Full Length Research Paper
References
|
Abdeta T, Tolessa D, Adorjan K, Abera M (2017). Prevalence, withdrawal symptoms and associated factors of chewing among students at Jimma University in Ethiopia. BMC Psychiatry 17(1):142. |
|
|
Abio A, Sezirahiga J, Davis LE, Wilson M, (2020). Substance use and sociodemographic correlates among adolescents in a low-income Sub Saharan setting. Journal of Injury and Violence Research 12(1):21. |
|
|
Affinnih YH (1999). A review of literature on drug use in Sub-Saharan Africa countries and its economic and social implications. Substance Use Misuse 34(3):443-454. |
|
|
Ajayi AI, Somefun OD. (2020). Recreational drug use among Nigerian university students: Prevalence, correlates and frequency of use. PloS One 15(5):e0232964. |
|
|
Alcohol Units (2018). |
|
|
Bjelosevic E, Hadzikapetanovic H, Loga S, Hodzic M, Skelic D, Savarimooto B (2003). (2003). Relation between benzodiazepine use and trauma [Bosnian]. Medicinski Arhiv 57(5-6 Suppl 1):33-36. |
|
|
Bosnar A, Stemberga V, Coklo M, Koncar GZ, Definis-Gojanovic M, Sendula-Jengic V, Katic P (2005) Suicide and the war in Croatia. Forensic Science International 147(suppl):S13-16. |
|
|
Carballo M, Puvacic S, Zeric D (2005). Implications of complex emergencies, uprooting and forced migration on the risk of HIV/AIDS: the case of Bosnia and Herzegovina.XII World AIDS Conference. Geneva [abstract 244/14139]. |
|
|
Colson E (1995). War and domestic violence. Cultural Survival Quarterly Spring: pp. 35-38. |
|
|
Communes et villes unies du Cameroun (2021). Communes et villes unies du Cameroun, bureau national, Mamfe. [cited 2021 Aug 9]. |
|
|
Cotto JH, Davis E, Dowling GJ, Elcano JC, Staton AB, Weiss SRB, (2010). Gender effects on drug use, abuse, and dependence: a special analysis of results from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health. Gender Medicine 7(5):402-413. |
|
|
Dewing S, Pluddemann A, Myers BJ, Parry CDH (2006). Review of injection drug use in six African countries: Egypt, Kenya, Mauritius, Nigeria, South Africa and Tanzania. Drugs: education, prevention and policy 13(2):121-137. |
|
|
Ezard N, Oppenheimer E, Burton A, Marian S, Macdonald D, Adelekan M, Sakarati A, van Ommeren, M, (2011). Six rapid assessments of alcohol and other substance use in populations displaced by conflict. Conflict and health 5(1):1-15. |
|
|
Garin N, Zurita B, Velasco C, Feliu A, Gutierrez M, Masip M, Mangues MA (2017). Prevalence and clinical impact of recreational drug consumption in people living with HIV on treatment: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 7(1):e014105. |
|
|
Gunawardena N, Senevirathne RA, Athauda T (2007). Mental health outcome of unilateral lower limb amputee soldiers in two districts of Sri Lanka. International Journal of Social Psychiatry 53:135-147. |
|
|
Hankins CA, Friedman SR, Zafar T, Strathdee SA, (2002). Transmission and prevention of HIV and sexually transmitted infections in war settings: implications for current and future armed conflicts. AIDS (London, England) 16(17):2245-2252. |
|
|
Hawkes N (2016). Sixty seconds on…psilocybin. BMJ. Clinical Research ed. 353:i2775. |
|
|
Karam EG, Mneimneh ZN, Dimassi H, Fayyad JA, Karam AN, Nasser SC, Chatterji S, Ronald CK, (2008). Lifetime prevalence of mental disorders in Lebanon: First onset, treatment, and exposure to war. PLoS Medicine 5(4):e16 0579-0586. |
|
|
Kuo I, ul Hasan S, Galai N, Thomas DL, Zafar T, Ahmed MA, Strathdee SA (2006). High HCV seroprevalence and HIV drug use risk behaviors among injection drug users in Pakistan. Harm Reduction Journal 3:26. |
|
|
Mbanga CM, Efie DT, Aroke D (2018). Prevalence and predictors of recreational drug use among medical and nursing students in Cameroon: a cross sectional analysis. BMC Research Notes 11(1):515. |
|
|
Newcomb ME, Birkett M, Corliss HL, Mustanki B (2014). Sexual orientation, gender, and racial differences in illicit drug use in a sample of US high school students. American Journal of Public Health 104(2):304-310. |
|
|
Odenwald M, Neuner F, Schauer M, Elbert T, Catani C, Lingenfelder B, Hinkel H, Hafner H, Rockstroh B (2005). Khat use as risk factor for psychotic disorders: A cross-sectional and case-control study in Somalia. BMC medicine 3(1):1-10. |
|
|
Ortiz DJ, Bing EG, Boyer CB, Russak SM, Joao De Deus F, Ernesto F, (2005). Evidence-based recommendations for prevention of human immunodeficiency virus and sexually transmitted infections in the Angolan Armed Forces: challenges and opportunities at the end of 30 years of war. Military Medicine 170(4):327-332. |
|
|
Population and Housing Census of Cameroon (2015). Cameroon Data Portal. [cited 2021 Aug 9]. |
|
|
Puertas G, Rios C, del Valle H (2006). The prevalence of common mental disorders in urban slums with displaced persons in Colombia. Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública 20(5):324-330. |
|
|
RAOSOFT (2020). Sample Size Calculator 2020. |
|
|
Refugees UNHCR (2021). Rapid assessment of alcohol and other substance use in conflict-affected and displaced populations: a field guide. UNHCR. [cited 2021 Aug 20]. |
|
|
Rehm J, Mathers C, Popova S, Thavorncharoensap M, Patra YTJ, (2009). Global burden of disease and injury and economic cost attributable to alcohol use and alcohol-use disorders. The lancet 373(9682):2223-2233. |
|
|
Šanti? Ž, Luki? A, Sesar D, Milicevic S, Llakovac V (2006). Long-term Follow-up of Blood Pressure in Family Members of Soldiers Killed During the War in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Croatian Medical Journal 47(3):416-423. |
|
|
Spiegel PB, Bennedsen AR, Claass J, Bruns L, Patterson N, Yiweza D, Schilperoord M (2007). Prevalence of HIV infection in conflict-affected and displaced people in seven sub-Saharan African countries: a systematic review. Lancet (London, England) 369(9580):2187-2195. |
|
|
Strathdee SA, Stachowiak JA, Todd CS, Al-Delaimy WK, Wiebel W, Hankins C, Patterson TL (2006). Complex emergencies, HIV and substance use: no "big easy" solution. Substance Use and Misuse 14(10-12):1637-1651. |
|
|
Strathdee SA, Zafar T, Brahmbhatt H, Baksh, A, ul Hassan S, (2003). Rise in needle sharing among injection drug users in Pakistan during the Afghanistan war. Drug and Alcohol Dependence 71(1):17-24. |
|
|
The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) (2018). World Drug Report 2018 Vienna, Austria: The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) 2018. |
|
|
Wansi E, Sam-Abbenyi A, Befdi-Mengue R, Enzyme FN, Ntone FN, (1996). Rapid assessment of drug abuse in Cameroon. Bulletin on Narcotics 48(1-2):79-88. |
|
|
Watt MH, Meade CS, Kimani S, MacFarlane JC, Choi KW, Skinner D, Pieterse D, Khathman SC, Sikkema KJ (2014). The impact of methamphetamine ("tik") on a peri-urban community in Cape Town, South Africa. International Journal of Drug Policy 25(2):219-225. |
|
|
World Health Organization (WHO) (2021). What is Moderate-intensity and Vigorous-intensity Physical Activity? WHO. |
|
|
World Drug Report (2018). [cited 2021 Aug 2]. |
|
|
Zafar T, Brahmbhatt H, Imam G, ul Hassan S, Strathdee SA (2003). HIV knowledge and risk behaviors among Pakistani and Afghani drug users in Quetta, Pakistan. JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 32(4):394-398. |
|
Copyright © 2024 Author(s) retain the copyright of this article.
This article is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0
