Full Length Research Paper
References
Agrawal A, Gibson C (1999). Enchantment and disenchantment: The role of community in natural resource conservation. World Dev. 27:629-649. |
|
Bajracharya SB, Furley PA, Newton AC (2006). Impacts of community-based conservation on local communities in the Annapurna Conservation Area, Nepal. Biodivers. Conserv. 15:2765-2786. |
|
Baral N, Stern M, Heinen J (2007). Integrated conservation and development project life cycles in the Annapurna Conservation Area, Nepal: Is development overpowering conservation? Biodivers. Conserv. 16:2903-2917. |
|
Bauch SC, Sills EO, Pattanayak SK (2014). Have we managed to integrate conservation and development? ICDP impacts in the Brazilian Amazon. World Dev. 64:S135-S148. |
|
Berkes F (2004). Rethinking community-based conservation. Conserv. Bio. 18:621-630. |
|
Borman R (2008). Ecotourism and conservation: the Cofan experience. In: Stronza A, Durham WH (Ed.), Ecotourism and conservation in the Americas, CAB International: Cambridge, MA. pp. 21-29. |
|
Brooks J, Franzen M, Holmes C, Grote M, Borgerhoff M (2006). Testing hypotheses or the success of different conservation strategies. Conserv. Biol. 20(5):1528-1538. |
|
Brown K (2003). Integrating conservation and development: A case of institutional misfit. Front. Ecol. Environ. 1:479-487. |
|
Bryant RL, Bailey S (1997). Third world political ecology. Routledge, New York. |
|
Child B, Dalal-Clayton B (2004). Transforming approaches to CBNRM: Learning from the Luangwa experience in Zambia. In: McShane TO, Wells M (Ed.). Getting biodiversity projects to work: Towards more effective conservation and development. Columbia University Press, New York, NY. |
|
Cora J, Calfucura E (2012). Ecotourism and the development of indigenous communities: The good, the bad and the ugly. Ecol. Econ. 73:47-55. |
|
Dahal S, Nepal SK, Schuett MA (2014). Examining marginalized communities and local conservation institutions: The case of Nepal's Annapurna Conservation Area. Environ. Manag. 53:219-230. |
|
Ferguson J (1990). The Anti-politics machine: Development, depoliticization, and bureaucratic power in Lesotho. Cambridge University Press, New York. |
|
Gupte M (2004). Participation in a gendered environment: The case of community forestry in India. Hum. Ecol. 32:365-382. |
|
Hough JL, Sherpa MN (1989). Bottom up vs. basic needs: Integrating conservation and development in the Annapurna and Michiru Mountain conservation areas of Nepal and Malawi. |
|
Hughes R, Flintan F (2001). Integrating conservation and development experience: A review and bibliography of the ICDP literature. International Institute for Environment and Development, London. |
|
Karanth KK, Nepal SK (2012). Local residents perception of benefits and losses from protected areas in India and Nepal. Env. Manage. 49:372-386. |
|
Mbaiwa J, Stronza A (2011). Changes in resident attitudes towards tourism development and conservation in the Okavango Delta, Botswana. J. Environ. Manag. 92:1950-1959. |
|
McShane TO, Newby SA (2004). Expecting the unattainable: The assumptions behind ICDPs. In: McShane TO, Wells MP (Ed.). Getting biodiversity projects to work: Towards more effective conservation and cevelopment. Columbia Univ Press, New York. |
|
Miller TR, Minteer BA, Malan LC (2011). The new conservation debate: The view from practical ethics. Biol. Conserv.144:948-957. |
|
MoCTCA (2014). Government of Nepal: Ministry of Culture, Tourism and Civil Aviation. Accessed September 20 2014. |
|
Murshed SM, Gates S (2005). Spatial-horizontal inequality and the Maoist insurgency in Nepal. Rev. Dev. Econ. 9:121-134. |
|
Nepal SK, Weber KE (1993). Struggle for existence: Park-people conflict in the Royal Chitwan National Park, Nepal. Division of Human Settlements Development, Asian Institute of Technology, Bangkok. |
|
Neumann RP (1997). Primitive ideas: Protected area buffer zones and the politics of land in Africa. Dev. Change 28:559-582. |
|
Nightingale AJ, Ojha HR (2013). Rethinking power and authority: Symbolic violence and subjectivity in Nepal's Terai forests. Dev. Change 44:29-51. |
|
NTNC (2009). Management plan of Annpurna Conservation Area. National Trust for Nature Conservation, Kathmandu, Nepal. |
|
Oates J (1999). Myth and reality in the rain forest: How conservation strategies are failing in West Africa. University of California Press, Berkeley. |
|
Robbins P (2012). Political ecology: A critical introduction. John Wiley & Sons Ltd, United Kingdom. |
|
Sommerville M, Jones J, Rahajaharison M, Milner-Gulland E (2010). The role of fairness and benefit distribution in community-based payment for environmental services interventions: A case study from Menabe, Madagascar. Ecol. Econ. 69:1262-1271. |
|
Songorwa AN (1999). Community-based wildlife management (CWM) in Tanzania: Are the communities interested? World Dev. 27:2061-2079. |
|
Spiteri A, Nepal SK (2006). Incentive-based conservation programs in developing countries: A review of some key issues and suggestions for improvements. Environ. Manag. 37:1-14. |
|
Spiteri A, Nepal SK (2008). Evaluating local benefits from conservation in Nepal's Annapurna Conservation Area. Environ. Manag. 42:391-401. |
|
Terborgh J (1999). Requiem for nature. Island Press, Washington DC. |
|
Thapa SK (2013). Do protected areas and conservation incentives contribute to sustainable livelihoods? A case study of Bardia National Park, Nepal. J. Environ. Manag.128:988-999. |
|
Waylen K, Fischer A, McGowan P, Milner-Gulland E (2013). Deconstructing community for conservation: Why simple assumptions are not sufficient. Hum. Ecol. 41:575-585. |
|
Wells M (1994). A profile and interim assessment of the Annapurna Conservation Area Project, Nepal. In: Western D, Wright RM (Ed.). Natural connections: Perspectives in community-based conservation. Island Press, Washington, DC. |
|
Wells M, Brandon K, Hannah L (1992). People and parks: An analysis of projects linking protected area management with local communities. World Bank, World Wildlife Fund and USAID, International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, Washington, DC. |
|
Wells M, McShane T, Dublin H, O'Connor S, Redford K (2004). The future of integrated conservation and development projects: Building on what works. In: McShane T, Wells M (Ed.). Getting biodiversity projects to work: Towards more effective conservation and development. Columbia University Press, New York. |
|
Wilshusen PR, Brechin SR, Fortwangler CL, West PC (2002). Reinventing a square wheel: Critique of a resurgent "protection paradigm" in international biodiversity conservation. Soc. Nat. Resour. 15:17-40. |
|
Winkler R (2011). Why do ICDPs fail? The relationship between agriculture, hunting and ecotourism in wildlife conservation. Res. Energy Econ. 33:55-78. |
|
Young EH (2003). Balancing conservation with development in marine- dependent communities. In: Zimmerer KS, Bassett TJ (Ed.). Political ecology: An integrative approach to geography and environment-development studies. The Guilford Press, New York. |
|
Zinda JA, Yang J, Xue X, Cheng H (2014). Varying impacts of tourism participation on natural resource use in communities in Southwest China. Hum. Ecol. 42:1-13. |
Copyright © 2024 Author(s) retain the copyright of this article.
This article is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0