Full Length Research Paper
References
|
Acharya BK, Chettri B, Vijayan L (2011). Distribution pattern of trees along an elevation gradient of Eastern Himalaya, India. Oecology 37:329-336. |
|
|
Adane G (2011). Plant Communities, Species Diversity, Seedling Bank and Resprouting in Nandi Forests, Kenya (Doctoral dissertation, Universitätsbibliothek Koblenz). |
|
|
Alemayehu M (2003). Country Pasture/Forage Resource Profiles. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: Addis Ababa University, Faculty of Science, Biology Department. |
|
|
Alemayehu M (2006). Range management for eastern Africa: Concepts and practice. Addis Ababa University printing press. Addis Ababa. |
|
|
Alemayehu WE (2007). Ethiopian Church Forests: opportunities and challenges for restoration, PhD thesis, Wageningen Univeristy, Wageningen, The Netherlands. |
|
|
Alexander R, Millington A (2000). Vegetation Mapping: From Patch to Planet. Chichester, United Kingdom: Wiley. |
|
|
Amsalu S (2000). Herbaceous species composition, dry matter and condition of the major grazing areas in the middle rift valley, Ethiopia. MSc Thesis. Hramaya University, Dire Dewa, Ethiopia. |
|
|
Angassa A (2014). Effects of grazing intensity and bush encroachment on herbaceous specie and rangeland condition in southern Ethiopia. Land degradation and Development 25:438-451. |
|
|
Austrheim G (2002). Plant diversity patterns in semi-natural grasslands along an elevational gradient in southern Norway. Plant Ecology 161(2):193-205. |
|
|
Aynekulu E, Manfred D, Tsegaye D (2009). Regeneration response of Juniperus procera and Olea europaea subsp cuspidata to exclosure in a dry Afromontane Forest in Northern Ethiopia. Mountain Research and Development 29:143-152. |
|
|
Billi P, Alemu Y T, Ciampalini R (2015). Increased frequency of flash floods in Dire Dawa, Ethiopia: Change in rainfall intensity or human impact? Natural Hazards 76(2):1373-1394. |
|
|
Brinkmann K, Patzelt A, Dickhoefer U, Schlecht E, Buerkert A (2009). Vegetation patterns and diversity along an altitudinal and a grazing gradient in the Jabal al Akhdar Mountain range of northern Oman. Arid Environment 73:1035-1045. |
|
|
Bruun HH, Moen J, Virtanen R, Grytnes JA, Oksanen L, Angerbjorn A (2006). Effects of altitude and topography on species richness of vascular plants, bryophytes and lichens in alpine communities. Journal of Vegetation Science 17:37-46. |
|
|
Carpenter C (2005). The environmental control of plant species density on a Himalayan elevation gradient. Journal of Biogeography 32(6):999-1018. |
|
|
Chawla A, Rajkumar S, Singh K, Lal B, Singh R, Thukral A (2008). Plant species diversity along an altitudinal gradient of Bhabha Valley in western Himalaya. Journal of Mountain Science 5:157-177. |
|
|
Dalle G, Maass BL, Isselstein J (2015). Rangeland condition and trend in the semi-arid Borana lowlands, southern Oromia, Ethiopia. African Journal of Range and Forage Science 23(1):49-58. |
|
|
Deribe G (2006). Humbo community-managed natural regeneration project final report. Report, Humbo Regeneration Project, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. |
|
|
Fetene M, Assefa Y, Gashaw M, Woldu Z, Beck E (2006). Diversity of afroalpine vegetation and ecology of tree line species in the Bale Mountains, Ethiopia, and the influence of fire. In: Spehn EM, Liberman M, Körner C, editors. Land Use Change and Mountain Biodiversity. New York, NY: CRC, pp. 25-38. |
|
|
Feyera S, Christine S, Tadese W, Hans J, Manfred D (2014). Plant diversity, vegetation structure and relationship between Plant communities and environmental variables in The Afromontane forests of Ethiopia, SINET: Ethiopian Journal of Science 37(2):113-130. |
|
|
Getachew T, Tamrat B, Sebsebe D (2008). Dry land woody vegetation along an altitudinal gradient on the Eastern escarpment of Welo, Ethiopia. Sinet: Ethiopian Journal of Science 31(1):43-54. |
|
|
Gunnar A, Ove E (2001). Plant Species Diversity and Grazing in the Scandinavian Mountains: Patterns and Processes at Different Spatial Scales. Ecography 24(6):683-695. |
|
|
Hoshino A, Yoshihara Y, Sasaki T, Okayasu T, Jamsran U, Okuro T, Takeuchi K (2009). Comparison of vegetation changes along grazing gradients with different numbers of livestock. Journal of Arid Environments 73:687-690. |
|
|
Huston MA (1994). Biological diversity: the coexistence of species. Cambridge University Press. |
|
|
Jin TZ, Bin X, Min L (2013). Vegetation Patterns and Species Diversity Along Elevational and Disturbance Gradients in the Baihua Mountain Reserve, Beijing, China. International Mountain Society 33(2):170-178. |
|
|
Jin-Tun Z, Mi Z, Rui M (2016). Effects of altitude and disturbance gradients on forest diversity in the Wulingshan Nature Reserve, North China. Environ Earth Science 75:904-1009 |
|
|
Kebrom T, Backeus I, Skuglund J, Zerihun W (1997). Vegetation on hillslopes of Wello, Ethiopia: Degradation and regeneration. Nordes Journal of Biotechnology 17(5):483-493. |
|
|
Leul K, Tamrat B, Sileshi N (2010). Vegetation Composition in Hugumbirda-Gratkhassu National Forest Priority Area, South Tigray. MEJS 2(2):27-48. |
|
|
Leul K, Sileshi N, Zerihun W (2015). The effects of disturbance on the population structure and regeneration potential of five dominant wood species in Hugumburda Gratkhassu National Forest Priority Area, Northeastern Ethiopia. African Journal of Ecology 54(1):20-28. |
|
|
Lovett JC, Marshall AR, Carr J (2006). Changes in tropical forest vegetation along an altitudinal gradient in the Udzungwa Mountains National Park, Tanzania. African Journal of Ecology 44:478-490. |
|
|
Maestre FT (2004). On the importance of patch attributes, environmental factors and past human impacts as determinants of perennial plant species richness and diversity in Mediterranean Semiarid Steppes. Diversity Distribution 10:21-29. |
|
|
Magurran AE (2004). Measuring Biological Diversity. Blackwell publishing. Australia. |
|
|
Markos K, Simon S (2015). Floristic composition, vegetation structure, and regeneration status of woody plant species of Oda forest of Humbo Carbon Project, Wolaita, Ethiopia. Journal of Botany. |
|
|
Melese B, Wendawek A (2016). Floristic Composition and Vegetation Structure of Woody Species in Lammo Natural Forest in Tembaro Woreda, Kambata-Tambaro Zone, Southern Ethiopia. American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry 4(2):49-55. |
|
|
Mueller Dombois D, Ellenberg H (1974). Aims and Methods of Vegetation Ecology. John Wiley and Sons, London. |
|
|
Muhumuza M, Byarugaba D (2009). Impact of land use on the ecology of uncultivated plant species in the Rwenzori mountain range, mid-western Uganda. African Journal of Ecology 47:614-621. |
|
|
Oba G, Veetas OR, Stenseth NC (2011). Relationships between biomass and plant species richness in arid zone grazing lands. Journal of Applied Ecology 38:836-845. |
|
|
Ole R, Vetaa S, John A, Grytne S (2002). Distribution of vascular plant species richness and endemic richness along the Himalayan elevation gradient in Nepal. Global Ecology and Biogeography 11:291-230. |
|
|
Otypkova Z, Chytry M, Tichy L, Pechanec V, Jongepier JW, Hajek O (2011). Floristic diversity patterns in the White Carpathians biosphere reserve, Czech Republic. Biologia 66:266-274. |
|
|
R Development Core Team (RDCT) (2015). R: a language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing. |
|
|
Ru W, Zhang J-T (2012). Ecological study of forests dominated by endangered species, Taxus chinensis var. mairei, in Shanxi of China. Applied Ecology and Environment Research 10(4):457-470. |
|
|
Sharma CM, Suyal S, Gairola S, Ghildiyal SK (2009). Species richness and diversity along an altitudinal gradient in moist temperate forest of Garhwal Himalaya. Journal American Science 5(5):119-128. |
|
|
Sisay A (2006). Qualitative and Quantitative Aspects of Animal Feed in Different Agroecological Areas of North Gonder. MSc. Thesis. Alemaya University ,Dire Dawa. |
|
|
Soromessa T, Teketay D, Demissew S (2004). Ecological study of the vegetation in Gamo Gofa zone, southern Ethiopia. Tropical Ecology 45(2):209-222. |
|
|
Sproull GJ, Quigley MF, Sher A, Gonzalez E (2015). Long-term changes in composition, diversity and distribution patterns in four herbaceous plant communities along an elevation gradient. Journal of Vegetation Science 26:552-563. |
|
|
Tainton NM (1986). A system for assessing range condition in South Africa. In: Joss PJ, Lynch PW and Williams OB (Eds). Rangelands: a resource under siege. Proceedings of the 2nd International Rangeland Congress, Australian Academy of Sciences, Canberra, pp. 524-534. |
|
|
Tessema ZK, De Boer RM, Baars T, HHT Prins (2011). Changes in vegetation structure, herbaceousbiomass and soil nutrients in response to grazing in semiâ€arid savannas in Ethiopia. Journal of Arid Environment 75:662-670. |
|
|
Tibebu Y, Teshome S (2015). Carbon Stock Variations along Altitudinal and Slope Gradient in the Forest Belt of Simen Mountains National Park, Ethiopia. American Journal of Environmental Protection 4(4):199-201. |
|
|
Virtanen R, Luoto M, Rama T, Mikkola K, Hjort J, Grytnes JA, Birks HJB (2010). Recent vegetation changes at the high-latitude tree line ecotone are controlled by geomorphological disturbance, productivity and diversity. Global Ecology and Biogeography 19:810-821. |
|
|
Yohannes H, Teshome S, Mekuria A (2015). Carbon stock analysis along altitudinal gradient in gedo forest: Implications for forest management and climate change mitigation. American Journal of Environmental Protection 4(5):237-244. |
|
|
Zewde A (2014). Distribution of the Woody Vegetation along the Altitudinal range from Abay (Blue Nile) Gorge to Choke Mountain, East Gojjam Zone, Amhara National Regional State, Northwest Ethiopia. MSc. Thesis, Department of Plant Biology and Biodiversity Management, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia. |
|
|
Zhang J-T, Ru WM, Li B (2006). Relationships between vegetation and climate on the Loess Plateau in China. Folia Geobotanica 41:151-163. |
|
|
Zhang J-T, Xu B, Li M (2013). Vegetation patterns and species diversity along elevational and disturbance gradients in the Baihua Mountain Reserve, Beijing, China. Mt Research Development 33(2):170-178. |
|
|
Zhang J-T, Zhang F (2007). Diversity and composition of plant functional groups in mountain forests of the Lishan Nature Reserve, North China. Botanical Studies 48:339-348. |
|
|
Zhang J-T, Zhang B, Qian ZY (2015). Functional diversity of Cercidiphyllum japonicum, communities in the Shennongjia Reserve, central China. Journal of Forestry Research 26(1):171-177. |
|
Copyright © 2024 Author(s) retain the copyright of this article.
This article is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0
