Abstract

Air, nutrition, soil and clinical materials pollution are the most important subjects that have been considered and studied around the world. Fungi of many kinds, especially saprophyte fungi, play important role in causing allergy. Saprophyte fungi are the reason for severe refunctions in those whom their job is seed selling, bird keeping, farmers and miller. Also, it is found on crops, skin and mucus of human. The purpose of this research was an inspection about the rate of all kind of Aspergillus in birds in farms around Urmia. It should be considered that the culture must have no cycloheximide because Aspergillus is sensitive and cannot grow. The cultures were prepared under quite sterile condition and were sent to farms and the sampling was performed by swab from oral cavity (deeply from lungs) and the samples were cultured on sabouraud dextrose agar culture. The fungi were examined by a microscope for exact personification. From the 600 inspected samples, 225 cases were infected by Aspergillus niger, 35 cases byAspergillus fumigatus and 50 cases by Aspergillus flavus. Fungi cause damages to living organisms: 1. By attacking their tissues and different organs; and 2. by producing mycotoxins. It is suggested that while a mycotic disease is epidemic in the farm, we should separate diseased chickens from those that are safe and euthanizing weak and thin chickens, because they do not have proper growth and also they cause the progression of the disease in the farm. In this case we can stop the development of the disease by adding CuSO₄ 0.5/1000 to consuming water. Farmers should collect and sterilize eggs after the laying of eggs to guarantee the safety of the new born chickens. 

Key words: Aspergillus, air, fungi, saprophyte, bird.