Full Length Research Paper
Abstract
The objective of this work was to study the distribution of arthropods in the canopy height and leaf surface of different medicinal plants. We observed a higher number of herbivorous insects in the apical leaves of medicinal plants such as Aphis gossypii Glover (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in Taraxacum officinale, Foeniculum vulgare, Artemisia absinthium, and Mentha arvensis; Empoasca sp. (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) in Mentha x villosa and Origanum vulgare; Frankliniella sp. (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) in Calendula officinalis; Lagria villosaFabr. (Coleoptera: Lagriidae) in A. absinthium, Achillea millefolium, and Plantago major;Leptoglossus sp. (Hemiptera: Coreidae) in Ocimum gratissimum and C. officinalis; Sistenasp. (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in C. officinalis and P. major; Trigona spinipes Fabr.(Hymenoptera: Apidae) in Ocimum basilicum and Passiflora sp.1 and Uroleucon ambrosiae(Thomas) f. lizerianum (E. E. Blanchard) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in C. officinalis. While inSymphytum officinale, Empoasca sp. preferred to attack the middle part of the canopy andLiriomyza sp. in Cotyledon orbiculata. It was noted the higher presence herbivorous insects on the abaxial face of leaves of the medicinal plantas such as A. gossypii in T. officinale, F. vulgare, and A. absinthium; Empoasca sp. in M. x villosa, O. gratissimum, Ocimum selloi,Solidago chilensis, S. officinale, and Thymus vulgaris; Frankliniella sp., U. ambrosiae f.lizerianum, and Leptoglossus sp. in C. officinalis; Liriomyza sp. in C. orbiculata; Coccus sp. (Hemiptera: Coccidae) in F. vulgare; Deois flavopicta (Stal) and Zulia entreriana (Berg)(Hemiptera: Cercopidae) in Cymbopogon citratus, Diabrotica speciosa Germ. (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in S. officinale and F. vulgare; L. villosa in S. officinale and F. vulgare;Sistena sp. (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in C. officinalis, M. x villosa, and S. officinale; T. spinipes in O. basilicum; and Xyleus sp. (Orthoptera: Acrididae) in S. officinale, A. absinthium, and Plectranthus barbatus. However, in Acmella oleracea, Coccus sp. preferentially attacked the upper face of the leaves.
Key words: Insecta, fitotherapics, Dossel distribution.
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