International Journal of
Biodiversity and Conservation

  • Abbreviation: Int. J. Biodivers. Conserv.
  • Language: English
  • ISSN: 2141-243X
  • DOI: 10.5897/IJBC
  • Start Year: 2009
  • Published Articles: 679

Full Length Research Paper

Incidences of fetal deaths in rescued female leopards (Panthera-pardus) of Shivalik Hills in Northern India

Vijay Kumar
  • Vijay Kumar
  • Monkey Sterilization Centre, DNP Gopalpur- Zoo, Distt ? Kangra, H. P, PIN 176059, India.
  • Google Scholar


  •  Received: 11 October 2014
  •  Accepted: 28 November 2014
  •  Published: 28 February 2015

References

 

Balme GA, Slotow R, Hunter LTB (2009). Impact of conservation interventions on the dynamics and persistence of a persecuted leopard population. Biol. Conserv. 142:2681–2690.
Crossref

 

Balme GA, Batchelor A, Woronin Britz N, Seymour G, Grover M, Hes L, Macdonal DW, Hunter LTB (2012). Reproductive success of female leopards Panthera pardus:the importance of top-down processes. Mammal. Rev. 43(3): 1-17.

 

 

Bailey TN (1993). The African Leopard: Ecology and Behavior of a Solitary Felid.Columbia University Press.

 

 

Bailey TN (2005). The African leopard: ecology and behaviour of a solitary felid, 2nd edn. BlackburnPress, New Jersey.

 

 

Berchielli LT, Tullar BF (1981). A comparison of a leg snare with a standard leg-gripping trap. New York Fish and Game J. 27:63-71.

 

 

Englund J (1982). A comparison of injuries to leg-hold trapped and foot snared red foxes. J. Wildl. Man. 46 : 1113-1117.
Crossref

 

 

Friedman H, Case V (2002). "Davidson"(On-line). Leopard (Panthera Pardus). Accessed March,http://www.bio.davidson.edu/people/vecase/behavior/Spring2002/Friedman/friedman.html.

 

 

Goodrich JM, Kerley LL, Schleyer BO, Miquelle DG, Quigley KS, Smirnov YN, Nikolae IG, Quigley HB, Hornocker M.H (2001). Capture and chemical anesthesia of Amur (Siberian) tigers. Wildlife Societ. Bull. 29:533-542.

 

 

Gurnell J (1982). Trap deaths in woodland rodents. Acta Theriol. 27:139-147.
Crossref

 

 

Henschel P, Hunter L, Breitenmoser U, Purchase N, Packer C, Khorozyan I, Bauer H, Marker L, Sogbohossou E, Breitenmoser-Wursten C (2008). Panthera pardus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2014.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 12 September 2014.

 

 

Karabi D, Athreya V, Morten O, Linnell J (2012) Chemical Immobilization of Leopard panthera pardus in the wild for collaring in mMaharashtra, India. J. Bom. Nat. Hist. Soci. 109(3):153-157.

 

 

Kurade NP, Pati US, Kishtwaria RS, Sahoo A (2012). Causes of mortality in leopards (Panthera pardus)in Himachal Pradesh. Indian J. Vet. Pathol. 36(2):209-211.

 

 

Logan K, Sweanor LL, Smith JF, Hornocker MG (1999). Capturing pumas with foot-hold snares. Wildl. Society. Bull. 27:201-208.

 

 

Macaskill S (2009). "Wildlife Pictures Online" (On-line). Leopard Information. Accessed March 25, 2009 athttp://www.wildlife-pictures-online.com/leopard-information.html.

 

 

McKinstry MC, Anderson SH (1998). Using snares to live capture beaver, Castor canadensis. Canad. Field Nat. 112:469-473.

 

 

Mishra C (2001). High altitude survival: conflicts between pastoralism and wildlife in the trans Himalayas Dissertation, Wageningen Univer sity, Wageningen, The Netherlands.

 

 

Mishra C, SE Van Wieren, IM A Heitkonig, Prins HHT (2002). A theoretical analysis of competitive exclusion in a trans-Himalayan large herbivore assemblage. Anim. Conserv. 5 :251-258.
Crossref

 

 

Noonan B (2002). Collaring coyotes. Wildl. Cont. Tech. 9:24-25, 44.

 

 

Onderka DK, Skinner DL, Todd AW (1990). Injuries to coyotes and other species caught by four models of footholding devices. Wildl. Soc. Bull. 18:175-182.

 

 

Owen C, Niemann S, Slotow R (2010). Copulatory parameters and reproductive success of wild leopards in South Africa. J. Mammal. 91:1178–1187.
Crossref

 

 

Perrin MR (1975). Trap deaths. Acta Theriol. 20:167-174. DOI :10.1139/Z06-048
Crossref

 

 

Pettorelli N, Durant SM (2007). Longevity in cheetahs: the key tosuccess? Oikos. 116:1879-1886.
Crossref

 

 

Pettorelli N, Durant SM (2007). Family effects on early survival and variance in long-term reproductive success of female cheetahs. J. Ani. Ecol. 76:908-914.
Crossref

 

 

Ramesh T (2010). Prey selection and food habits of large carnivores:tiger Panthera tigris, leopard Panthera pardus and dhole Cuonalpinus in Mudumalai Tiger Reserve, Tamil Nadu. PhD thesis.Saurashtra University, Rajkot, India.

 

 

Seidensticker J, Sunquist ME, McDougal C (1990). Leopards living on the edge of the Royal Chitwan National Park, Nepal. In: Daniel JC, Serrao JS (eds) Conservation in Developing Countries: Problems and Prospects 415–432. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK.

 

 

Stander PE (1997). Field age determination of leopards by tooth wear. Afri. J. Ecol. 35:156-161.
Crossref

 

 

Skinner DL, Todd AW (1990). Evaluating efficiency of foot holding devices for coyot capture. Wildl. Soc. Bull. 18:166-175.

 

 

Vijay K, Vipin K, Anshu R (2012). Mortality in free range rescued wild animals of Shivalik Hills of Himachal Pradesh, India. Vet. Sci. Dev. 2: 4-6.