Socio–economic benefits and pollution levels of water resources, Pece Wetland, Gulu Municipality - Uganda
July 2011
Communities are dependent on wetlands resources for income generation. However, anthropogenic activities that result into pollution of water are one of the major public health problems. Assessment of socio–economic activities and pollution levels of domestic water sources in Gulu Municipality, Pece wetland was done. The technique for socio–economic data collection was an exploratory method using...
Application of electron beam technology in improving sewage water quality: An advance technique
July 2011
The use of electron beam to disinfect sewage water is gaining importance. The current problem on environmental health in relation to water pollution insists for the safe disposal of sewage water. In general, sewage water comprises of heterogeneous organic based chemicals as well as pathogens. EB (electron beam) treatment of the wastewater was found to be very effective in reducing the pathogens as well as...
Evaluation of electrical resistivity anisotropy in geological mapping: A case study of Odo Ara, West Central Nigeria
July 2011
The study of electrical resistivity anisotropy in rocks has become important in increasing the accuracy of geological mapping using electrical resistivity survey. The study area, Odo Ara near Egbe, west central Nigeria, has been surveyed using electrical resistivity soundings. Sixty Radial Vertical Electrical sounding (RVES) measurements were carried out in the study area which comprises of the banded gneiss,...
Impact of enhanced flow on the flow system and wastewater characteristics of sewage-fed fisheries in India
July 2011
In this study, we estimated the impact of enhanced flow on shallow wetlands that receive major effluent discharge from an adjoining metropolitan city. The local people use the shallow wetlands for pisciculture. Beginning in 1998, the population of the city began to rise and the amount of effluent discharge increased. The excess load is now a problem for the city engineers, and they plan to manage the sewage by...
Minding Conflict Mining
June 2011
A review of modeling approaches in activated sludge systems
June 2011
The feasibility of using models to understand processes, predict and/or simulate, control, monitor and optimize WasteWater Treatment Plants (WWTPs) has been explored by a number of researchers. Mathematical modeling provides a powerful tool for design, operational assistance, forecast future behavior and control. A good model not only elucidates a better understanding of the complicated biological and...
Efficiency of different coagulants combination for the treatment of tannery effluents: A case study of Bangladesh
June 2011
This study has focused on the physico-chemical parameter of tannery effluents as well as the treatment efficiency of alum, ferric chloride and lime, addressed as different treatments. Sample collection and analysis were performed using standard method. Pollutant removal efficiency was measured in terms of reduction in value of total solid (TS), suspended solid (SS), total dissolved solid (TDS), color,...
Influence of different concentration of heavy metals on the seed germination and growth of tomato
June 2011
Some heavy metals in higher doses may cause metabolic disorders and growth inhibition for most of the plant species. This study was performed in order to evaluate two tomato varieties (Barakat and Local tomato) response to ordinary Heavy Metals (Fe, Pb and Cu) in northern of Iran. Five doses (0, 0.001, 0.01, 0.1 and 1%) of lead acetate, cupric carbonate and ferric chloride were investigated....
Major ions and trace elements partitioning in unsaturated zone profile of the Densu river basin, Ghana and the implications for groundwater
June 2011
Soil solution samples were extracted from a vertical unsaturated zone profile and groundwater samples were obtained from the Densu river basin, Ghana. Major ions and trace metals in the soil solution, groundwater samples and solid soil (Ca2+, Na+, Mg2+, K+, NO3-, SO42-, Cl-, HCO32-, PO43-, Fe, Mn, V, Cu, Zn, Cr) were analyzed along with other hydrochemical parameters. Impact of the unsaturated zone soil...
Assessment of contamination by organochlorine pesticides in Solanum lycopersicum L. and Capsicum annuum L.: A market survey in Nigeria
June 2011
This study investigated the presence and levels of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) (hexachlorobenzene (HCB), α‑, β‑, δ‑, and γ‑hexachlorohexane (HCH), dieldrin, dichloro-diphenyl-trichloroethane (p,p’-DDT), dichloro-diphenyl-dichloroethylene (p,p’-DDE), dichloro-diphenyl-dichloroethane (p,p’-DDD) and trans-nonachlor) in Solanum...
Predominant melliferous plants of the western Sudano Guinean zone of Cameroon
June 2011
Between September 2003 and March 2005, melissopalynological methods were used to access the predominant melliferous plants (PMP) in 104 honey samples collected from the Soudano Guinean highlands zone of west Cameroon. A total of 19 PMP from 11 families were identified, Asteraceae is the most represented. Trees and herbs were frequently exploited. Spontaneous PMP were more represented. Perennial PMP...
Distribution and ecology of the superior mushrooms of the Aulnaie of Ain Khiar (El Kala National Park, Northeastern Algeria)
June 2011
The macro-ecology of the superior mushrooms in the peat land of the El Kala National Park (Algeria) is totally unknown. The research presented here aims at determining the environmental factors which might explain the distribution of mushrooms and contribute to the knowledge of the mycofloristic composition of this particular environment. For that purpose, we selected a protected site in the El Kala National...
Preliminary gut content and dentition analysis reveal subtle resource partitioning and feeding adaptations within a haplochromine cichlid community of Lake Victoria satellite lake
June 2011
The trophic relationships between six haplochromine cichlids of Lake Kanyaboli, a satellite lake of Lake Victoria that has not been infested by the Nile perch (Lates niloticus), were studied as a first step towards understanding the cichlid community structure in this threatened wetland ecosystem. Co-efficient of similarity analysis of diet revealed subtle trophic resource partitioning within this...
Physicochemical typology of water of a middle atlas river (Morocco) where the common trout (Salmo trutta macrstigma, Duméril, 1858) live: Oued Sidi Rachid
May 2011
For every living being, ecological conditions greatly influence biology. In the case of a fish, these conditions may be responsible for its presence or absence in the medium, its development and its population size. This work studies the characteristics and physicochemical typology of Sidi Rachid River, known by its wealth of the Salmonidae fish:Salmo trutta macrostigma (Duméril,...
Characterization and evaluation of the factors affecting the geochemistry of surface water of Koudiat Medouar Basin, Algeria
May 2011
Hydrochemistry of surface water in Koudiat Medouar Basin, Algeria was used to assess the quality of surface water for determining its suitability for drinking and agricultural purposes. In the three stations, there is a good correlation between the electrical conductivity and elements Ca, Mg, K, Cl, SO4 and HCO3. In order to determine the geochemical nature of water, the data was interpreted using the...
Vegetation composition and soil nutrients status from polyculture to monoculture
May 2011
The study was conducted on status of nutrients in three major types of forests namely, broad-leaved, mixed pine and pine forests in Meghalaya, considering altitude and seasonality as variables. The findings revealed that the change in micro-environmental conditions as influenced by attitude and seasonality has marked effect on status and release of nutrients in the soil of representative forest stands at...
Environmental laws and policies related to periodic flooding and sedimentation in the Lake Victoria Basin (LVB) of East Africa
May 2011
What should a community of three states with diverse historical profiles of legal and regulatory frameworks do when a common ecological resource is threatened any yet is critical in the sustenance of communities around it? This is the challenge that East African States faced with dealing with Lake Victoria Basin (LVB) in East Africa (Uganda, Kenya, Tanzania, Rwanda and Burundi). Given the various ecological,...
Use of stone powder in concrete and mortar as an alternative of sand
May 2011
Stone powder produced from stone crushing zones appears as a problem for effective disposal. Sand is a common fine aggregate used in construction work as a fine aggregate. In this study, the main concern is to find an alternative of sand. Substitution of normal sand by stone powder will serve both solid waste minimization and waste recovery. The study focuses to determine the relative performance of concrete...
Potential of using recycled low-density polyethylene in wood composites board
May 2011
The aim of this study was to investigate the suitability of using recycled low density polyethylene (RLDPE) in wood board manufacturing. The composite board was produced by compressive moulding by increasing the percentage of LDPE from 30 to 50 wt% with interval of 10 wt% at a temperatures of 140 and 180°C, pressure of 30 to 40 Kg/cm2 and pressing time 7 to 13 min. The microstructure and mechanical...
African Pause, Rewind and Fast Forward toward the Millennium Development Goals
April 2011
Enhanced remediation of an oily sludge with saline water
April 2011
This study investigates the potentials of saline (that is, brackish) water to enhance the remediation of an oily sludge, which was part of the waste stream from the improvement project of the Tank Farm at the Bonny Island in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria. Twice weekly, five separate laboratory-scale reactors (labeled A, B, C, D and O), each containing 2.0 × 10-2 m3 of the diluted sludge...
Inhalable particulate matter associated with mining and smelter activities
April 2011
The objective of this study was to determine the mass concentration levels of the inhalable air particulate matter (PM10) and the effect of meteorological parameters on the dilution and dispersion thereof. The PM10 was collected using Tapered Element Oscillating Microbalance (TEOM) and the concentrations were determined at two sampling sites RMINE and RCBD within the Rustenburg area. The hourly levels for...
Heavy metal speciation and their accumulation in sediments of Lake Burullus, Egypt
April 2011
Several sediment samples in Lake Burullus have been affected by the discharges of heavy metals through different drains. The study aimed to analyze the chemical speciation of these metals. In particular, the chemical forms of Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb and Zn in sediments collected in spring season were studied using a sequential chemical extraction method. In general, all the elements recorded highest...
Fluoride removal from aqueous solution by pumice: case study on Kuhbonan water
April 2011
The fluoride removal from synthetic water by pumice was studied at batch experiments in this study. The effect of pH, contact time, fluoride concentration and adsorbent dose on the fluoride sequestration was investigated. The optimum conditions were studied on Kuhbonan water as a case study. The results showed that with increasing of the absorbent amount; contact time and pH improve the efficiency of fluoride...
Characterization of groundwater in the Souss upstream basin: Hydrochemical and environmental isotopes approaches
April 2011
The hydrochemistry of major ions and environmental isotope compositions (18O, 2H) of water samples have been used to identify the chemical characteristics and the origin of groundwater in the Souss upstream basin. The total dissolved solids (TDS) did not exceed 1000 mg.L-1 with an average of 635 mg.L-1. Two chemical water types were observed: A calcium and magnesium bicarbonate...
The phytosociological analysis of saline area of Tehsil Ferozewala, District Sheikhupura (Punjab)Pakistan
April 2011
This study is a broad ecological survey, and classification of the vegetation of Agro Farm plantations of a Tehsil Ferozewala (District Shei khupura) Punjab, Pakistan. The vegetation survey description and classification was according to Zurich-Montpellier School of thought is based on over 300 Relevé Method. In all twelve associations i.e. Suaedetum fruticosae,Kochietum indicum Diplachnetum...
Termite foraging behaviour and biological response against sintered glass screening as a potential graded physical barrier
April 2011
The performance of subterranean termite Coptotermes acinaciformis (Froggatt);Coptotermes lacteus (Froggatt) and Mastotermes darwiniensis Froggatt foraging behaviour and biological response on sintered glass screenings as a potential graded physical barrier in laboratory and field test proved as a viable option.There was a marked difference betweenC. acinaciformis and M....
Empirical research on constructing Taiwan’s eco-environmental stress indicators system
April 2011
In this paper, the material flow indicators and ecological footprint approach structured are adopted to construct eco-environmental stress indicators. We use relevant data to proceed with the empirical analyses on environmental stress and ecological impacts in Taiwan between the years of 1998 and 2007. Analysis of research results brings several important findings. (1) Taiwan’s economic activities...
Livestock waste-menace: Fish wealth-solution
March 2011
A review of the use of livestock wastes for sustainable fish wealth creation was done, using information from literature and data from field observation and experimentation. Livestock wastes including animal manure and poultry by-products, which are a menace to the environment, are sources of wealth creation in fish farming. In Nigeria, about 932.5 metric tonnes of manure is...
Multivariate cluster analysis of some major and trace elements distribution in an unsaturated zone profile, Densu river basin, Ghana
March 2011
This study comprises soils formed on Paleoproterozoic Birimian Basement rocks (poorly graded silty sand, gravely sand and silty clays) from the unsaturated zone of the Densu River Basin, taken from a five meter depth. Elemental analysis of the soils samples were carried out by Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence (EDXRF) to ascertain the levels of major and trace elements (K, Ca, Ti, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Zr, Sr,...
The perfect drought? Constraints limiting Kalahari agro-pastoral communities from coping and adapting
March 2011
Rural Kalahari agro-pastoral communities of Southern Africa have been exposed to drought shocks throughout history and have adapted their livelihoods accordingly. Yet, drought continues to disrupt or threaten to disrupt their production systems. With semi arid Botswana as a case study, this paper hence sought to unearth the factors limiting agro-pastoral communities from adequately coping and adapting to...
Determining and modeling the dispersion of non point source pollutants in Lake Victoria: A case study of Gaba Landing site in Uganda
March 2011
Lake Victoria is an important source of livelihood that is threatened by rising pollution. In this study, pollutants in runoff are characterized and their dispersion after they enter the lake is measured and modeled at different points in the study areas. The objective is to develop a one dimensional mathematical model which can be used to predict the nutrient (ammonia, nitrite, nitrate, and phosphate)...
Assessment of heavy metal pollution in soils along major roadside areas in Botswana
March 2011
Assessment of heavy metal pollutants: Al, Co, Cu, Fe, Pb, Mn, Ni and Zn was conducted along major roadside soils of Botswana, lying between latitudes 18°S to 27°S and longitudes 20°E to 29°E using enrichment factor ratios (EF), contamination factor (CF), pollution load index (PLI) and geoaccumulation index (Igeo) methods. The studied sites were demarcated into five zones referred to as FN...
Lead removal in aqueous solution by activated carbons prepared from Cola edulis shell (Alocacée), Pentaclethra macrophylla husk (Mimosaceae) and Aucoumea klaineana sawdust (Burseraceae)
March 2011
Three activated carbons prepared from vegetable matters of Gabonese biomass are being investigated as adsorbents for the removal of Pb (II) ions from aqueous solutions by means of batch technique. The equilibrium adsorption level was determined to be a function of pH, contact time, temperature and adsorbent dosage. The experimental adsorption data are well applicable to both Freundlich and Langmuir models...
GIS based risk assessment of oil spill in the coastal areas of Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria
March 2011
Assessing the total loss and damages that may result from oil spill constitutes risk assessment. The study area is the coastal Local Government Areas (LGAs) of Akwa Ibom State, located in the Niger Delta of Nigeria. The delta generates the greatest proportion of foreign exchange and internal revenue earnings of the country as the crude oil sector accounts for 90 to 95% of export revenues. Since most of...
Development and calibration of a self-recording cup anemometer for wind speed measurement
March 2011
The design, development and calibration of a digital wind speed measuring device (cup anemometer) has been carried out. The instrument design consists of six electronics block stages: Power stage which supplies power through either a direct current (DC) or an alternating current (AC), input (sensor) stage which senses the number of revolutions per minute (rpm), the clock/triggering stage which was designed to...
Comparative analysis of the early growth performance of indigenous Acacia species in revegetating Trojan Nickel Mine tailings in Zimbabwe
March 2011
Indigenous Acacia species are preferred in mine dump revegetation because of their ability to colonize hostile environments, enhance soil fertility and meet the livelihood and cultural needs of local communities. This study compared early growth performance of three indigenous Acacia sp. namely Acacia...
Borehole depth and regolith aquifer hydraulic characteristics of bedrock types in Kano area, Northern Nigeria
March 2011
In this study, the performance of regolith aquifers derived from the different bedrock types was examined using information on depth of borehole, depth to the static water level, yield of borehole and drawdown in 259 boreholes covering the different bedrock types. Results show that mean depth of wells varies from about 37 to 48 m in rocks of the Younger Granites and in the migmatite-gneiss complex and...
The socio-economic impact of the Lake Chad resettlement scheme, Nigeria
March 2011
This study was undertaken with the objective of assessing the socio-economic impacts that have taken place since the arrival of different batches of settlers following the resettlement scheme. These impacts include damages exerted on the natural environment, accessibility to sites, provision of infrastructural facilities and the overall success/failure of the...
An evaluation of waste control measures in construction industry in Nigeria
March 2011
Improper control of materials during different stages of construction has caused waste and associated environmental problems. Hence, this research assesses the forms, causes and factors incidental to waste and measures to effectively control construction waste. It is shown that among the factors incidental to waste, last minute client requirement was ranked highest as the factor that leads to design...
Evaluation of heavy metals pollution of Nokoue Lake
March 2011
Toxic metals (cadmium, lead, copper and arsenic) assessment was carried out in water and sediments samples of Nokoue Lake. Except for water, a group of sediment samples was mineralized before the analysis with atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The second group of sediment samples was processed for texture analysis. The results revealed that for the physico-chemical characteristics, the pH is from 6.5 to 8.5. Four...
Tweets of Ngorongoro
February 2011
Green house gas emissions from termite ecosystem
February 2011
Methanogenic archaea (methanogens) that inhabit the gut of termites generate enormous amount of methane that adds to the global atmospheric methane (CH4). Methane is an important trace gas in the atmosphere, contributing significantly to long wave absorption and bringing in variations into the chemistries of both the troposphere and the stratosphere. In the troposphere, methane acts as a sink for...
Sustainable development in Cameroon’s forestry sector: Progress, challenges, and strategies for improvement
February 2011
This paper examines initiatives formulated by the government of Cameroon to promote sustainable development within its forestry sector, and proffers a series of policy recommendations for advancing sustainable forest management in Cameroon. Since the enactment of Cameroon’s comprehensive forestry law (Law N0. 94/01 of 20th January 1994), which regulated the forestry sector in the country, the...
Characterization of non point source pollutants and their dispersion in Lake Victoria: A case study of Gaba landing site in Uganda
February 2011
The aim of this research is to characterize non point pollutants and their dispersion in Lake Victoria. Lake Victoria is one of the largest freshwater bodies in the world. The lake is bordered by Kenya, Tanzania, and Uganda, and has streams and rivers stretching as far as Burundi and Rwanda feeding into it. A number of studies have reported deteriorating water quality due to pollution. In this study,...
Geotechnical and environmental problems related to shales in the Abakaliki area, Southeastern Nigeria
February 2011
Six (6) samples of shale and five (5) water samples from hand-dug wells and boreholes, from different locations within the Abakaliki shale formation, have been assessed to evaluate the impact of the shale formation to the geotechnical and hydrogeo-environmental problems prevalent in the Abakaliki area (Southeastern Nigeria). Results indicated that the shale samples have Atterberg limits that might be...
Heavy metals in soil on spoil heap of an abandoned lead ore treatment plant, SE Congo-Brazzaville
February 2011
Total concentrations of 4 heavy metals (Pb, Zn, Cu, and Mn), non-metal As and three reference elements (Ti, Fe and Al) of a soil profile on spoil heap were examined. 54 soil samples were collected in the soil profile at different depths: 15 to 45, 45 to 75, 75 to 105, 105 to 135 and 135 to 150 cm. The first 15 cm of top layer contained an accumulation of ores and was not sampled. Lead, zinc, copper, manganese...
Study on the changes in the levels of membrane-bound ATPases activity and some mineral status in λ cyhalothrin-induced hepatotoxicity in fresh water tilapia (Oreochromis Mossambicus)
February 2011
An attempt has been made to determine the deleterious effects of λ cyhalothrin- induced in fresh water tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) with respect to changes in the activities of membrane-bound ATPases (Na+/K+, Mg+ and Ca2+ ATPase) and mineral status (sodium, potassium and calcium) in the liver. Significant (p<0.05) decline in the activities of membrane-bound ATPases and...
Page 17 of 23, showing 50 records out of 1128 total, starting on record 801, ending on 850
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