In vitro and in vivo antimalarial activity of Nigella sativa L. extracts
December 2019
The Arabs, Asians and, Traditional Health Practitioners in Mombasa county found in Kenya have been using Nigella sativa L. seeds to traditionally manage malaria associated symptoms that is, headache, fever, chills, loss of appetite among others. The present study investigated in vitro antiplasmodial, in vivo antimalarial activities and safety of different extracts of N. sativa. Five extracts obtained via aqueous...
Recent advances in analytical approaches for the standardization and quality of polyphenols of propolis
December 2019
Analytical approaches utilized for the characterization of polyphenols from propolis useful for the determination of its quality is investigated in this study. A qualitative and quantitative evaluation of propolis bioactive molecules is of interest in medicine and nutraceuticals. Recent powerful analytical techniques are of great utility to separate and quantify polyphenols in extracts and finished products due to their...
Effect of Withania somnifera in the treatment of male infertility: A literature review
November 2019
The high prevalence of male infertility associated with the high costs of its conventional treatment motivated researchers to look for alternative approaches to the treatment of sexual dysfunction. The use of medicinal plants for these fins has been adopted in Withania somnifera which is one of the plants that has been associated with improvements in male fertility. Thus, the aim of this study was to review data...
Evaluation of aphrodisiac properties of the aqueous extract of the trunk barks of Spathodea campanulata P. Beauv. (Bignoniaceae) on albino rats (Rattus norvegicus)
November 2019
Spathodea campanulata P. Beauvois (Bignoniaceae) is a tree from the tropical and subtropical forests of Africa, used in folk medicine for the treatment of several diseases such as gastric pain, rheumatism, lumbago, cataracts and some intestinal parasites. In West Cameroon, traditional healers use a decoction of the bark of the trunk as an aphrodisiac in males. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the...
Menopause disorders and their treatment in traditional medicine in Burkina Faso
November 2019
A survey was conducted in the central region of Burkina Faso to find out about women's menopause-related disorders and their treatment in traditional medicine. Fifty-six (56) species have been identified to treat different symptoms such as hot flashes, insomnia, nausea, joint and muscle pain, itching, lower abdominal pain, edema, mood disorders, vertigo. Leaves and stem bark were the most recommended in the...
The insight and survey on medicinal properties and nutritive components of Shallot
November 2019
Shallot is a horticultural commodity belonging to spice vegetables. Shallot (Allium ascalonicum L.) is a perennial crop which is grown as an annual for its cluster of small cloves and bulbs. Persian shallot also is native and endemic of Iran and grows as a wild plant across Zagross mountains at high elevations. Shallot is an important source of carbohydrate, vitamin A, B, and C. Phenolic compound in Shallot consist of...
Therapeutic role of chitosan nanoparticles in murine schistosomiasis mansoni
November 2019
This research evaluates the value of loading Nigella sativa on chitosan nanoparticles (ChNPs) in the treatment of Schistosoma mansoni infection compared to praziquantel. Chitosan has efficient oral administrative capability to penetrate mucosal surface being mucoadhesive and non-toxic, as well as combination with NPs add characters of controlled release and safe serum levels. The study was done on 40 S. mansoni infected...
Antioxidant, DNA protective and antibacterial activities of Terminalia bellerica extracts
November 2019
Terminalia bellerica Roxb., commonly known as Beleric myrobalan, is a well-known large deciduous tree with various pharmaceutical properties. However, scientific information on T. bellerica, growing in India, as regards to its phytochemical constituents and pharmacological properties is very limited. With this in view, this study investigated the antioxidant, DNA protective and antibacterial activities of different...
Hypoglycemic activity of Antidesma bunius (L.) Spreng and Mollugo oppositifolia L. fresh and alcoholic extracts in the db/db diabetic mouse model
October 2019
Antidesma bunius (L.) Spreng and Mollugo oppositifolia L., also known as “bignay” and “malagoso” respectively, are commonly used medicinal plants in the Philippines to treat diabetes. However, the hypoglycemic effect of A. bunius (L.) Spreng and M. oppositifolia L. has not been reported to date. Therefore, this study was undertaken to investigate the hypoglycemic effects of the fresh and...
Biotechnological potential of the Carapa guianensis, Bertholletia excelsa and Copaifera spp. oils
October 2019
The use of vegetable species for treatment or prevention of diseases is one of the most ancient medicine techniques in humanity. In Amazon rainforest, there are numerous of plant species that possess biotechnological potential, and due to this, this study aimed at carrying out a bibliographic review describing the biotechnological potential in Carapa guianensis, Bertholletia excels, and Copaifera spp. oils. This study...
Antifungal efficacy of crude extracts of Azadirachta indica and Vernonia amygdalina against pathogenic Aspergillus niger (ATCC 16404)
October 2019
This research work was conducted to assess the potency of ethanolic and hot water extract of Azadirachta indica and Vernonia amygdalina against pathogenic Aspergillus niger (ATCC 16404). Potato Dextrose Agar was the medium under which the antimicrobial sensitivity test was carried out. Streptomycin solution was also added to the medium to selectively inhibit the growth of bacterial cell. The results showed that, higher...
Evaluation of hepatoprotective, antioxidant and cytotoxic properties of aqueous extract of turmeric rhizome (Turmesac®)
October 2019
In the present study, the hepatoprotective, antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of aqueous extract of turmeric rhizome (Turmesac®) were evaluated. In brief, Turmesac® was extracted from turmeric rhizome. 3-(4,5- dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide(MTT) assay was used to evaluate the hepatoprotective and cytotoxic activities of the Turmesac® against the human liver (HUH-7) and breast cancer...
Chromatography and bioautography of endophytic fungi extracts of Uncaria tomentosa (Willd.) DC with antibacterial activity
October 2019
Endophytic fungi of different species have already proved their efficacy against a range of pathogenic bacteria. However, the separation of the compounds contained in these extracts that actually have an effective activity is not a constant, but it is essential for the scientific knowledge to formulate a new medication. Thus, this study aimed to separate compounds from two endophytic fungi extracts of Uncaria tomentosa...
Chemical composition, in vitro antioxidant and antiparasitic properties of the essential oils of three plants used in traditional medicine in Benin.
September 2019
Sclerocarya birrea (Sb), Psidium guajava (Pg) and Eucalyptus camaldulensis (Ec) are widely used in traditional medicine for the treatment of many diseases, some of which were related to oxidative stress and parasitic diseases. Their essential oils (EO) were analyzed by GC/MS and FID and tested in vitro for their antioxidant activities (DPPH), their anti-trypanosomal and anti-plasmodial activities against Trypanosoma...
Ethnobotanical studies of medicinal plants used in traditional treatment of malaria by some herbalists in Ghana
September 2019
The use of medicinal plants for the treatment of diseases including malaria is a common practice in Ghanaian traditional medicine. The objective of this study is to document indigenous knowledge of medicinal plants used for the treatment of malaria through ethno-botanical studies to facilitate the discovery of new sources of drugs. The study was carried out in 2018 at the Centre for Plant Medicine Research (CPMR) among...
DNA methylation as the most important content of epigenetics in traditional Chinese herbal medicine
September 2019
Traditional Chinese medicine is commonly used in China and so many other Asian and western Countries. Epigenetics relates to heritable alternations in chromatin architecture that do not involve changes in the underlying DNA sequence but profoundly affect gene expression and impact cellular function. Epigenetic regulation is attained by specific mechanisms involving DNA methylation, histone posttranslational...
Modulatory effects of Momordica balsamina on Th1/Th2 cytokine profiles in immune-challenged rats
August 2019
There is an ever-growing interest to identify plants that boost the immune system functions. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the immunomodulatory effects of Momordica balsamina (MB) leaves extract in BCG-immunized rats. Thirty rats were randomly divided into five groups (n = 6). MB extract was suspended in 1% carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC). Firstly, animals were challenged subcutaneously with...
Evaluation of cytotoxic activity of triterpenes from Clusia studartiana
August 2019
Family Clusiaceae is spread throughout tropical as well as temperate zones, presenting many triterpenes, reported as selective antitumoral agents. The aim of this study is to isolate and identify triterpenes from Clusia studartiana C. M. Vieira & Gomes da Silva and evaluate their cytotoxicity in melanoma (SKMEL 28) and myeloid leukemia (K562) cell lines. Thus, the hexanic extract was processed by phytochemical...
DPPH radical scavenging activity of extracts from Rhamnus prinoides
August 2019
Hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanolic extracts from leaves and stem-bark of Rhamnus prinoides were evaluated for their antioxidant activity by DPPH radical scavenging assay. The leaves extracts showed scavenging activity ranging from 03.33±0.89 to 55.03±3.40 µg mL-1 while the stem-bark extracts showed relatively strong scavenging activity ranging from 03.65±1.02 to 59.55±2.27...
Comparative study of proximate, mineral and phytochemical analysis of the leaves of Ocimum gratissimum, Vernonia amygdalina and Moringa oleifera
August 2019
The aim of this study is to make a comparative analysis of the proximate, mineral and phytochemical compositions of the leaves of Ocimum gratissimum, Vernonia amygdalina and Moringa Oleifera plants found within our vicinity in Nigeria. The analyses were investigated in accordance with standard procedures and compared. Of the 3 plants, M. oleifera had highest (P<0.05) crude fat, crude protein and total ash but lowest...
Evaluation of antidiabetic activity of the ethanol extract of Momordica charantia L. and the identification of charantine by gas chromatography coupled with Mass spectrometry
July 2019
The aerial parts of Momordica charantia L. are very often used in traditional Congolese medicine for their multiple virtues. Our study focused on the identification of a well-known antidiabetic molecule: the charantine and also the antidiabetic properties of the ethanol extract of M. charantia L. After being treated with MSTFA (N-Methyl-N-(trimethylsilyl) trifluoroacetamide) and using gas chromatography-Mass...
Phytochemical screening, chromatographic profile and evaluation of antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of three species of the Cyperaceae Juss. Family
July 2019
Some species of the family Cyperaceae have been studied extensively for presenting bioactive compounds of pharmacological interest. Thus, the present research aimed to investigate the antimicrobial, antioxidant and chemical constituents of Kyllinga odorata Vahl, Oxycaryum cubensis Poepp. & Kunth and Rhynchospora nervosa Boeck. Hydroalcoholic extracts (1:1, v:v) of aerial and underground parts. These species were...
Evaluation of acute toxicity and sub-acute toxicity of the methanolic extract of Aloe rabaiensis Rendle in BALB/c mice
July 2019
This study was undertaken to evaluate preclinical acute and sub-acute toxicity of Aloe rabaiensis leaf methanolic extract (ARLME) on BALB/c mice following OECD guidelines 423 and 407, respectively. In an acute oral toxicity test, ARLME was administered to the mice by oral gavage at a single dose of 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000 and 5000 mg/Kg body weight. The mice were observed for toxic signs for 14 days. In sub-acute oral...
In vitro antiproliferative potential of Annona senegalensis Pers. and Allophylus africanus P Beauv. plant extracts against selected cancer cell lines
July 2019
The medicinal plants Annona senegalensis Pers. and Allophylus africanus P Beauv. are used in Tanzania traditional medicine for the treatment of cancer. However, there is no scientific documentation on their therapeutic effectiveness. The present study evaluated antiproliferative potential as an indicator of anticancer activity of A. senegalensis and A. africanus plant species from Tanzania. A. senegalensis and A....
Fungistatic activity of essential oils for the control of bipolaris leaf spot in maize
June 2019
Research institutions have emphasized alternative disease control agents because they represent a great option with beneficial effects on human and animal health and ecosystem balance. Despite the studies already done on botanical fungicides, their effective use requires knowledge about the applicability of natural products to different production systems. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of...
Evaluation of active phytochemical constituents linked to the analgesic and anti-inflammatory property of Cassia singueana Del. root bark
June 2019
Cassia singueana is used in ethnomedicine for the management of pain and other related ailments. This study aimed to investigate the phytochemical constituents of the plant’s root bark linked to the therapeutics claims of its analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities. The plant material was obtained and identified, and its phytochemical fingerprint profile was established using GC-MS technique. The plant’s...
Evaluation of the in vivo antiplasmodial activity of ethanol leaf extract and fractions of Jatropha gossypifolia in Plasmodium berghei infected mice
June 2019
The study evaluates the in vivo antiplasmodial activity of ethanol leaf extract and fractions of Jatropha gossypifolia in Plasmodium berghei infected mice. Phytochemical, physicochemical analyses, median lethal dose (LD50), effects on biochemical parameter were evaluated and the schizonticidal effects during early and established infections were investigated. The extract (50-200 mg/kg) was screened for antimalarial...
In vitro evaluation of fruit extracts of Annona stenophylla diels and Flacourtia indica for incorporation into formulations for management of cancer
June 2019
There are many reports which show a positive relationship between free radical damage and diseases such as cancer. Free radicals are formed when humans are exposed to ionizing radiation or during oxidation process in human beings can damage tissues and may potentially lead to development of cancers. Since radiation may be used in the management of cancer, there is need for the development of a radioprotective herbal...
Chemical fingerprint of Bacopa monnieri L. and Rosmarinus officinalis L. and their neuroprotective activity against Alzheimer's disease in rat model’s putative modulation via cholinergic and monoaminergic pathways
June 2019
Alzheimer’s disease is characterized by progressive degeneration of cortical and hippocampal neurons. This study aims to characterize the metabolic profiles of the hydro-ethanolic extracts of Bacopa monnieri L. (BM) and Rosmarinus officinalis L. (RO) cultivated in Egypt via UPLC–ESI/MS analyses and reveal their possible mechanism of the prophylactic effect(s) on neuro-degeneration in rat model of...
In vitro anti-inflammatory activity of ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) rhizome, callus and callus treated with some elicitors
May 2019
This study evaluated the effect of ginger rhizome and its callus as well as callus elicited by yeast extract, glycine and salicylic acid on the production of pro-inflammatory (TNF-α, IL-1 and IL-6) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10 and TGF-β) cytokines in vitro. Petroleum ether (PE) and chloroform; methanol (1:1) (CM) extracts of rhizome and callus were shown to significantly (P < 0.05) suppress in a...
Antihistaminic action of Melaleuca armillaris ointment
May 2019
Melaleuca oil has great medicinal properties. The objective is to develop a product based on Melaleuca armillaris to evaluate its antihistaminic action and to compare the antihistaminic effect and protective effect of M. armillaris oil and ointment. Pruritus intensity was assessed at sensitization points. Eighty volunteers, aged between 21 and 60 years (male and female) participated in the study, without...
A review of Ginseng species in different regions as a multipurpose herb in traditional Chinese medicine, modern herbology and pharmacological science
May 2019
Ginseng is the most famous of the Chinese herbs throughout the world, and has been one of the most valued herb in China. Traditional Chinese medicine as an essential element of alternative and complementary medicine, advanced over thousands of years with its own distinctive arrangement of therapies, diagnostics theories and in Asian countries, particularly China. In most parts of the world, especially western countries,...
Ethnobotanical survey and phytogeographical study of plants species from genus Acacia in Bénin
May 2019
The genus Acacia, mainly distributed in the tropical and subtropical regions, has been used in traditional medicines for the treatment of microbial infections, malaria, diarrhea, oedema and inflammation. The present study aims to provide a comprehensive data on the distribution and medicinal use of Acacia species. Ethnobotanical survey and phytogeographical study were undertook using field interviews. Informant...
Cytotoxicity of selected Ethiopian medicinal plants used in traditional breast cancer treatment against breast-derived cell lines
May 2019
Traditional medicine is widely practiced in Ethiopia. Here we investigate the toxicity of extracts of seven medicinal plants traditionally used to treat breast cancer in Ethiopia. These plants, Sideroxylon oxyacanthum, Zanthoxylum chalybeum, Clematis simensis, Clematis longicauda, Dovyalis abyssinica, Vernonia leopoldi, and Clerodendrum myricoides, were selected based on recommendations by traditional healers and on the...
Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of essential oils from Aframomum citratum, Aframomum daniellii, Piper capense and Monodora myristica
May 2019
This study was initiated to evaluate the chemical composition and in vitro antimicrobial activity of essential oils from four Cameroonian spices and to determine the therapeutic effect of a cream based on essential oil from Aframomum citratum. Essential oils were extracted from seeds by hydrodistillation and analyzed by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The broth microdilution method was used...
Isolation and identification of compounds with dioxin-induced AhR transformation inhibitory activity from the leaves of Mallotus japonicus (Thunb.) Muell. Arg.
April 2019
The solvent extracts of 368 plant parts from 191 different species cultivated in Tsukuba (Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan) were previously screened for aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) transformation inhibitory activity. It was observed that the leaf extract of Mallotus japonicus had strong activity. To clarify the antidioxin phytochemical, a 70% acetone extraction from the leaves was fractionated with three kinds of solvent...
Cytotoxic potential of 14 Passiflora species against cancer cells
April 2019
This work aimed to evaluate the cytotoxic potential against cancer cells of Passiflora genus plant species cultivated in Brazil and identify the mechanism of cytotoxicity induced by the most promising extract. Ethanolic extracts from the leaves of 14 Passiflora species were obtained by accelerated solvent extraction and in vitro cytotoxicity evaluated against cancer cell lines using MTT assay at a single concentration...
Genus Etlingera - A review on chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of essential oils
April 2019
Essential oil from plants belonging to several species has been extensively used as natural resources in the prevention and treatment of a large number of diseases. The medicinal and aromatic plants of genus Etlingera produces high percentages of essential oil from its every organ and is recommended for a variety of health problems by traditional systems of medicine in south-east Asia. Essential oils from this genus...
Bio-guided identification of antiglycative constituents from the leaves of Mangifera indica L.
March 2019
Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) have been shown to be implicated in many degenerative disorders as well as diabetic pathology. Of interest, several natural compounds including phenolic constituents are capable of inhibiting the formation of AGEs. Bio-guided fractionation of a methanol extract from Mangifera indica leaves led to the characterization of six antiglycative constituents including gallic acid (1),...
Edraianthus pumilio (Schult.) A. DC.: Phytochemical and biological profile
March 2019
Edraianthus pumilio is stenoendemic plant native to Dalmatia, Croatia. This paper deals with its phytochemical and biological profile. Phytochemical profile of volatile oil was performed by the gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC/MS), while total phenolic content of its aqueous extract was performed by Folin-Ciocalteu method. The phytochemical analysis showed that the main volatile oil compounds were nonanal...
Identification of annotated metabolites in the extract of Centella asiatica
March 2019
Plants contribute to 75% of molecular medicines (MM) either directly or indirectly. Centella asiatica (CA) is being extensively used in experimental and clinical studies. However, its scientific approval is not forthcoming. It is well known that every plant contains useful as well as some harmful compounds. Subjecting whole plant extracts containing harmful compounds to modern pharmacological methods will only...
Protective effects of Pleurotus ostreatus in ameliorating carbon tetrachloride (ccl4) induced liver injury in Wistar rats
March 2019
Since oxidative stress is implicated in the pathogenesis of liver diseases, this study was carried out to evaluate the hepatoprotective, hematoprotective and hypolipidemic effects of Pleurotus ostreatus (Oyster mushroom) in Carbon Tetrachloride (CCl4) induced liver injury in wistar rats. Thirty rats were used for this study. The rats were divided into five groups of six rats per cage. Group I that served as the normal...
Determination of concentration of some essential and heavy metals in roots of Moringa stenopetala using flame atomic absorption spectroscopy
February 2019
This study is aimed at determination of concentration of essential (Ca, K, Na and Mg) and heavy (Cd, Cr, Pb, Hg, Cu and Zn) metals using Flame Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (FAAS) of samples taken from fresh roots of Moringa stenopetala. A wet digestion method involving use of mixture of (HCl and HNO3, ratio 3:1) and 10 ml of 30% H2O2 at an optimum temperature and time duration was deployed during sample preparations....
Essential oil composition, antifungal activity and leaf anatomy of Lippia alba (Verbenaceae) from Brazilian Chaco
February 2019
This study aims to determine the essential oil chemical composition of Lippia alba (Mill.) N.E.Br. ex Britton & P. Wilson collected in the Brazilian Chaco where plants grow in conditions of high temperatures in the summer, periodic flood, low temperatures and air humidity in the winter. We also evaluate the oil antifungal activity against the animal and plant pathogenic fungi Aspergillus flavus, A. fumigatus, A....
Effect of hormones on the seed germination of Bupleurum species
February 2019
In Asia, Radix Bupleuri (Bupleurum spp. root) is an important medicine used for treating many diseases over the past 2000 years. However, its cultivation is difficult due to poor germination rates and loss of seedling viability shortly after seeding. In the present study, the effect of 6-benzyl aminopurine (6-BA), daminozide, gibberellin (GA3), paclobutrazol, uniconazole, and mepiquat chloride (MC) on the germination of...
In vitro effect and scanning electron microscopic changes of Nigella sativa loaded chitosan nanoparticles on Schistosoma mansoni adult
February 2019
Nanoparticles can act as drug carriers that can modulate pharmacokinetics, increase bioavailability and target release with minimal toxic effects. The present work aimed to assess the therapeutic effect and electron microscopic changes of Nigella sativa loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles (NSLCN) on adult Schistosoma mansoni in vitro. Adult worms were removed from the portal and mesenteric veins of infected mice after 90...
Aristolochic acids in herbal medicine: Public health concerns for consumption and poor regulation of botanical products in Nigeria and West Africa
February 2019
Aristolochic acids are naturally occurring biomolecules found in plants of the genus Aristolochia and Asarum belonging to the family Aristolochiaceae. They are reported to be carcinogenic and nephrotoxic; and are implicated in kidney diseases, aristolochic acid nephropathy (AAN) which may result in kidney failure, other health complications and possibly death. Aristolochic acids are highly genotoxic and are linked to...
Exploring the anticoagulant and antiplatelet effect of the extracts of the red marine alga Acanthophora spicifera
January 2019
Cardiovascular diseases represent the major cause of death and morbidity in the world. An uncontrolled activation of the coagulation cascade and platelet aggregation may lead to the formation of thrombi. Antithrombotic drugs have limitations and may produce side effects, and consequently, alternative therapies have been extensively investigated. Thus, the aim of this work was to evaluate anticoagulant and antiplatelet...
Ethnobotanical study on medicinal plants used by indigenous people in Tenta District, South Wollo, Ethiopia
January 2019
Ethnobotanical study on medicinal plants was conducted in Tenta District, South Wollo, Ethiopia from December 2016 to May 2017. Data were collected using guided field walk, semi-structured interview, group discussion and direct field observation. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and response compared with chi-square test. The results documented 121 species of medicinal plants under 98 genera and 53...
Antibacterial potential of extracts of the roots of Zingiber officinale against bacterial strains commonly associated with nosocomial infections
January 2019
Zingiber officinale, commonly known as ginger, has been used as a medicinal plant for decades for medical and culinary purposes. This study aimed to determine the antimicrobial potential of ginger root extracts using the Kirby-Bayer agar diffusion method to compare the zones of inhibition of the extracts to those of synthetic antibiotics against five clinical bacterial pathogens (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas...
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