A comparative evaluation of South African SME financial statements against the IFRS requirements
May 2011
Research revealed that strong enforcement of accounting standards would improve the quality of financial reporting. As a result, information communicated by management to existing and potential shareholders should also improve. Proper financial reporting is however not necessarily an SME objective. Traditionally SME owners also fulfil a management function in the business. Moreover, little evidence exist that disclosure...
The modern portfolio theory as an investment decision tool
March 2011
This research paper is academic exposition into the modern portfolio theory (MPT) written with a primary objective of showing how it aids an investor to classify, estimate, and control both the kind and the amount of expected risk and return in an attempt to maximize portfolio expected return for a given amount of portfolio risk, or equivalently minimize risk for a given level of expected return. A methodology section...
The evidence of management motivation to revalue property plant and equipment in Tunisia
March 2011
This article deals with the relationship between emotions and accounting method. Specifically, it examines the links between cognitive biases and use of assets revaluation. Indeed, in order to improve the explanatory power of the positive theory of accounting, we integrated the behavioural dimension in the analysis of accounting choices: our goal is to show the role of these biases on the choice of revaluation...
Analysis of the effectiveness of capital expenditure budgeting in the local government system of Ondo State, Nigeria
February 2011
Year in year out, Nigerians always hear of billions and trillions of naira budgeted as capital expenditure in our annual budget. This amount undoubtedly continues to increase with each passing year, but the society is always at a loss as to where the money was invested. There seems to be wide disparity between budget proposal and accomplishment. The government at all levels are accused of disregard for budgetary...
Capital market as a veritable source of development in Nigeria economy
February 2011
This study takes a look at the impact of the capital market in the development of the Nigerian economy. The main objective includes; identifying the importance of the capital market. Data were collected from the Central Bank Statistical Bulletin from the period of 1992 to 2007 and the Ordinary Least Square and cochrane – Orcutt iterative methods were used to analyze the data. It was discovered that the...
Investigation of the effective factors in the efficiency of tax system
October 2010
In Iran, Tax Organization is in charge of collecting taxes. To have an efficient organization, we need to investigate the factors effective in the efficiency of the organization and to determine the level of their effectiveness. This study focuses on six of several factors, which may be effective in the efficiency of tax system, including information technology (IT), tax law, administrative formalities, private sector...
Climate change compliant microfinance delivery in Nigeria
October 2010
Climate change refers to any long-term significant change in the average weather that a given region experiences. It upsets seasonal cycles, destroys ecosystems and water supply, causes sea levels to rise and affects agriculture and food production. The changes are already visible in Nigeria. Combating climate change can come by way of mitigation and adaptation measures. Researchers are intensifying effort at developing...
Review of international accounting information systems
August 2010
This paper traces the benefits of international accounting information systems-their contribution to standardization and harmonization by purposing and tasking for business management. In this review, the goal is to describe and summarize how the accounting information system can help management decisions and influence the business environment in a global scale. The unified, standardized accounting information system...
Divergences between the BR GAAP and US GAAP
August 2010
The objective of this paper is to analyze impacts of the divergences between Brazilian accounting standards (BR GAAP) and ‘generally accepted accounting principles’ in the United States (US GAAP) in accounting recognition, measurement and disclosure. Seventeen Brazilian companies listed on the São Paulo stock exchange (BOVESPA) that negotiated American depositary receipts (ADRs) on the New York stock...
The relative informativeness of GAAP and pro forma earnings announcements in France
June 2010
This paper addresses the main problem raised by pro forma (or “street”) earnings. The aim is to help investors find their focus as they rely on pro forma earnings figures to make decisions on investing in French publicly-traded securities. We study 116 pro forma earnings announcements made over the period 1996 - 2006 to investigate why French traded corporations use pro forma reporting in their annual...
A new tax technology: The Brazilian experience with a general bank transactions tax
June 2010
This is a statement paper about tax reform. It tries to point to new trends in the world economy and to its consequences for tax practitioners’, taxpayers and tax administrators. Its main conclusion is that the world needs a new tax technology, and based on the Brazilian experience, proposes that a bank transaction tax may fulfill this need. Especially in developing countries tax reform has been one of the most...
Priority sector advances: Trends, issues and strategies
December 2009
An enunciation of the need to channelise the flow of credit to certain sectors of the economy, known as the priority sectors, in the largest interest of the country, can be traced to the Reserve Bank’s credit policy for the year 1967 - 1968. The government initiated measures for social control over banks in 1967 - 1968 with a view to securing a better adaptation of the banking system to the needs of economic...
Corporate taxation and capital gains realization in Canada
December 2009
In this paper, an empirical work is designed to test whether corporate capital gains realization is associated with corporate tax. Under Canadian tax rules, capital gains are taxed when a taxpayer realizes them, rather than at the time that those gains accrue. It was tested whether corporate tax status, including accumulated loss-carry-overs, affects the decision to realize capital gains. Using financial statements from...
Perception towards the importance and knowledge of information technology among auditors in Malaysia
October 2009
This paper reports the results of a study that investigates the level of IT knowledge and also IT importance in the specific context of audit work in Malaysia. Results of this study is based on data collected from 95 audit firms via mailed questionnaires. The results suggested information systems audit in Malaysia is still at the infant stage. IT knowledge level among the auditors is lower than their perception towards...
Strategic disclosure for political gain: The case of the corporate alternative minimum tax
October 2009
We examine the disclosure choices of firms subject to the Corporate Alternative Minimum Tax of the Tax Reform Act of 1986 (AMT). We find systematic differences in disclosure choices by firms subject to the AMT consistent with their attempting to influence perceptions of the effectiveness of the AMT. We believe these findings support the inference that firms will differentially respond to increased tax disclosures under...
Political stewardship accounting for good governance in Ekiti state, Nigeria
September 2009
This paper aimed at analyzing the importance of stewardship accounting in government ministries in Ekiti State and the causes of mismanagement in government-sector finance. The population comprised four thousand principal officers in the sixteen local governments of Ekiti State of Nigeria out of which four hundred were stratifiedly selected from each local government. The data were gathered through questionnaires while...
Determinants of corporate financial reporting lag: the French empirical evidence
September 2009
This paper focuses on studying why some managers of listed companies decide to disclose their financial numbers later than others who opt to publish earlier. This research concentrates on both statutory annual financial disclosures in France: the earnings announcements date and the full financial statements release date. The reporting lag is in fact a pivotal issue, since there is increasing demand from investors for...
Goodwill impairment after business combination among Jordanian shareholding companies
July 2009
This study examined whether external users of financial statements are capable of assessing goodwill impairment apart from management. This study aimed at investigating goodwill write-offs resulted from acquisitions among Jordanian shareholding companies in Amman Stock Exchange (ASE) during 1985 - 2005. This study tested for the notion that the seeds of the eventual goodwill write-off are planted at the time of the...
A critical review of Fischer tax compliance model: A research synthesis
July 2009
The primary objective of this paper is to summarize and review extant literature concerning Fischer tax compliance model for a dual purpose. Firstly, the Fischer tax compliance model provides a framework for understanding the influence of those socio-economic and psychological components on tax payers’ compliance decision. We suggest a partial refinement to this model by incorporating another important...
Attitudes toward learning accounting by computers: The impact on perceived skills
April 2009
Accountancy has been significantly affected by information technology. Accounting education curricula, however, still largely ignore the use of computers as tools in the learning process, mainly because of budgetary and timetable constraints. This study investigates the impact of learning accounting by computers on students' perceived skills. The aim of our study was to determine the effectiveness of teaching...
The impact of income tax rates (ITR) on the economic development of Botswana
April 2009
Traditional schools of thought advocated the theory of low income tax rates’ influencing economic development, whereas modern schools of thought propagated the theory of higher income tax rates producing greater economic growth, especially for developed nations. In order to justify these thoughts an attempt was made taking Botswana as a case study to pin point the effect of low and high income tax rates on...
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