Abstract

A high-fat diet is a major factor to the global obesity and diabetes epidemic. The mechanism underlying chronic fat-rich food exposure may raise cholesterol and inflammatory mediator levels. One of the key pathological hallmarks of cardiovascular disorders is the development of inflammatory markers (CVDs). The pathological action may also inhibit the insulin secretion, which triggers diabetes-associated psychological distress. Saffron is used for the beneficial effects on different diseases. Therefore, the presented study was conducted to assess the therapeutic profile of saffron on cardio-pathology and neuropsychology in rats, subjected on high-fat diet. The study used Sprague-dawley divided in normal diet (healthy control), high-fat diet treated control animals (HFDCs) and high-fat diet + Saffron (10 mg/kg). After two weeks of treatment, Castelli's risk index, glucose, and insulin levels were analysed, followed by cervical dislocation. Saffron supplements resulted in a lower Castelli's risk index and an increase in insulin level with normoglycemic effects, implying cardioprotective and antidiabetic benefits.

Key words: Cardiopathology, Castelli's risk index, depression, cholesterol, insulin, saffron.