Human-wildlife interaction challenges are too much in Africa, particularly in East Africa. The challenges are even larger related to baboons. Anubis baboon (Papio anubis) conflict with humans and the local community attitude towards wildlife study was carried out in the Maze National Park, Ethiopia. It was investigated based on questionnaires, informant interview, focus group discussion and direct observation methods. The study indicated that, 65.19% (n=221) of the respondents had negative attitude towards the Anubis baboon with significant negative correlation (r=-0.739, P<0.05) between crops damaged and attitude towards Anubis baboon. There was significant difference between the attitude towards Anubis baboon and villages distance (F=47.543, P<0.05). About 35.7% (n=121) of the respondents faced serious loss of the maize crop. 60.77% (n=206) of the respondents made use of guarding as an effective method of preventing crop loss. The study shows the existence of strong conflict between Anubis baboon and the people nearby the Park area. Therefore, the Park Administration and the inhabitants should work together to alleviate the problems related to Anubis baboon in order to live in harmony.

Keywords: Anubis baboon, Attitude, Conflict, Crop damage, Maze National Park