Full Length Research Paper
References
|
Akindele MO, Phillips JS, Igumbor EU (2016). The Relationship Between Body Fat Percentage and Body Mass Index in Overweight and Obese Individuals in an Urban African Setting. J. Public Health Afr. 7(1):515. |
|
|
Alberti KG, Zimmet P, Shaw J (2005). The IDF Epidemiology Task Force Consensus Group: The metabolic syndrome: a new worldwide definition. Lancet 366:1059-1062. |
|
|
American Diabetes Association (ADA) (2017). American Diabetes Association Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes. Classification and diagnosis of diabetes. Diabetes Care 40(Suppl. 1):S11-S24. |
|
|
Araneta MR, Kanaya AM, Hsu WC, Chang HK, Grandinetti A, Boyko EJ, Hayashi T, Kahn SE, Leonetti DL, McNeely MJ, Onishi Y, Sato KK, Fujimoto WY (2015). Optimum BMI cut points to screen Asian Americans for type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 38(5):814-820. |
|
|
Bentley AR, Rotimi CN (2017). Interethnic Differences in Serum Lipids and Implications for Cardiometabolic Disease Risk in African Ancestry Populations. Glob. Heart 12(2):141-150. |
|
|
Castro AVB, Kolka CM, Kim SP, Begma RN (2014). Obesity, insulin resistance and comorbidities – Mechanisms of association. Arq. Bras. Endocrinol. Metabol. 58(6):600-609. |
|
|
Cheong KC, Yusoff AF, Ghazali SM, Lim KH, Selvarajah S, Haniff J, Khor GL, Shahar S, Rahman JA, Zainuddin AA, Mustafa AN (2013). Optimal BMI cut-off values for predicting diabetes, hypertension and hypercholesterolaemia in a multi-ethnic population. Public Health Nutr. 16(3):453-459. |
|
|
Chobanian AV, Bakris GL, Black HR, Cushman WC, Green LA, Izzo JL Jr, Jones DW, Materson BJ, Oparil S, Wright JT Jr, Roccella EJ (2003). Seventh report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure. Hypertension 42(6):1206-1252. |
|
|
Clark DO, Unroe KT, Xu H, Keith NR, Callahan CM, Tu W (2016). Sex and Race Differences in the Relationship between Obesity and C-Reactive Protein. Ethn. Dis. 26(2):197-204. |
|
|
Deurenberg P, Deurenberg-Yap M (2003). Validity of body composition methods across ethnic population groups. Forum Nutr. 56:299-301. |
|
|
Di Angelantonio E, Bhupathiraju SN, Wormser D, Gao P, Kaptoge S, de Gonzalez AB, Cairns BJ, Huxley R, Jackson CL, Joshy G, Lewington S (2016). Body-mass index and all-cause mortality: individual-participant-data meta-analysis of 239 prospective studies in four continents. Lancet 388(10046):776-786. |
|
|
Egbe EO, Asuquo OA, Ekwere EO, Olufemi F, Ohwovoriole AE (2014). Assessment of anthropometric indices among residents of Calabar, South-East Nigeria. Indian J. Endocrinol. Metab. 18(3):386-393. |
|
|
Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (EPDETHBCA) (2001). Executive summary of the Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) expert panel on detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood cholesterol in adults (Adult Treatment Panel III). JAMA 285(19):2486-2497. |
|
|
Flegal KM, Kit BK, Orpana H, Graubard BI (2013). Association of all-cause mortality with overweight and obesity using standard body mass index categories: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA 309(1):71-82. |
|
|
Fukui A (2000). Relationship between obesity, total plasma cholesterol and blood pressure in male adults. Sangyo Eiseigaku Zasshi 42(4):119-124. |
|
|
Gupta S, Kapoor S (2012). Optimal cut-off values of anthropometric markers to predict hypertension in North Indian population. J. Commun. Health 37(2):441-447. |
|
|
Heymsfield SB, Peterson CM, Thomas DM, Heo M, Schuna JM (2016). Why are there race/ethnic differences in adult body mass index-adiposity relationships? A quantitative critical review. Obes. Rev. 17(3):262-275. |
|
|
Hunma S, Ramuth H, Miles-Chan JL, Schutz Y, Montani JP, Joonas N, Dulloo AG (2016). Body composition-derived BMI cut-offs for overweight and obesity in Indians and Creoles of Mauritius: comparison with Caucasians. Int. J. Obes. 40(12):1906-1914. |
|
|
International Diabetes Federation (IDF) (2017). IDF Clinical Practice Recommendations for Managing Type 2 Diabetes in Primary Care. Available at: |
|
|
Jensen MD, Ryan DH, Apovian CM, Ard JD, Comuzzie AG, Donato KA, Hu FB, Hubbard VS, Jakicic JM, Kushner RF, Loria CM, Millen BE, Nonas CA, Pi-Sunyer FX, Stevens J, Stevens VJ, Wadden TA, Wolfe BM, Yanovski SZ, Jordan HS, Kendall KA, Lux LJ, Mentor-Marcel R, Morgan LC, Trisolini MG, Wnek J, Anderson JL, Halperin JL, Albert NM, Bozkurt B, Brindis RG, Curtis LH, DeMets D, Hochman JS, Kovacs RJ, Ohman EM, Pressler SJ, Sellke FW, Shen WK, Smith SC Jr, Tomaselli GF (2014). 2013 AHA/ACC/TOS Guideline for the Management of Overweight and Obesity in Adults. A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines and The Obesity Society. Circulation. 129(25 Suppl 2):S102-138. |
|
|
Kautzky-Willer A, Harreiter J, Pacini G (2016). Sex and Gender Differences in Risk, Pathophysiology and Complications of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Endocr. Rev. 37(3):278-316. |
|
|
Kishore MKB, Sapthagirivasan V, Anburajan M (2011). Community-specific BMI cutoff points for south Indian females. J. Obes. 2011:1-8. |
|
|
Korean and US populations: Comparisons of representative nationwide sample data. Obes. Res. Clin. Pract. 10(6):642-651. |
|
|
Logue J, Walker JJ, Colhoun HM, Leese GP, Lindsay RS, McKnight JA, Morris AD, Pearson DW, Petrie JR, Philip S (2011). Do men develop type 2 diabetes at lower body mass indices than women? Diabetologia 54(12):3003-3006. |
|
|
Midha T, Krishna V, Nath B, Kumari R, Rao YK, Pandey U, Kaur S (2014). Cut-off of body mass index and waist circumference to predict hypertension in Indian adults. World J. Clin. Cases 2(7):272-278. |
|
|
Misra A (2015). Ethnic-Specific Criteria for Classification of Body Mass Index: A Perspective for Asian Indians and American Diabetes Association Position Statement. Diabetes Technol. Ther. 17(9):667-671. |
|
|
Ononamadu CJ, Ezekwesili CN, Onyeukwu OF, Umeoguaju UF, Ezeigwe OC, Ihegboro GO (2017). Comparative analysis of anthropometric indices of obesity as correlates and potential predictors of risk for hypertension and prehypertension in a population in Nigeria. Cardiovasc. J. Afr. 28(2):92-99. |
|
|
Palaniappan LP, Carnethon MR, Fortmann SP (2002). Heterogeneity in the Relationship Between Ethnicity, BMI, and Fasting Insulin. Diabetes Care 25(8):1351-1357. |
|
|
Pan S, Yu ZX, Ma YT, Liu F, Yang YN, Ma X, Fu ZY, Li XM, Xie X, Chen Y, Chen B, He CH (2013). Appropriate Body Mass Index and Waist Circumference Cutoffs for Categorization of Overweight and Central Adiposity among Uighur Adults in Xinjiang. PLoS One 8(11):e80185. |
|
|
Papier K, D'Este C, Bain C, Banwell C, Seubsman S, Sleigh A, Jordan S (2017). Body mass index and type 2 diabetes in Thai adults: defining risk thresholds and population impacts. BMC Public Health 17(1):707. |
|
|
Peter SA, Singhateh Y, Mackay D, Huxley RR, Woodward M (2016). Total cholesterol as a risk factor for coronary heart disease and stroke in women compared with men: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Atherosclerosis 248:123-131. |
|
|
Rahman M, Temple JR, Breitkopf CR, Berenson AB (2009). Racial differences in body fat distribution among reproductive-aged women. Metabolism 58(9):1329-1337. |
|
|
Ranasinghe C, Gamage P, Katulanda P, Andraweera N, Thilakarathne S, Tharanga P (2013). Relationship between Body mass index (BMI) and body fat percentage, estimated by bioelectrical impedance, in a group of Sri Lankan adults: a cross sectional study. BMC Public Health. 13(1):797. |
|
|
Ren Q, Su C, Wang H, Wang Z, Du W, Zhang B (2016). Prospective Study of Optimal Obesity Index Cut-Off Values for Predicting Incidence of Hypertension in 18–65-Year-Old Chinese Adults. PLoS One 11(3):e0148140. |
|
|
Satoh M, Ohkubo T, Asayama K, Murakami Y, Sakurai M, Nakagawa H, Iso H, Okayama A, Miura K, Imai Y, Ueshima H, Okamura T (2015). Combined effect of blood pressure and total cholesterol levels on long-term risks of subtypes of cardiovascular death: Evidence for Cardiovascular Prevention from Observational Cohorts in Japan. Hypertension 65(3):517-524. |
|
|
Sliwa KJ, Lyons G, Carrington MJ, Lecour S, Marais AD, Raal FJ, Stewart S (2012). Different lipid profiles according to ethnicity in the Heart of Soweto study cohort of de novo presentations of heart disease. Cardiovasc. J. Afr. 23(7):389-395. |
|
|
Szczygielska A, Widomska S, Jaraszkiewicz M, Knera P, Muc K (2003). Blood lipids profile in obese or overweight patients. Ann. Univ. Mariae Curie Sklodowska Med. 58(2):343-349. |
|
|
Wilsgaard T, Schirmer H, Arnesen E (2000). Impact of body weight on blood pressure with a focus on sex differences: the Tromso Study, 1986-1995. Arch. Intern. Med. 160(18):2847-2853. |
|
|
Wong RJ, Chou C, Sinha SR, Kamal A, Ahmed A (2014). Ethnic Disparities in the Association of Body Mass Index with the Risk of Hypertension and Diabetes. J. Commun. Health 39(3):437-445. |
|
|
World Health Organization (WHO) (1999). Obesity: preventing and managing the global epidemic; WHO consultation technical report series 894. |
|
|
World Health Organization (WHO) (2000a). Obesity: preventing and managing the global epidemic (No. 894). World Health Organization. Available at: |
|
|
World Health Organization (WHO) (2000b). The Asia-Pacific perspective: redefining obesity and its treatment. Available at: |
|
|
World Health Organization (WHO) (2013). A global brief on hypertension. Silent killer, global public health crisis. Available at: |
|
|
World Health Organization Expert Consultation (2004). Appropriate body-mass index for Asian populations and its implications for policy and intervention strategies. Lancet 363(9403):157-163. |
|
|
Yoon YS, Choi HS, Kim JK, Kim YI, Oh SW (2016). Differences in the associations of anthropometric measures with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus between |
|
|
Zeng Q, He Y, Dong S, Zhao X, Chen Z, Song Z, Chang G, Yang F, Wang Y (2014). Optimal cut-off values of BMI, waist circumference and waist:height ratio for defining obesity in Chinese adults. Br. J. Nutr. 112(10):1735-1744. |
|
Copyright © 2024 Author(s) retain the copyright of this article.
This article is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0
