected from 34 randomly selected supermarkets in Addis Ababa, stool samples were collected from Bishoftu General Hospital and calf faecal samples were from randomly selected dairy farms in Bishoftu. Of the total 102 minced beef, 384 stool and 107 faecal...
Experimental studies on the reproductive biology of Hyalomma truncatum (Acari: Ixodidae) in Maiduguri, Nigeria
May 2017
Experimental studies were conducted between July and September, 2014 on the reproductive biology of Hyalomma truncatum in Maiduguri. Engorged adult female ticks were collected from the body of slaughtered cattle and morphologically identified to the species level. For further study, they were incubated in desiccators at 28°C and 85% relative humidity (RH) to determine their pre-oviposition and oviposition periods....
Seroprevalence of Taenia solium cysticercosis among people with epilepsy epileptic patients in three rural districts of Northern Uganda
May 2017
Taenia solium pork tapeworm is one of the parasites that causes serious public health and socioeconomic problems in developing countries. In Northern Uganda, extreme level of poverty, lack of sanitation infrastructure and communities’ practice of free range pig farming provide suitable condition for survival of T. solium in the area. Additionally, increased cases of epilepsy are of serious concern. The aim of the...
The prevalence of bovine trypanosomosis and associated risk factors in Mareka Woreda of Dawuro Zone, Southern Ethiopia
May 2017
A cross-sectional study was carried out to determine the prevalence of bovine trypanosomosis, to identify predominant trypanosome species and some associated risk factors,in purposively selected areas of Mareka district of Dawuro zone, southern Ethiopia from November 2015 to April 2016. For this purpose, a total of 384 blood samples were collected from cattle using systematic random sampling methodconsidering different...
Study on cattle tick species frequency distribution in and around Jimma province of Ethiopia
April 2017
The prevalence and abundance of tick species of cattle were studied in and around Jimma town of South Western Ethiopia from November, 2015 to March, 2016. The overall prevalence of tick in cattle was about 88.8%. A total of 4579 adult ticks were collected from 384 cattle. Of the total tick collected, Amblyomma and Rhipicephalus constitute 76.7 and 23.3%, respectively. Three species belonged to the genus Amblyomma and...
Study on prevalence and identification of ixodid ticks in cattle in Gursum district, East Hararghe Zone of Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia
April 2017
The current study on prevalence and identification of ixodid ticks in cattle was carried out in Gursum district, East Hararghe Zone of Oromia regional state, from November 2015 to April 2016. A total of 1447 ticks were collected from nine body parts of 384 cattle kept under extensive management system. Out of 384 cattle examined, 232 were found harbor one or more tick species. The identified tick species were Amblyomma...
Success of lymphatic filariasis control in Benin: Effects of Ivermectin and Abendazole on microfilaraemia
March 2017
Lymphatic filariasis (LF) is a parasitic disease that is endemic throughout sub-Saharan Africa, infecting approximately 40 million people. The aim of this study was to determine effect of Ivermectine and Albendazole on microfilaraemia in 10 communes that have completed 5 rounds of MDA in Benin. The study was both retrospective and prospective. The retrospective part consisted of collecting the information in the...
An investigation on Glossina species and the prevalence of trypanosomosis in cattle in Meatu district, Tanzania
February 2017
A cross-sectional study which sought to identify Glossina species and the prevalence of trypanosomosis in cattle of Meatu district where sleeping sickness cases have been reported in villages that border protected wildlife parks, was carried out. Four phenols and acetone baited tsetse traps (NGU, NZI, S3 and Biconical) were used in the study and showed that three Glossina species occurs in the area namely Glossina...
Hydatidosis: Prevalence and financial loss of bovine hydatidosis from cattle slaughtered at Adama Municipal Abattoir, South Eastern Ethiopia
January 2017
A cross-sectional study was carried out from November, 2013 to April, 2014 at Adama municipal abattoir to determine the prevalence of bovine hydatidosis and assess its direct financial loss due to organs condemnation. Postmortem examination, hydatid cyst characterization and direct financial loss estimations were conducted on slaughtered animals by systematic random sampling technique. Out of 450 local zebu cattle...
Prevalence of asymptomatic Plasmodium falciparium and Plasmodium vivax malaria carriage among school children of malaria endemic areas of Mirab Abaya district, Southern Ethiopia
January 2017
Asymptomatic malaria parasitemia has been reported in areas with high malaria transmission. Asymptomatic malaria carriers may play a significant role as an infection reservoir. Malaria elimination program have also faced challenges due to these parasite carriers and they should be considered in malaria-control programs in endemic areas for successful transmission interruption. The aim of the current study was to...
Prevalence of intestinal parasites from fingernails of primary school going children of district Lahore
December 2016
Intestinal parasitic infections are widely distributed throughout the world and children are the most affected population. In primary schools environments children have proven to be more susceptible for acquiring Intestinal parasites (IP) through fingernails. The present study was carried out to assess the prevalence of intestinal parasites in children of primary schools of district Lahore. 300 nail samples were...
Development and evaluation of a novel slide flocculation test using rat liver tissue homogenate as antibody binding surface for onchocerciasis screening
November 2016
The need to have a screening tool for onchocerciasis control to compliment parasitological and molecular diagnosis has remained an important goal. A novel Onchocerca volvulus slide flocculation test (Ov-SFT) was developed using tissue homogenates from rat organs (kidney, liver, heart, spleen, muscle, brain, lungs and testes). Liver followed by spleen and then kidney tissue homogenates performed better than others....
A study on prevalence of gastrointestinal helminthiasis of sheep and goats in and around Dire Dawa, Eastern Ethiopia
October 2016
A cross sectional study on gastrointestinal parasite of small ruminants was conducted from November, 2011 to April, 2012 in Dire Dawa with the objective to determine the prevalence of infestation, and to identify the gastrointestinal helminth parasite in sheep and goats. A total of 768 coprological examinations were performed on 384 fecal sample each from sheep and goats. Taking the overall parasitic infestation into...
Epidemiology of urinary schistosomiasis and knowledge of health personnel in rural communities of South-Western Nigeria
October 2016
Human schistosomiasis is a major water-borne parasitic disease in Nigeria with limited control programme. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence and intensity of urinary schistosomiasis, and knowledge of local health personnel in rural communities of the south-western states of Osun and Kwara, Nigeria, by using a filtration technique and a pre-tested structured questionnaire. Of the 620 individuals...
Parasitism of Cuterebra (Diptera: Oestridae) on rodents of islands of the Gulf of California, Mexico
September 2016
The genus, Cuterebra is an obligate dermal parasite of New World mammals that can cause problems with rodent reproduction. 2812 rodents of nine species from nine Gulf of California Islands were sampled for the presence of Cuterebra sp. Only two species of rodents were parasitized by Cuterebra sp. on two islands (Montserrat and Danzante): the canyon mouse, Peromyscus caniceps (n = 261) with a prevalence of 17.97% and the...
Prevalence of intestinal parasites in the human population of the city Santa Luzia – State of ParaÃba, Brazil
September 2016
The parasites are classified as one of the greatest evils of collective physical being problems, which can cause a state of high fragility, influencing the number of world inhabitants, as a no standard framework for a healthy quality of life. The objective of this study was to identify and quantify the major intestinal parasites found in result of parasitological tests, from the Municipality of Santa Luzia,...
Altitudinal variation in the parasitological and entomological indices of malaria around Mount Cameroon, South West Region of Cameroon
August 2016
This study aimed to define the heterogeneity in the parasitological and entomologic indices of malaria transmission from sites of contrasting altitudes in the Mt. Cameroon region. Blood samples were collected by pricking the finger. Thick and thin blood films were prepared and Giemsa-stained. Slides were examined under x100 objective for the identification of asexual and sexual stages of malaria parasites....
Distribution and characterization of anopheline larval habitats in flooded areas of the Dakar suburbs (Senegal)
July 2016
Knowledge of mosquito ecology is a prerequisite for efficient implementation of vector control strategies. This one-year study was carried out during the 2013 rainy season and the 2014 dry season throughout the flooded areas of the suburbs of Dakar with the aim to characterize and map anopheline larval habitats. In both seasons, all water bodies that were encountered within the study departments were geo-located and...
Epidemiology of American trypanosomiasis in Teixeira city: Brazil
June 2016
The American trypanosomiasis or Chagas disease, caused by the protozoan Trypanosomacruzi, affects the Paraíba hinterland region that is an endemic region by having multiple individuals being affected by it often, the main vector of transmission, is the triatomine, aka barber, they are considered to have very high dispersion. Teixeira-PB is a city that is located in that region, and a lot of people have found the...
Animal reservoirs of Trypanosoma brucei gambiense around the old Gboko sleeping sickness focus in Nigeria
May 2016
The exact role of animal reservoirs in the epidemiology of Trypanosoma brucei gambiense, a parasite ravaging affected rural parts of sub-Saharan Africa, still remains unclear. However, the existence of the parasite in animals is well documented in other parts of Africa. A randomised cross sectional study was conducted in an old sleeping sickness focus in Nigeria by screening 600 cattle and 600 pigs using the card...
Influence of infective stage (L3) dose on the outcome of microfilaremia, peripheral white blood cells and humoral immune response in Loa loa experimentally infected Mandrillus sphinx
April 2016
Analyses were performed to assess how the dose and frequency of administration of the natural infective stage (L3) affects events in the peripheral blood of an infected host. A blood sample was collected from different mandrills (Mandrillus sphinx) infected once with 1000 L3 Loa loa, 250 L3 four times, 100 L3 once and 25 L3 four times. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure levels of...
Characterization of the MSP-1 protein in field samples of Plasmodium falciparum and its homology to the Plasmodium vivax MSP-1 protein
March 2016
Merozoite surface protein-1 (MSP-1) is one of the several proteins on the surface of the asexual merozoite of malaria parasites. It undergoes a two stage proteolytic cleavage to form a C-terminal 19-kDa fragment or PfMSP119 that is used for red blood cell invasion. A homologue of PfMSP-119 of Plasmodium falciparum called PvMSP-119 has been identified in Plasmodium vivax. Recently, attention has been focused on this...
Selection of Plasmodium falciparum Pfmdr-1 N86Y alleles by Amodiaquine-Artesunate and Artemether-Lumefantrine in Nanoro, Burkina Faso
February 2016
Plasmodium falciparum Pfmdr1-86 gene polymorphisms were investigated in blood samples of patients > 6 months of age treated with Amodiaquine-Artesunate (ASAQ) and Artemether-Lumefantrine (AL) in Nanoro, Burkina Faso. Treatments outcome was determined with a 28-day follow-up. The prevalence of Pfmdr-1 N86Y alleles was determined before and after treatment. The PCR-adjusted Adequate Clinical and Parasitological...
Prevalence of Schistosoma Japonicum infections among field rats (Rattus rattus norvegicus) in schistosoma infested areas of Northern Samar, Philippines
February 2016
Forty-nine field rats collected from six municipalities of Northern Samar through the use of rat traps were necropsied, examined for schistosome infection, assessed for macroscopic lesion characteristics, and evaluated for parasite burden. Evaluation showed that out of the 49 field rats clinically examined, a prevalence rate of 42.86% was obtained. From this infection rate, 24.49% were males and 18.57% were females...
Field assessment of SD bioline malaria species antigen detection by rapid diagnostic tests in Mali
January 2016
Microscopy, the gold standard for routine malaria diagnosis and rapid diagnosis tests (RDTs) are required before artemisinin-based combination therapies for malaria case management in Sub-Saharan Africa. Several RDTs have been recommended by World Health Organization (WHO) for use in endemic areas. The aim of this study was to assess the performance of SD Bioline malaria Ag P.f. test and SD Bioline Ag P.f./Pan test, two...
Evaluation of cytosine DNA methylation of the Biomphalaria glabratahe at shock protein 70 locus after biological and physiological stresses
November 2015
Deoxyribonucleic (DNA) methylation is one of the widespread epigenetic modifications of genomic DNA, and has been postulated to be a predisposing influence on disease onset and infections. The ability to quantify differences in DNA methylation between the genomes of normal vs.stressed Biomphalaria glabrata would help to profile changes potentially linked to resistance to Schistosoma...
Malaria in pregnancy in the Ndop health district (North West Region, Cameroon): results from retrospective and prospective surveys
October 2015
Malaria is a life-threatening parasitic disease that is entirely preventable and curable. Pregnant women are among the most vulnerable groups to this deadly disease. Increased efforts towards prevention and control of the disease have led in drastic reduction in mortality rates by 54% in the world health organisation (WHO) African Region. However, the widespread implementation of WHO policies remains highly challenging...
Predictive parasite density based on a linear regression model obtained from the time of positivity of two malaria rapid diagnostic tests (SD Bioline Malaria Ag-Pf/Pan and Paracheck™-Pf) in Côte d’Ivoire
October 2015
Rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) are the current complement to microscopy for ensuring prompt malaria treatment. However, non-estimation of the parasite density is one of the limits of these RDTs. This study aimed to estimate the parasite density based on the time of positivity of two RDTs, SD Bioline Malaria Ag-Pf/Pan and Paracheck™-Pf. A highly parasitized blood sample underwent successive dilutions. On each...
The influence of malaria infection on kidney and liver function in children in Akoko area of Ondo state, Nigeria
September 2015
Renal and hepatic dysfunctions are part of the pathological effect of malaria infection common in children and pregnant women. Renal dysfunction is characterized by increase in creatinine, urea, and some of the electrolytes in the serum, while hepatic dysfunction is characterized by increase in liver enzyme activities.Two hundred and seventy children (age ranged 0 to 5 years) were recruited into this study. Malaria...
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