September 2011
Blood glucose lowering potential of some herbal plants
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder in the endocrine system. This dreadful disease is found in all parts of the world and is becoming a serious threat to mankind health. There are lots of chemical agents available to control and to treat diabetic patients, but nowadays several medicinal plants have been investigated for their beneficial use in diabetes. The effects of these plants may delay the development of...
September 2011
Ellagitannins: Biosynthesis, biodegradation and biological properties
From the antiquity, the ellagitannins have formed an important part of human diet. With a great relevancy in the field of science and technology, several studies have reported the important benefits of ellagitannins to human and animal health. However, the knowledge and application of these compounds is seriously limited due to their complexity and diversity. One of the unknown facts of ellagitannins is their...
September 2011
Bacillary dysentery: A review
September 2011
Observations on some ethnomedicinal plants in Sathyamangalam forests of Erode district, Tamil Nadu, India
The present paper accentuate the valuable ethnomedicinal data of 65 plant species used by the tribes ‘Irulas and Soligas’ along with botanical name, vernacular name, family, part (s) used, mode of administration and diseases. Modern pharmaceutical industry requires such plants as human healthcare is gaining momentum day by day but the folk claims need to be cross-checked by carrying out detailed...
September 2011
Cytotoxic studies of latex of Euphorbia antiquorum in in vitro models
The isolation and chemical characterization of plant derived compounds and its possible use for human well being requires solid and lengthy research. One of the determinants in this complex evaluation concerns the toxic potential of the studied agent. Our objective was to study the cytotoxicity of the methanolic extract latex of Euphorbia antiquorum using in vitro models namely Saccharomyces...
September 2011
Mathematical modeling of convective thin layer drying of basil leaves
Basil leaves are well known for the medicinal values and grown widely in India. To investigate the effect of different drying conditions on kinetics of basil leaves, the laboratory models of tunnel and tray dryers were employed and air temperatures of 55, 60 and 65°C were considered for the drying. Drying of basil leaves prominently occurred in falling rate period and it was found that basil leaves dried faster in...
September 2011
Susceptibility of a weed Calotropis procera (Ait.) against clinical isolates of dermatophytes
Anti-dermatophytic activity of foliar extract of Calotropis procera in different solvents (petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate and ethyl alcohol) was determined using paper disc diffusion method against three target fungi Microsporum canis (MTCC 3270),Microsporum fulvum (MTCC 7675) and Trichophyton mentagrophytes (MTCC 7250). The results revealed that ethanol is the best...
September 2011
Antimicrobial activity of cashew leaves’ extracts used in cosmetics before and after treatment with activated carbon
With the increasing concern of public health and consumers’ awareness, non-chemical cosmetics are booming worldwide. Natural ingredients such as cashew leaves extract could be an attractive candidate in cosmetic formulation due to this important criteria that antimicrobial activities could minimise or replace the use of synthetic perservatives in cosmetics. However, the plant extracts are normally dark brown and...
September 2011
Allocation of different 14C substrates into primary metabolites in relation to total alkaloid accumulation into Catharanthus roseus plants
Studies were performed using 14C radiolabel to elucidate the extent to which carbon from four sources (CO2, sucrose, glucose and acetate) contribute to the primary metabolites and alkaloids produced by the roots, stems and leaves of Catharanthus roseus plant. 14CO2 derived metabolites were most preferred for biosynthesis of leaf and root alkaloids. Roots were the major accumulators of...
September 2011
The antioxidant and free radical scavenging effect of Avicennia officinalis
Avicennia officinalis is a mangrove plant and is used by coastal village peoples in traditional folk medicine -for a variety of diseases. In general, salt tolerant plants have a more antioxidant profile. In our present study, we examined different types of antioxidant capacity like that of phenolics against DPPH nitroxide, hydroxyl and ABC radicals in two solvent extracts of ethanol and water at...
September 2011
Investigation of genetic variation on different populations of Silybum marianum L. (Fabaceae) by using cytogenetic parameters
This investigation was carried out on different ten diploid populations of Silybum marianumwhich was collected from different regions of Iran. The base number of chromosomes in total studied populations were equal to x = 17. On based of two ways Stebbin's table, all of the population located in the second class of this table, that indicated which total populations are similar as evolutionary. Analysis of...
September 2011
Studies on the genoprotective/antioxidant potential of methanol extract of Anthocephalus cadamba (Roxb.) Miq
Anthocephalus cadamba (Roxb.) Miq. (Rubiaceae), an Ayurvedic medicinal plant is ethnomedicinally widely used in the treatment of fever, anaemia, uterine complaints, blood diseases, skin diseases, leprosy, dysentery, and for improvement of semen quality. The present work was carried out to evaluate the antioxidant potential of methanol extract from the bark of A. cadamba. The Antioxidant activity...
September 2011
Comparison of biological activities of Ribes fasciculatum according to regional differences
Ribes fasciculatum has been traditionally used as febrifuge, diuretic and antidote against urushiol in Korea, although its biological functions have not been well studied. In this study, we determined the anti-oxidant activities, anti-microbial activities and α-glucosidase inhibitory effects of methanol extract and the fractions of R. fasciculatum stem from Chuncheon and Jeju in South Korea....
September 2011
Assessment of the in-vivo and in-vitro antioxidant potential of Strychnos potatorum Linn. seeds in Freund’s adjuvant induced arthritic rats
The Indian system of medicine provides Strychnos potatorum Linn. seeds for the treatment of various ailments like jaundice, bronchitis, diabetes, renal and vesicle calculi, conjunctivitis, chronic diarrhoea, dysentery etc. The present study involves the effect of crude powder (SPP) and aqueous extract (SPE) of S. potatorum Linn seeds on in vivo antioxidant defense system against...
September 2011
Chemical characterization, antioxidant and antifungal activity of essential oil from Eucalyptus tereticornis
Eucalyptus tereticornis (red gum tree, family Myrtaceae), is extensively grown throughout India under various afforestation programmes, primarily for the supply of wood, timber. Unlike, other species of eucalypt known for the presence of volatile oil in their foliage, not much information is available regarding the volatile oils of E. tereticornis and their bioactivity. We extracted and characterized the...
September 2011
Chemical composition and antioxidant activity of Euphorbia fischeriana essential oil from China
The chemical composition of Euphorbia fischeriana essential oil from north China was analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC/MS), 43 components were identified. β- Eudesmol (18.22%), p-Menth-8-en-2-ol (9.36%), Caryophyllene oxide (8.61%), β-Selinenol (6.83%), Cedrol (4.30%) and β-Selinene (4.21%) were the main components...
September 2011
Medicinal plants grown in and around Guskara used by local poor people for treating some common ailments
An ethnobotanical survey was undertaken to collect information about some indigenous medicines used by the poor people in and around Guskara, a moffusil town in Burdwan district, West Bengal, India during the period 2004 and 2005. Information was gathered through questionnaire and personal interviews during field trips. The investigation revealed that, the poor villagers, mainly the tribals use many medicinal plants for...
September 2011
Hypolipidemic effect of soluble dietary fiber (galactomannan) isolated from fenugreek seeds in WNIN (GR-Ob) obese rats
The hypolipidemic effect of a soluble dietary fiber isolated from fenugreek seeds rich in galactomannan was studied in WNIN/GR-Ob a mutant obese rat strain. The study consists of fifty five obese rats randomly divided into five groups of 6 males and 5 females in each group. Group I was fed with control diet, while Group II and IV were fed with diet containing 10 and 20% fenugreek seeds, whereas Group III and V...
September 2011
Characterization of fatty acids in different organs of some Iranian Echium plants
Seeds, leaves and stems of six populations of two Echium species (Family Boraginaceae) from Iran were surveyed for the first time in a search for new sources of γ-linolenic acid (GLA, C18:3ω6), stearidonic acid (SDA, 18:4ω3) and other unsaturated fatty acids. Oils from the corresponding organs were analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass...
September 2011
Average stem biomass of Althaea ficifolia in Shanjan Rangelands, East Azerbaijan, Iran
Plants can be used for animal grazing, in wind erosion control, to reduce water flow rates, and increase evaporation and transpiration. In the NW of Iran (East Azerbaijan Province), rangelands previously used for animal grazing were changed to agricultural land use, in that this vegetation had unsuitable vegetation coverage. Althaea ficifolia was studied to determine its stem biomass characteristics. Data were...
September 2011
Antibacterial effect of phenyl fatty hydroxamic acids synthesized from canola oil
Phenyl fatty hydroxamic acids (PFHAs) were synthesized in a biphasic organic/aqueous medium from canola oil and phenyl hydroxylamine (PHA). The reaction was carried out in a sealed flask, incubated in water batch shaker at 39°C for 72 h and catalyzed by immobilised lipase (Lipozyme TL IM). The products were then separated by filtration, solvent extraction followed by evaporation of the...
September 2011
Salicylic acid-induced physiological responses and monoterpene accumulation in Houttuynia cordata Thunb
Houttuynia cordata Thunb. is a medicinal herb rich in monoterpenes. The roles of salicylic acid (SA) in monoterpene accumulation and physiological responses of H. cordata are still limited in knowledge, hampering its application in the field. After foliar application of 0.01 mM SA, monoterpene contents, antioxidative enzyme activities, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents...
September 2011
Diterpene glycosides from Stevia rebaudiana
A new diterpenoid glycoside, 13-[(2-O-b-D-glucopyranosyl-b-D-glucopyranosyl)oxy] ent-kaur-16-en-19-oic acid-(4-O-(2-O-a-D-glucopyranosyl)-a-D-glucopyranosyl-b-D-glucopyranosyl) ester (1) was isolated from the commercial extract of the leaves of Stevia rebaudiana along with the known steviol glycosides including stevioside, rebaudiosides A-G, rubusoside and dulcoside A. The complete 1H and 13C...
September 2011
ICP-MS determination of trace elements of different growth time in the leaves of Crataegus pinnatifida Bge. var. major
A rapid inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) with semiquantitative modes of analysis using Li, Y, Ce, Tl and Co for external calibration of the equipment was developed to simultaneously determine 53 trace elements in the leaves of Crataegus pinnatifida Bge. var. major. Samples were analyzed directly following an acid digestion with 5 ml of conc. HNO3 by the microwave digestion...
September 2011
Antibacterial and anti-adhesion activity of the pentacyclic triterpenoids isolated from the leaves and edible fruits of Carissa macrocarpa
Four pentacyclic oleanane triterpenes (β-amyrin, methyl oleanolate, oleanolic acid and 3β-hydroxyolean-11-en-28,13β-olide) were isolated from the fruits of Carissa macrocarpawhilst the ursane triterpene, ursolic acid, was isolated from the leaves. 3 β-hydroxyolean-11-en-28,13β-olide has only been found once previously (in the Lamiaceae) and its lactone ring, which contributes significantly...
September 2011
Screening of Chromolaeana odorata (L.) King and Robinson for antibacterial and antifungal properties
Chromolaeana odorata (L.) is classified as an invasive weed in Southern Africa and is a major contributing species towards reduction of land masses for indigenous vegetation. The species have been noted to have some medicinal values abroad. The current investigation on the South African has indicated potential use of the species in traditional medicines. This could assist in alternative use of C....
September 2011
Hydroxytyrosol supplementation inhibits oxidative DNA damage, suppresses protein-lipid oxidation and modulates antioxidant enzymes in human peripheral blood lymphocytes
We investigated the oxidative modifications of DNA, proteins and antioxidants enzymes activities, in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) treated with H2O2 in the presence or absence of hydroxytyrosol. Interestingly, we found a potential protection of DNA from fragmentation after hydroxytyrosol supplementation. In addition, this study showed a prospective protective action of hydroxytyrosol of PBL from the attack...
September 2011
In vitro antimicrobial effects of some herbal essences against oral pathogens
Dental plaque, biofilms of microorganisms on tooth surface, plays an important role in the development of caries and periodontal disease. Our aim was to test in vitro antibacterial activity of some herbal extracts against Actinomyces viscosus, Streptococcus mutans,Streptococcus sobrinus, Lactobacillus fermentum, Lactobacillus casei and Eikenellacorrodens. Hydro alcoholic...
September 2011
Antioxidant and antimicrobial attributes of different solvent extracts from leaves and flowers of akk [Calotropis procera (Ait.) Ait. F.)]
In the present study antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of extracts from leaves and flowers of local Akk (Calotropis procera) were examined. The antioxidant components were extracted using 80% aqueous methanol, 80% aqueous ethanol and 80% aqueous acetone solvents. The antioxidant yield from leaves and flowers of C. procera ranged from 8.48 to 14.07 g/100 g dry weight. The total phenolic and flavanoid...
September 2011
Phylogenetics of selected Plantago species on the basis of rps14 chloroplast gene
Plantago, principal genus of Plantaginaceae family, constitutes about 260 species which are considered medicinally important due to a wide range of biological activities that have been found from the plant extracts. Since ancient times Plantago species have been extensively used for treating diversified diseases and their use is still prevalent today in both traditional and in modern medicine. For insight...
September 2011
Doubling the chromosome number of Salvia hains using colchicine: Evaluation of morphological traits of recovered plants
This study demonstrates a protocol of polyploidy induction in Salvia hains, in order obtained tetraploid five concentrations (0.1, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5 and 0.7%) of colchicine were used to determine the best treatment for the induction of tetraploid plants. Treatment seeds with colchicine for 24 h product tetraploid plants. Ploidy level of the resulting plantlets was determined by morphological study, chromosome counting...
September 2011
Anti-HIV-1 reverse transcriptase activities of hexane extracts from some Asian medicinal plants
Numerous herbal remedies against viral infections, including HIV-1, have been used as a part of Asian traditional medicine. However, the viral protein targets for inhibition by these medications are less well identified. HIV-1 reverse transcriptase is one of the targets, since high-efficiency inhibitors such as non-nucleoside HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor have been successfully used. In this work, hexane...
September 2011
Determination of fatty acid compositions of some important almond (Prunus amygdalus L.) varieties selected from Tokat province and Eagean region of Turkey
This study was conducted to determine the fatty acid composition of Picantili, Ferraduel, Drake and Nonpareil commercial almond species (Prunus amygdalus L.) cultivated in Tokat province under dry conditions; of genotype ST-11 and YD-2 selected from Tokat region; and of 101-13, 300-1, 17-4 sweet almond species, selected from the Aegean region. The percentage and composition of the fatty acids of the samples were...
September 2011
Effects of postharvest applications of calcium nitrate and acetate on quality and shelf-life improvement of “Jonagold†apple fruit
The effects of postharvest application of calcium were investigated on shelf-life and quality of apple fruits (Malus domestica cv. ‘Jonagold’) after harvest or cold storage up to 150 days. The fruits were immersed in deionised water or in different calcium sources (calcium acetate at two calcium concentrations 0.35 and 0.7%w/v and calcium nitrate at two calcium concentrations 0.5 and 1%w/v....
September 2011
Lipid-lowering effect of artichoke on liver phosphatidate phosphohydrolase and plasma lipids in hyperlipidemic rats
Artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) is full of natural antioxidants and has a lipid-lowering effect. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of artichoke on the liver phosphatidate phosphohydrolase (PAP), plasma lipid levels, plasma malondialdehyde (MDA), and plasma antioxidant in hyperlipidemic rats. Male rats were fed by standard pellet diet (Group 1), standard diet supplemented with 10% artichoke (Group...
September 2011
Determination of trace elements of Melicope patulinervia from different part by microwave digestion-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS)
This paper is to determine the contents of zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), cupper (Cu), chromium (Cr), Arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb) in the stems, leaves and the flower ofMelicope patulinervia simultaneously by microwave-digestion and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The average sample-added recovery rate is between 98.14 - 103.37% and its relative standard deviation (RSD) is...
September 2011
Selective cytotoxicity of Carthamus tinctorius against glucose-deprived HT-29 human colon carcinoma cells
Glucose deprivation, a feature of poorly vascularized solid tumors, activates the unfolded protein response (UPR) which is a stress-signaling pathway in tumor cells that is associated with the molecular chaperone, glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78). Induction of GRP78 protects cells against programmed cell death. Methanolic extract of Carthamus tinctorius(CTE) induced selective cytotoxicity in glucose-deprived...
September 2011
Seasonal variation of total phenols in leaves of walnut (Juglans regia L.)
The total phenols content was studied in walnut (Juglans regia L.) leaves of twelve different cultivars, over eight distinct harvest times (June 1st to September 15th). Total phenols content was determined by colorimetric assay and their amount ranged from 15.87 (cv. Jupanesti) to 33.67 mg GAE/100 g (cv. Valrex). Total phenols increase over the months of June and July, then decrease over the month of August,...
September 2011
Chemical composition and toxicities of the essential oil derived from Kadsura heteroclita stems against Sitophilus zeamais and Meloidogyne incognita
In our screening program for new agrochemicals from Chinese medicinal herbs and wild plants, essential oil of Kadsura heteroclite stems was found to possess strong toxicities against the root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita and the maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais. The essential oil of K. heteroclita was extracted via hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC-FID and GC-MS. A total of...
September 2011
Elicitation effect on production of plumbagin in in vitro culture of Drosera indica L.
Influence of elicitors on plumbagin accumulation in Drosera indica whole plant culture was investigated. Treatment of plantlets with 150 mg/l chitosan and 100 μM salicylic acid mostly stimulated plumbagin production after 3 days of elicitation, while 0.5 mg/ml yeast extract and 50 μM methyl jasmonate elicited at 6 days. Yeast extract (0.5 mg/ml) was the most efficient elicitor to enhance plumbagin...
September 2011
Combined effects of hot air and calcium chloride on quality and antioxidant enzymes activity in ‘red delicious’ apple fruits
In order to increase the storage life of ‘red delicious’ apple fruits; they were treated by pressure infiltration with 0, 2 and 4% calcium chloride (CaCl2) solutions and then heated for 0, 24 and 48 h at 38°C. Fruits were stored at 0°C for up to 6 months after treatment. Some quality characteristics including hydrogen peroxide level and antioxidant enzymes activity such as...
September 2011
Non-alkaloid components from Uncaria sinensis (Oliv.) Havil. and their chemotaxonomic significance
Ten non-alkaloid compounds (1-10) including one aromatic compound, one anthraquinone, two triterpenoids and five flavonoids were isolated from Uncaria sinensis (oliv.) Havil. for the first time, except compounds 3 and 9. The chemotaxonomic signiï¬cance of these compounds was summarized. Key words: Uncaria sinensis (oliv.) Havil., Rubiaceae, natural products, chemotaxonomic studies.
September 2011
Biodiesel production from Euphorbia tirucalli L.
Demand of renewable and clean energy to replace diesel world is big and urgent. However, edible crop oil as raw material is limited and its price is expensive and unstable. We want to look for new suppliers of raw materials, which should be cheap and supply stable to replace edible oil such as rapeseed and euphorbia extract. This study shows, the best candid for this purpose is Euphorbia tirucalli. It can be...
September 2011
Comparative study of similarity and identity of human albumin with some selected organism albumin
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