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BACKGROUND. Waste disposal is approached differently in Mabopane residential area, commonly seen as an urban township due to the socio-economic circumstances of residents. Furthermore, few community members pay for waste removal services, whilst most residents illegally dump their household waste. The aim of this study was, therefore, to investigate household solid waste disposal methods deployed by the residents of...
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The purpose of the study was to assess the impact of farmland encroachment into the wetlands of Lake Abaya, Southern Ethiopia. The study used survey research design and mixed research approaches to conduct the research. To collect data for the research both primary and secondary data were used. For the questionnaire survey, 138 sample was selected using systematic sampling technique and 18 key informants from different...
Optimal extraction process of flavonoids from suaeda salsa by response surface methodology
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Suaeda salsa is a genus of Salicaria in the Chenopodiaceae family. Suaeda salsa is mainly distributed in coastal areas, growing in saline-alkali soil. Flavonoids are found in Salicyphala salicyphala and have various functions, such as lowering blood glucose, resisting mutagenesis and improving immunity. It was found that flavonoids also had antioxidant effects, and the study of antioxidant activity of flavonoids became the...
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A co-flow pilot filter with a packing support material (coated jujube seeds) was constructed and tested for the biological removal of iron from Senegalese groundwater. Indeed, it is a PVC tube with an internal diameter of 40 mm and a height of 90 cm. The performance of the filter was tested at a constant hydraulic head of 261.67 m3/m2 per day while the iron feed concentrations varied between 0.5-1, 0.5-1.5 and 0.5-2 mg/L...
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Background. Clupeidae, Nannothrissa stewarti (Poll & Roberts 1976) endemic to Lake Mai-Ndombe is one of most heavily fished fish groups using practices and nets not allowed by the country's legislation. Objective of this study was to determine some aspects of reproductive biology of N. stewarti in Lake Mai-Ndombe. Materials and methods. Fish were sampled monthly from November 2020 to October 2021 breeding parameters were...
Ground water quality assessment in urban areas of Malawi: A case of area 25 in Lilongwe
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This study was conducted to assess the quality of ground water in Area 25, a typical urban residential area in Malawi. Samples were collected from wells and analyzed for physicochemical and bacteriological parameters following standard methods. Results were compared to the Malawi Standards (MS) and the World Health Organization (WHO) drinking water quality guidelines. The overall water quality index was computed to...
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The study was conducted in Dallo Mana and Dodola districts, southeastern Ethiopia with the objectives to i) assess existing opportunities to establish Community-based MRV (CBMRV) and ii) examine factors that determine the participation of rural communities in CBMRV. A total of 154 sampled households had been interviewed and secondary data were obtained through a review of relevant literature. The study identified that...
POTENTIAL APPLICATION AND REGENERATION OF BAMBOO BIOCHAR FOR WASTEWATER TREATMENT: A REVIEW
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Adsorption capacities of biochar are mainly influenced by either the nature of biomass, production conditions, or method of modification. Bamboo biochar is intensely reviewed in its production, functions, application and regeneration methods showcasing its utilization and importance as an adsorbent for wastewater treatment. The technologies involved in the processing and enhancements of bamboo as well as the performance of...
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Urbanization and industrialization has led to accumulation of potentially toxic metals in the environment. Toxic metal pollutants threatens life and ecosystems and results in problems to plants, animals and human as well as soil, water and air. Human exposure to these toxic metals has been a major concern since they effect human health. There is urgent need for researcher to unravel the potentially toxic metal levels in...
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Bioremediation is vital in environmental management and protection. This study examined the productivity and bioremediation potential of Nannochloropsis oculata and Porphyridium cruentum in Water Soluble Fraction (WSF) of petroleum fuels. Experiment was conducted by examining the growth of Nannochloropsis oculata and Porphyridium cruentum at 0%, 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 75% 100% of WSF of kerosene, diesel, and gasoline. Growth...
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Produced water (PW) during oil and gas production operations contain various hazardous substances including heavy metals (HM) with adverse impact on the environment. Disposal of PW interferes with environmental sustainability, making PW treatment obligatory prior to discharge into the environment. Among previously available treatments of PW, environmentally sustainable methods using low–pore space bio-adsorbents requires...
Effects of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) on Human Health: A systematic review in Africa
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In Africa, water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) is heavily colonizing many waterbodies. Water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) has a wide effect on biodiversity, ecosystem service and sustainability, socio-economic activities and the health of humans. The conditions created by water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) cause several public health problems. The ecological impacts of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) have...
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Soil erosion is a global environmental problem, which affects the sustainability and productivity of agriculture, the siltation of reservoirs, and the degradation of water quality. One of the main causes of soil erosion is the change of land use/cover (LULC) in a region. The impact of land use on soil erosion has been studied in many parts of Africa, but no published papers have been found to address this problem in...
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It is important to always monitor the bioaccumulation potential for heavy metals by organisms especially the edible ones, to assess their potential risk to human health. This study evaluated the bioaccumulation of heavy metals in the shell and soft tissues of snails. Forty snails each were purchased from Ikire and Ore towns. The snails’ shells, feet, digestive tracts and glands were analysed for bioaccumulation of heavy...
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In Ethiopia, the household sector energy consumption accounts over 90%, of total energy consumed.Above 80% of firewood collection is undertaken by women and assisted by girls and boys .Over half of households spend more than 7 hours a week acquiring fuel for cooking and a quarter of hour for cleaning cooking utensil. So far, a total of 22,000 household size bio-digesters are constructed under the entire national biogas...
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This paper presents findings on heat recovered from a batch-operated double-chamber healthcare waste incineration plant using two double-pipe heat exchangers (DPHEs) in series. The research was carried out at Tumbi Regional Referral Hospital (TRRH) located in Coast Region, Tanzania. The chambers were fitted with diesel burners (model Riello G20). The air blower (1.1 kW) was used to supply air in the chambers. The inlet and...
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ABSTRACT: One of the problems of urban life is groundwater pollution. In this study, the water quality of wells in Robat Karim villages of Tehran for drinking and agricultural consumption was investigated. First, the quality of drinking water was assessed using the Schuler diagram. Then, with the help of Wilcox diagram and salinity and SAR parameters, water quality in terms of agriculture was studied. In the next step,...
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The research was conducted to determine the radiological health risks of radon exposure which can trigger cancer in workers and the general public in Kilembe Mines and Hima Cement quarry in Kases District. The mean radon concentration levels in the mines were found in the range of 64 ± 40 Bqm-3 to 307 ± 28 Bq m-3.and the mean effective dose was 4.98 ± 0.5mSvy-1 ranging from 1.8 ± 0.2mSvy-1 - 6.84 ± 0.6 mSvy-1 while at...
FOREST COVERS CHANGE IN THE CENTRAL OROMIA: WALMARA DISTRICT: ETHIOPIA (1985-2017)
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In Ethiopia, forest cover changes were registered at local level that adds up to the changes observed at the country wise. Like other part of the country the quick spread of deforestation over latest epochs has resulted in the translation of the majority of the Walmara district forest into isolated bits. Geographic information system (GIS) techniques and remote sensing (RS) from satellite platforms offer a way to identify...
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Solid waste management is one of the critical issues in most developing countries that deprive communities of a sustainable environment and access to public health. Yet, few efforts have been done to create awareness of communities about the possible dangers of inadequate waste management and mitigation measures. This study was conducted to obtain baseline information about the knowledge, awareness and practices of solid...
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Focusing on the classification of solar winds into three types of flux: (1) slow winds, (2) fluctuating winds and (3) high speed-solar winds HSSW (V ? 450 km / s on average day), the influence of the convection electric field (EM) via the flow of HSSWs during storms in the internal magnetosphere and on the stability of magnetospheric plasma at high latitudes was investigated. Our study involved 1964-2009 period, which...
Phenology and mechanisms of the early upwelling formation In the southern coast of Senegal
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Mechanisms of the interannual variability of upwelling onset dates on the Petite-Cote of Senegal are investigated using daily NEMO model data outputs and NOAA ocean surface temperature observations (OISST). We first determined the phenology (onset dates, end dates, duration and occupied area of the upwelling) over the Petite-Côte located in south of the Senegalese coast. Our results show that upwelling in the Petite-Côte...
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The management of solid waste is recognised as a challenging activity with respect to the environment, particularly within rapidly growing urban centres in Lower Income Countries. This paper examines the issue of landfill-waste-generated fires and resultant pollution plumes sourced within the Chunga Landfill Site, Lusaka, Zambia. We present the results of a geospatial analysis research programme to map and assess risks...
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The impact of certain unregulated land-use activities harms the quality of water resources and reduce the sufficiency of drinking water in many developing countries. This study aimed to capture the impact of such activities and evaluate the specific groundwater vulnerability using a modified DRASTIC approach. The DRASTIC-LuPa was proposed and implemented for Aba City, Nigeria by incorporating land-use and the impact of...
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Organophosphate acaricides have extensive use in livestock to manage Ticks and Tick borne diseases, environmental pollution arise due intensive use. The study was aimed at detection and quantification of Chlorpyrifos in soil, dip wash, spray race residues, milk and milk products from Kilifi, Nakuru and Kajiado Counties. A baseline survey was conducted using questionnaire, formal interview and personal observation to...
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Diachronic analysis of satellite images was used to assess the spatiotemporal dynamics of land use and land cover change in the coffee production basins of Cameroon, located in the forest agro-ecological zones (Moungo and Haut-Nyong) and the highland humid savannah (Noun). A survey of farmers was carried out to identify land use and changes in the area of coffee agroforests over time. While the period 1980 to 2001 was...
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Coffee is one of the important crops as its ingredients are being consumed across the continents in a variety of food products and drink forms, and do possess significant economic importance to the coffee producing areas of Ethiopia. Dry coffee processing units generates husk as solid waste which is commonly dumped in the surrounding areas without any treatment. The aim of this study is to evaluate biogas production...
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The detailed sedimentary study of the deposit sequences of the ancient hominid sector (SahelanthropustchadensisalisToumaï) of Toros-Menalla, presented here addresses new aspects of the sedimentary geology of the Chad Basin through an original field study of Moi- sediments. Pliocene of the northern basin of CHAD. This is an original contribution that sheds light on new knowledge of sedimentary series of fluvio-lacustrine...
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Hydropower is cost effective environment friendly and worldwide proven sustainable energy source. Driven by streamflow stream flows, it is vulnerable to climate change and land use change. The hydropower production from the two-existing run-of-river hydropower projects on the Sondu Miriu river are vulnerable to rainfall variability and requires proper understanding of the climate change trends and policies to support...
Uroclhoa mosambincensis A POTENTIAL NATIVE PHYTOREMEDIATOR FOR SOILS CONTAMINATED WITH ARSENIC
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Industrial development has caused the contamination of the environment, leading to biodiversity loss and human health concerns. The use of native plants and/or their associated microbiota is a sustainable solution for reducing or transforming contaminants into less harmful forms. We aimed to evaluate the remedial potential of Uroclhoa mosambincensis in soils contaminated with arsenic. In a greenhouse experiment, seedlings...
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The performance of a healthcare waste Pyrotec Model 8 incinerator at Muhimbili national referral hospital in Dar es Salaam - Tanzania was investigated using two different types of healthcare wastes namely sharps waste and other waste (mass/weight) and as fractions. The other independent factor used in the investigation was diesel oil consumption. The Pyrotec Model 8 incinerator performance was evaluated by determining how...
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Awash River is considered as most important river for the surrounding community, but it is vulnerable to anthropogenic activities. Thus, the present study was investigated about the pollution status of Cr, Cu, Mn, Cd, and Pb and their ecological risk in aquatic system of Awash River. Water and sediment samples were collected from selected sampling sites of the river and its tributaries and samples were analyzed. The...
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This research was carried out to investigate the physicochemical parameters of livestock drinking water samples collected from Falfal, Degehabur and Bulale areas in Somali regional state of Ethiopia. The objective of this research was to analyze the physicochemical parameters of water ponds used for livestock drink. The result was recorded that, the pH, Temperature, Total Dissolved Solid and Total hardness was 7.17±0.03,...
Pollution Assessment of Light Rare Earth Metals in Sediments of the Ogun River
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This research was aimed at determining the concentrations of light earth metals in sediments of the Ogun River as well as their pollution and contamination status. Sediment samples collected using a graduated hand held sediment grab were stored in polythene bags and transported to the laboratory in an ice chested cooler. At the laboratory, the sediment samples were air dried, pulverized and sieved. Induced Couple Plasma...
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The assessment of solid waste characterization in Keffi Local Government Area in view of adopting biogas technology for solid waste management was carried out. This was achieved through assessment of the quantity of solid waste generation and the composition in the study area. Materials used for data collection are weighing scale, waste bins and questionnaire. Stratified and systematic samplings were used to select...
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The assumption that borehole water is safe for drinking purpose was verified by empirical study of the physico-chemical properties of borehole water in Gwagwalada Area Council Abuja, Nigeria. The physico-chemical properties of borehole water were anaysed and compared with regulatory standards for drinking purpose. Fifteen samples were collected from five purposely selected wards (Dobi, Ibwa, Tungan-Maje, Zuba and Ikwa) in...
Improving future temperature projections with bias correction methods in Lake of Guiers/Senegal
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Climate models are generally used to evaluate the climate change impacts. However, they have important biases at the regional or local scales. This study evaluates the future temperature projections in Lake of Guiers/Senegal. For this, we used the daily maximum and minimum temperature from the ensemble mean of five (5) CORDEX (Coordinated Regional climate Downscaling Experiment) regional climate models (RCMs) under the...
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With time population and needs have changed many folds and at the same time researchers endeavored to enhance resources and their productivities world over. There have been some noble innovations of universal applications and bring fast improvement in the situations. Objective of the present study was to collate innovations which improve different sectors of needs in Burkina Faso, where socio-economic condition has worsen...
BENTHIC MACROINVERTEBRATES IN THE BIOMONITORING OF A NIGERIAN COASTAL WATER
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Most coastal waters are exposed to high influx of pollutants due to the obvious elevated human activities. In order to adequately evaluate the extent of toxicity of contaminants in the ecosystem, and their synergistic effects, marine ecologists prefer biomonitoring to chemical approach. The benthic macroinvertebrates, due to their sedentary mode of life and residence at the sediment-water microcosm, are regarded as the...
2.2’-DIPHENIC ACID: A RELIABLE BIOMARKER OF PHENANTHRENE BIODEGRADATION
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Phenanthrene is among the 16 priority pollutants thus its mitigation in the environment has been a global concern. It serves as a model compound for the biodegradation study of polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) because it has both the Bay- and K-region found in most PAH pollutants. Like other PAH pollutants, different means are available for its remediation in the environment, including microbial biodegradation. The...
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Floods are the most devastating natural occurrences that affect both natural and manmade features existing on the earth's surface. The study area found in the low laying areas of Amhara Region characterized by intensive human activities, a steep slope, heavy rainfall during summer with high drainage density and dominantly verti soil type, proximity to the river were identified as the main factor increasing flood risk....
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The study assessed the adaptive capacity of crop farmers in the six Area Councils of FCT using Geoinformatics. Socio-economic indicators were used to map the adaptive capacity of FCT farmers to climate variability from 1981-2017. The arable crops considered are: yam, beans and maize. The selected climatic variables based on their importance to crop production are: rainfall, temperature, relative humidity and potential...
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Watersheds around Addis Ababa are critically threatened by rapid urbanization expansion. This study aims to explain the rate of urban expansion and interaction with communities around the city. GIS and RS were used to evaluate the Land use and Land cover changes and urban expansion in the last 30 years using Landsat images and selected households. Results revealed that agricultural/bare land increased by 29.02% from 1984...
Briquette Production from Sugar Cane Bagasse and its potential as clean source of energy
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Large quantities of bagasse are regularly accumulated on open spaces around sugar factory thereby endangering fragile ecosystem. The sugar cane bagasse carbonization process can be put in to effect as an environmentally friendly, energy self-providing continuous flow technology. Therefore, the objective of this study was to use bagasse for the production of high caloric value briquette to safeguard the environment from...
A Community Perspective of flood occurrence and weather forecasting over Kampala City
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Weather and climate issues have become increasingly recognized among the global challenges especially in the era of climate change. Kampala city has faced a number of flooding events in the past that have led to serious damages in many low lying areas of the city. A study was conducted in one of the flood prone areas in Kampala city to understand the community perspectives on flood occurrence and weather forecasting in the...
IMPACT OF MINING ON ENVIRONMENT: A CASE STUDY OF TAITA TAVETA COUNTY, KENYA
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Research on the impacts of mining on the environment was conducted on nine purposive selected mining sites in Kamtonga and Mkuki, Taita Taveta County, Kenya. The FOLCHI method was adopted to quantify the environmental impact of mining activities in gemstone mining sites. The affected environment surrounding the pits was broken down into three components such as Topography, Vegetation and Air. The effect of the three...
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In this study, healthcare waste (HCW) generated in four referral hospitals in Tanzania namely: Muhimbili National Hospital (MNH), Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Center (KCMC), Bugando Medical Center (BMC) and Tumbi Regional Referral Hospital (TRRH) was characterized to establish its feasibility for energy recovery. The HCW collected and loaded into the incinerators was weighed and its composition determined (as highly...
CLIMATE MODELS BIASES AND CORRECTION METHODS EVALUATION IN MOUHOUN RIVER BASIN, BURKINA FASO
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Projected climate change in the Sahel region could strongly affect water resource availability and further compromise food security. Like other Sahelian countries, water resources in Burkina Faso face this threat. This study evaluates five precipitation bias correction methods on climate models outputs in the Mouhoun river basin. Climate Hazards InfraRed Precipitation with Stations (CHIRPS) products merged with Comité...
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In the countries underdeveloped in particular in medium rural, the subsoil waters constitute an invaluable resource but they remain fragile and vulnerable because of the demographic pressure, of the uncontrolled exploitation of the discharges, the absence of system of adequate cleansing and of husbandries. This present work aims to evaluate physicochemical and metal quality waters of 10 wells collecting the ground water of...
HYDROLOGICAL RESPONSE TO LAND USE AND LAND COVER CHANGES OF RIBB WATERSHED, ETHIOPIA
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The analysis examined the Covering the surface within the catchment and its effect on the catchment's hydrological responses. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT2009) model was wont to investigate the impact of land cover change on hydrological responses of the study area. Sensitivity analysis result shown SCN curve number (CN), Soil Evaporation Compensation Factor (ESCO), Soil Depth (m) (Sol_Z), Threshold water...
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