April 2015
Antibiotics and antibiotic resistant bacteria in wastewater: Impact on environment, soil microbial activity and human health
In recent years, pharmaceutical compounds (PhCs) have aggravated increasing anxiety, particularly as no legitimate requirements have been set for discharge into surface water bodies of these ubiquitous, persistent and biologically active substances. Massive quantities of antibiotics are used in human and veterinary medicines in all parts of the globe to treat diseases with bacterial origins. After administration,...
April 2015
Bacterial degradation and decolorization of textile dyes by newly isolated Lysobacter sp.
A bacterial strain, P28, with significant capability to decolorize the textile dye, Congo Red and Yellow HEGR was isolated from the effluent collected from a textile industry. Phenotypic characterization and phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA sequence indicated that the bacterial strain belonged to the genus Lysobacter. Bacterial isolate P28 showed a remarkable ability to decolorize azo dyes, including Congo Red and...
April 2015
Resilience and relative virulence of strains of entomopathogenic fungi under interactions of abiotic stress
The objective of this study was to examine the effect of interacting conditions of water stress (0.995-0.96 water activity; aw), elevated temperature (25-37°C) and CO2 (350, 1000 ppm) on growth and sporulation of strains of three entomogenous fungi, Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae and Isaria farinosa. Subsequently, using bioassay systems with locust (Schistocerca gregaria), we examined the effect of...
April 2015
Achromobacter sp. and Virgibacillus pantothenticus as models of thermo-tolerant lipase-producing marine bacteria from North Delta sediments (Egypt)
Sediments of North Delta (Egypt) are a rich source of many thermo-tolerant bacteria, which could be used as a good source of many enzymes. Sediment samples were collected from six different sites in North Delta region. The counts of thermo-tolerant marine bacteria (at 55°C) in sediment samples ranged from 9.8x102 to 6.8x103 CFU g-1. It was found that the occurrence of thermo-tolerant bacteria in North Delta...
April 2015
Potential bacterial pathogens of external ocular infections and their antibiotic susceptibility pattern at Hawassa University Teaching and Referral Hospital, Southern Ethiopia
Bacterial external ocular infection is a common health problem along with increase and spread of drug resistance in Ethiopia. The objective of this study was to identify potential bacterial isolate of external ocular infections and their antimicrobial susceptibility patterns in patients attending eye clinic of the Hawassa University Teaching and Referral Hospital, from December 2012 to April 2013. A total of 281...
April 2015
In vitro antibacterial activity of two plant extracts against Enterococcus faecalis
The antimicrobial activity of two crude plant extracts– Solanum paniculatum L. (jurubeba) and Bixa orellana L. (annatto) against Enterococcus faecalis was tested in vitro, and their efficacy was compared with that of a chemical agent with known antibacterial activity – chlorhexidine digluconate at 0.12% concentration. Extracts were prepared from jurubeba roots and annatto seeds after selection by...
April 2015
Biofilm production by clinical isolates of Staphylococcus epidermidis and its relationship with genotypic profile, presence of virulence-related genes and antibiotic resistance
Staphylococcus epidermidis is considered as the main infectious agent associated with implanted medical devices. This study determined biofilm production and composition, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) profile, antimicrobial susceptibility and presence of virulence-related genes (ica operon, aap, bhp, embp, capB and IS256 transposase) in 49 clinical isolates of S. epidermidis. Twenty-five isolates (51%) were...
April 2015
Isolation and characterization of antibiotic producing Bacillus species in Lake Bogoria, Kenya
Bacilli are a large homogeneous group of bacteria that survive in a wide range of environmental conditions. Formation of resistant spores allows them to survive in high temperature zones where other organisms cannot. Eighty samples were collected and inoculated directly into nutrient broth. Of the eighty samples collected, thirty three exhibited growth. Nine of these were Gram positive rods, twenty were Gram negative...
April 2015
Effect of pH and temperature on the production and activity of Schwanniomyces polymorphus extracellular proteases in fermentation medium
Proteases are among the most studied enzymes due to the great interest with regard to their cleavage of peptide bonds in industrial applications. With the goal of maximizing the advantages of these biocatalysts, new producers of proteolytic enzymes are being prospected from various microhabitats. This study aimed to select a yeast strain with high yield of extracellular proteolytic enzyme and characterize the yield and...
April 2015
Serotyping and antimicrobial resistance of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli and enterohemorrhagic E. coli O157 isolated from children under five years of age with diarrhea in rural Burkina Faso
Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli (DEC) is one of the main causes of acute gastroenteritis in infants and young children in sub-Saharan Africa. This study investigated the prevalence, serotypes and antibiotic resistance patterns of enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) and enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) among diarrheal children in rural Burkina Faso. Stool specimens were collected from 280 children under 5 years of age...
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