Full Length Research Paper
References
|
Acquaye A, Chandonait P (2014). Uganda Supplemental Environmental Assessment, Amendment #1 2014-2019. Bethesda, MD. AIRS Project, Abt Associates Inc. |
|
|
Agbeve SK, Osei-Fosu P, Carboo D (2014). Levels of organochlorine pesticide residues in Mondia whitei, a medicinal plant used in traditional medicine for erectile dysfunction in Ghana. International Journal of Advance Agricultural Research 1:9-16. |
|
|
Agustina de la C, Ethel E, Demetrio R, Concha D, Damià B (2008). Spatial variation of DDT and its metabolites in fish and sediment from Cinca River, a tributary of Ebro River (Spain). Chemosphere, 70(7):1182-1189. |
|
|
Aislabie J, Richards N, Boul H (1997). Microbial degradation of DDTand its residues: A review. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research 40(2):269-282. |
|
|
Åkerblom M (1995). Environmental monitoring of pesticide residues. Guidelines for the SADC Region. |
|
|
Behangana M, Etyang P, Bakamwesiga H, Owiunji I, Martin A (1997). Biodiversity of Karuma Wildlife reserve based on studies conducted in two of the encroached areas, the Kibyama and Mpumwe villages. EPED Project report, Masindi. |
|
|
Birnbaum LS (2002). Health Effects of POPs, Experimental Toxicology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711 USA. |
|
|
Eaton AD, Clesceri LS, Greenberg AE (1995). Standard methods for the examination of Water and Wastewater. 19th Ed ISBN 0-87553-223-3 American Public Health Association. |
|
|
EU Pesticides Database (2020). Food Safety. |
|
|
Fosu Mensah BY, Okoffo ED, Darko G, Gordon C (2016). Assessment of organochlorine pesticide residues in soils and drinking water sources from cocoa farms in Ghana. SpringerPlus 5(1):1-13. |
|
|
Fox SD, Roman JM, Issaq HJ, Nims RW (1998). Metabolic conversion of 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethane (DDD) to 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethylene (DDE) in the male F344/Ncr rat. Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology 35(1):104-108. |
|
|
Fries S, Charles G, Evans WC (1969). Anaerobic degradation of aromatic compounds. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research 40(2):269-282. |
|
|
Gitari W, Makoni T, Somerset V, Babajide O (2018). Spatial Distribution of DDT and Its Metabolites in Soils from Indoor Residual Spraying in Tshilamusi Village, Limpopo. Preprints, 2018080328. |
|
|
Gonzalez M, Karina SBM, Julia EA, Victor JM (2003). Occurrence and distribution of organochlorine pesticides in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) crops from organic production. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 51(5):1353-1359. |
|
|
Guo M, Tao S, Yang Y, Li BG, Cao J, Wang XJ, Liu WX, Xu FL, Wu YN (2005). Population exposure to HCH in Tianjin area. Huan Jing Ke Xue 26(1):164-167. |
|
|
Hellar-Kihampa H (2011). Organochlorine pesticide residues in soil from sugarcane plantations in Kilimanjaro, Tanzania. International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 5(1):247-257. |
|
|
Hwang HM, Park EK, Young TM, Hammock BD (2008). Occurrence of endocrine-disrupting chemicals in indoor dust. Science of the Total Environment 404(1):26-35. |
|
|
International Conference on Harmonisation (ICH) (1995). Harmonised Tripartite Guidelines (1995) on Validation of Analytical Procedure: Text and Methodology. |
|
|
International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) (1994). Nomenclature for the presentation of results of chemical analysis, (IUPAC Recommendations 1994). Pure and applied chemistry 66(3):595-608. |
|
|
John AM, Mahugija JAM, Khamis FA, Lugwisha EHJ (2017). Determination of Levels of Organochlorine, Organophosphorus, and Pyrethroid Pesticide Residues in Vegetables from Markets in Dar es Salaam by GC-MS. International Journal of Analytical Chemistry. |
|
|
Kegley SE, Laura JW (1998). Pesticides in fruits and vegetables. University Science Books, University of California P 87. |
|
|
Manaca MN, Grimalt JO, Gari M, Sacarlal J, Sunyer J, Gonzalez R, Dobaño C, Menendez C, Alonso PL (2012). Assessment of exposure to DDT and metabolites after indoor residual spraying through the analysis of thatch material from rural African dwellings. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 19(3):756-762. |
|
|
Muhugija JAM, Nambela L, Mmochi AJ (2017). Levels and distribution of pesticide residues in soil and sediments in Eastern Lake Tanganyika environs. International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 11(5):2537-2547. |
|
|
Mwangi K, Boga HI, Muigai AW, Kiiyukia C, Tsanuo MK (2010). Degradation of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) by bacterial isolates from cultivated and uncultivated soil. African Journal of Microbiology Research 4(3):185-196. |
|
|
Ngabirano H, Birungi G (2021). Pesticide residues in vegetables produced in rural southwestern uganda, Food Chemistry 370:130972. |
|
|
Nnamuyomba P, Mbabazi J, Ntale M (2014). Dichloro-diphenyl-trichloroethane (DDT) residue levels in marketed silver fish (Rastreneobola argentea) caught from major water bodies in Uganda. African Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry 8(6):94-101. |
|
|
Nyaundi J, Getabu A, Onchieku J, Kinaro Z, Bassa S, Nyamweya C, Hilda N, Getenga Z (2019). Occurrence and distribution of Organochlorine Pesticide Residues in Water and Sediments of Earthen Fish Ponds in South Western Kenya. Uganda Journal of Agricultural Sciences 19(2):47-60. |
|
|
Research Triangle Institute (RTI) (2008). Indoor Residual Spraying for Malaria control. Spray Performance Report for Apac and Oyam Districts, Uganda. Indoor residual spraying (IRS) indefinite quantity contract (IQC). Research Triangle Institute. |
|
|
Roberts J, Ott W (2006). Exposure to Pollutants from House Dust. In book: Exposure Analysis pp. 319-345. |
|
|
Specht W, Pelz S, Gilsbach W (1995). Gas-chromatographic determination of pesiticide residues after clean-up by gel-permeation chromatography and mini-silica-gel chromatography. Fresenius' journal of analytical chemistry 353(2):183-190. |
|
|
Ssebugere P, Wasswa J, Mbabazi J, Nyanzi SA, Kiremire BT, Marco AM (2010). Organochlorine pesticides in soils from south-western Uganda. Chemosphere 78(10):1250-1255. |
|
|
Ssemugabo C, Bradman A, Ssempebwa JC, Sillé F, Guwatudde D (2022). An assessment of health risks posed by consumption of pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables among residents in the Kampala Metropolitan Area in Uganda. International Journal of Food Contamination 9(4):2-14. |
|
|
Tao S, Liu W X, Li XQ, Zhou DX, Li X, Yang YF, Yue DP, Coveney RM (2009). Organo-chlorine pesticide residuals in chickens and eggs at a poultry farm in Beijing, China. Environmental Pollution 157(2):497-502. |
|
|
UN Environment Programe (UNEP) (2000). Stockholm Convention on persistent organic pollutants (POPs), revised in 2019. Text and annexes. |
|
|
U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) (2007). Supplementary Environmental Assessment: Pyrethroid-Based Indoor Residual Spraying and Piloting of DDT Based IRS for Malaria Control in Uganda. Prepared by RTI International. |
|
|
Van den Berg H, Manuweera G, Konradsen F (2017). Global trends in the production and use of DDT for control of malaria and other vector-borne diseases. Malaria Journal 16(1):1-8. |
|
|
Van Dyk JC, Bouwman H, Barnhoorn IEJ, Bornman MS (2010). DDT contamination from indoor residual spraying for malaria control. School of Environmental Sciences and Development, Department of Urology, University of Pretoria, South Africa. |
|
|
Wasswa J, Kiremire BT, Nkedi-Kizza P, Mbabazi J, Ssebugere P (2011). Organochlorine pesticide residues in sediments from the Uganda side of Lake Victoria. Chemosphere 82(1):130-136. |
|
Copyright © 2024 Author(s) retain the copyright of this article.
This article is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0
