Abstract

The biodiesel potential of waste avocado fruit was investigated. This study is essential for utilizing the enormous waste generated from avocado cultivation in Nigeria. Biodiesel was produced using a two-step acid-base catalyzed transesterification process. The acid catalyzed esterification step was required to convert the free fatty acids present in the oil to methyl esters. Important biodiesel properties such as flash point, viscosity, cetane value and density were determined to be 154?C, 5.58 cSt, 62.69 and 873 kg/m3 respectively. The optimum condition for maximum biodiesel yield was established. The engine performance test was carried out using a Perkins diesel engine, the effect of break power and engine speed on both Break Thermal Efficiency (BTE) and Break Specific Fuel Consumption (BSFC) of the biodiesel and its blend were studied while performing at average load. The emission test was carried out using a portable gas analyzer. The CO and HC emission from the APO (Avocado pear Oil) biodiesel was significantly lower than that of petrol diesel but with slightly higher traces of NOX present. The obtained results showed that APO biodiesel can be comfortably used in a compression ignition engine without undergoing any modification while also generating better emission.

Key words: Biodiesel, avocado oil, transesterification reaction, engine test, emission test.