April 2012
Bacteriophage therapy revisited
Phage therapy is a natural process of treating the bacterial infections of animals, plants and humans and it was used before the discovery and widespread of antibiotics. Even now this technology is widely used to increase the shelf life of fruits, vegetables, meat and harvested plants. In this mini review paper, we briefly describe the natural occurrence of bacteriophages; their discovery, history, emergence of phage...
April 2012
Protective effects of soybean, sesame and Job’s Tears on the survival of fermented vegetable Lactobacillus plantarum under gastrointestinal tract conditions
Soybean, sesame and Job’s Tears were evaluated for protective effect under gastrointestinal (GI) tract conditions on viability of thirteen strains of fermented vegetableLactobacillus plantarum. The addition of the cereals greatly improved the strain survival in simulated gastric juice (pH 2.0) for 180 min, especially for six sensitive strains and the protective effect depended on their compositions. All test...
April 2012
The impact of positive selection and mutation in prevalence of representative O/Mya-98 foot and mouth disease strains during 2009-2010
In this study, we investigated the impact of adaptive positive selection on each protein in Open Reading Frame (ORF) (except for 3Dpro) of serotype O Foot-and-Mouth disease (FMDV). The majority of residues under positive selection were located in antigenic sites or close to heparin interacting regions. There were five identical positions between positive selection sites and substitution sites occurred in three FMDV...
April 2012
Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection among dyspepsia patients in Ibadan, South West Nigeria
Helicobacter pylori infection is typically acquired shortly after birth in both low and high-income regions of the world and once the infection is established, it commonly persists life long unless treated. This infection has been identified as an important risk factor for the development of peptic ulcer disease and is probably the most important cause of relapse in those previously treated...
April 2012
Antibiotic susceptibility patterns and penicillinase activity of Staphylococci spp from wound specimens in Lagos
Forty-five Staphylococci spp comprising 33 (73.3%) Staphylococcus aureus and 12 (26.7%) Staphylococcus epidermidis isolated from both non-surgical and post-surgical septic wounds were evaluated for penicillinase activity. Thirty (90.9%) of the S. aureusisolates produced beta-lactamases. Beta-lactamase production accounted for the high level resistance (70-90%) to the penicillins. Five...
April 2012
Yield and microbiological quality of raw milk and fresh cheese obtained from holstein cows receiving a diet supplemented with nopal (Opuntia ficus-indica)
Nopal is a young pad (cladophyll) of prickly pear (Opuntia ficus-indica) highly consumed as a vegetable by human beings in Mexico. It is believed that nopal can increase milk production of bovine cattle. Therefore, the objective of this research was to study the effect of nopal-fed Holstein cows on yield and quality of raw milk and fresh cheese two groups (G) of cows were formed: G1 (n = 6) cows were fed with native...
April 2012
Detection of Neisseria meningitidis and unknown Gammaproteobacteria in cerebrospinal fluid using the two-step universal method
Bacterial meningitis is insufficiently diagnosed based on microscopic, cultural, and multiplex-polymerase chain reaction (M-PCR). The use of already established universal method (UM) offers the ultimate solution to the detection and potential identification of bacteria in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples. We have applied the UM together with a newly established Anchored Multiplex PCR (AMD4; Streptococcus...
April 2012
Comparison of benthic recruitment with pelagic growth of bloom-forming cyanobacteria
In eutrophic lakes, overwintering bloom-forming cyanobacteria such as Microcystis re-inoculate the water column in the spring, contributing to pelagic development as a cell source for initial pelagic growth and a direct inoculum for continued pelagic development as well. In the present study, recruitment and pelagic growth of cyanobacteria were monitored by using migration traps and phytoplankton chambers at a...
April 2012
Prevalence of some enteric parasites in rats at Taif governorate with special reference to associated pathogenic bacteria
Forty nine rats (28 Rattus rattus and 21 Rattus norvegicus) were trapped from various locations at Taif governorate, and examined parasitological for defining of enteric parasites and associated pathogenic bacteria. The recovered enteric parasites were Hymenolepisnana, Hymenolepis dimenuta, Giardia Lamblia cyst, Entamoeba histolytica andCryptosporidium. The...
April 2012
Antibacterial activity of the endophytic fungi from a traditional Chinese herb Paris polyphylla var. chinensis
A total of 29 endophytic fungal isolates were separated from the healthy rhizomes of Paris polyphylla var. chinensis (Trilliaceae), which is a traditional medicinal herb mainly distributed in central China. Eight distinct isolates (that is, Papochf01-Papochf08) were selected for further taxonomical identification by morphological traits and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) rRNA gene sequence...
April 2012
Establishment of universal loop-mediated isothermal amplification method (LAMP) for rapid detection of pathogenic Vibrio spp. in aquatic organisms
Pathogenic Vibrio spp. are regarded as the causative agent of prevalent vibriosis in aquatic organisms and food-borne zoonotic diseases of human, therefore, a rapid and effective detection method is useful for confirming early stages of the infection when the bacterial infection is at a relatively low level, which would significantly reduce the economic loss in aquaculture and seafood...
April 2012
Establishment of universal loop-mediated isothermal amplification method (LAMP) for rapid detection of pathogenic Vibrio spp. in aquatic organisms
Pathogenic Vibrio spp. are regarded as the causative agent of prevalent vibriosis in aquatic organisms and food-borne zoonotic diseases of human, therefore, a rapid and effective detection method is useful for confirming early stages of the infection when the bacterial infection is at a relatively low level, which would significantly reduce the economic loss in aquaculture and seafood...
April 2012
Effects of levofloxacin hydrochloride on the intestinal microbiota of BALB/c mice by PCR-DGGE
Levofloxacin hydrochloride (LH) is recommended for use in the treatment of infectious diseases, but its side effect has not been thoroughly investigated, especially on the intestinal tract. LH was tested of its side effects on effect to intestinal microbiota of BALB/c mice in this study. The similarity, diversity, and sequence analysis of the dominant bands for different drug administration periods were carried out by...
April 2012
Studies on variations of domestic wastewater pollution indexes after being treated by agronomical soil
The objective of this study was to study the pollution indexes [biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) and chemical oxygen demand (COD)] variations in domestic wastewater after treatment with agronomical soil. In this experiment, 15 lysimeters were used, 1 to 5 lysimeters were irrigated by domestic wastewater and primary drainage water was accumulated from these lysimeters, 6 to 9 lysimeters were irrigated by...
April 2012
Domestic water use, sanitation and diarrhea incidence among various communities of Ikare – Akoko, Southwestern, Nigeria
Potable water supply in Ikare – Akoko, Nigeria has been on continuous decrease due to deficiency in safe water supply infrastructure. The productive time of active labour force is being spent in sourcing water due to distance of available sources. In recognition of these problems, this paper examines the domestic water, sanitation and diarrhea situations among the five communities of Ikare – Akoko,...
April 2012
Evaluation of antimicrobial activities of crude methanolic extract of pods of Ceratonia siliqua L. against some pathogens and spoilage bacteria
The antimicrobial activity of crude methanolic extract of Ceratonia siliqua (Carob) extracted from pods was tested on 13 different references and food isolated bacterial pathogens (8 Gram positive and 5 Gram negative) and 8 different references and food isolated fungal pathogens. Antimicrobial activities of the pods of C. siliqua were comparable to those of reference antibiotics (Gentamicin or...
April 2012
Effect of chemical fertilizers on yield and nutritive value of intercropped Sudan grass (Sorghum Sudanense) and cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) forages grown in an adverse environment of western Saudi Arabia
A field experiment was carried out during 2009/2010 and 2010/2011 seasons at Hada Al-Sham experimental Farm of King A/Aziz University in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. The objective was to evaluate the effect of some chemical fertilizers on productivity and nutritive value ofSorghum Sudanense Var. Panar intercropped with Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) in an adverse condition of soil and irrigation water. The...
April 2012
Ecosystem impact on fungal identification using sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) technique
Twenty isolates of Aspergillus species were collected from five different substrate sources and different ecosystems in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia which included agricultural soil, Wheat grain, Sewage dump, soil around car oil dump and Marine fauna. The isolates were cultivated on two different media (Czapek Dox and Waksman) for protein banding patterns determination. The total fungal proteins were analyzed using...
April 2012
Decolourization characterizations of crude enzymes from a novel basidiomycete Mycena purpureofusca
A Mycena purpureofusca strain was investigated in submerged fermentation for its high production of laccase and very low mycelium biomass, as a novel dye-decolourizing white-rot fungus. Laccase was the only lignolytic enzyme produced by this strain during LSF. The extracellular crude enzyme from M. purpureofusca showed characteristic activity in synthetic dye colour removal, decolourizing 70.7%...
April 2012
Antibacterial activity of propolis and Ca(OH)2 against Lactobacillus, Entrococus faecalis, Peptostreptococus and Candida aalbicans
Propolis has been shown to be possibly an appropriate alternative as an intracanal medicament due to its antibacterial properties. The aim of present study was to compare the activity of calcium hydroxide and propolis against Lactobacillus, Enterococcusfaecalis, Peptostreptococcus and Candida albicans. This experimental study was conducted to evaluate antimicrobial activity of ethanol extract of...
April 2012
Characterization of a novel extracellular lipase from a halophilic isolate, Chromohalobacter sp. LY7-8
A newly moderate halophilic strain LY7-8 with high lipolytic activity was isolated from salt lake of Yuncheng, China. Biochemical and physiological characterization, along with 16S rRNA sequence analysis placed the isolate in the genus Chromohalobacter. Lipase production started from the early-exponential phase of bacterial growth and reached a maximum level during the mid-stationary phase. The enzyme was highly...
April 2012
Study on capsular serotype of Klebsiella pneumoniae from patients with liver abscesses and its clinical characteristics
Primary pyogenic liver abscess caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae has recently become an emerging disease, which is often complicated by septic meningitis and endophthalmitis. K. pneumoniae is a significant cause of liver abscess. The invasive K. pneumoniae infections can attack healthy individuals, and some of its patient has a predisposing condition such as diabetes mellitus. According to...
April 2012
Puriï¬cation and properties of carboxymethylcellulase (CMCase) from a cellulose-decomposing bacterium Sporocytophaga sp. JL-01
Sporocytophaga sp., a Gram-negative aerobic cellulose decomposing bacterium, is capable of gliding on the surface of solid medium. A new endoglucanase, carboxymethylcellulase (CMCase1), was purified from an aerobic bacteriumSporocytophaga sp. JL-01. The molecular weight of the enzyme was 82 kDa as determined by SDS Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). The optimum pH was 5.0 and optimum temperature...
April 2012
Active cytomegalovirus infection in autologous stem cell transplant recipients: Incidence and clinical impact
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in patients after autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT) has become a major medical concern. However, few studies have reported active CMV infection before the transplantation. In this study, we retrospectively analyzed the incidence, clinical impact, risk factors, and outcome of CMV pp65 antigenemia in 44 consecutive patients who underwent ASCT between January 2005 and June 2011. CMV...
April 2012
Histopathological study of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) experimentally infected with Ichthyophthirius multifiliis
Little information is available regarding the histopathological changes of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) after infection with Ichthyophthirius multiï¬liis. In the present study, the pathological changes of the gill, skin and muscle from the grass carp exposed to I. multiï¬liis were observed experimentally by the light microscopy (LM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), respectively....
April 2012
Characterization of Toxascaris leonina and Tococara canis from cougar (Panthera leo) and common wolf (Canis lupus) by nuclear ribosomal DNA sequences of internal transcribed spacers
In the present study, samples representing Toxascaris leonina and Tococara canis were collected from cougar (Panthera leo) and common wolf (Canis lupus ) from Harbin Northern Forest Zoo in Heilongjiang Province, China, and they were characterized by nuclear ribosomal DNA (rDNA) sequences of internal transcribed spacers (ITS). The ITS rDNA was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), then...
April 2012
Assessment of the levels of nitric oxide (NO) in chronic diarrhea patients infected with Giardia intestinalis
1Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey. 2Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Ä°nonu University, Malatya, Turkey. 3Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey. 4Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ä°nonu University, Malatya, Turkey. 5Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical...
April 2012
Association of GSTM1 polymorphism with susceptibility to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in Chinese population: A meta-analysis
This study was performed to study the association of GSTM1 polymorphism with susceptibility to hepatocellular carcinoma in Chinese population. Medicinal databases and review articles were screened with pre-specified criteria for case control design trials that reported the association of GSTM1 polymorphism with susceptibility to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in Chinese population. The quality of included studies was...
April 2012
Experimental evaluation of pathogenicity of Streptococcus iniae in Silver Shark and Rainbow Shark
Streptococcus iniae is a main cause of streptococcosis causing the disease in a wide variety of fresh and salt water fish species. This study was aimed to evaluate the pathogenicity of S. iniae in two aquarium fish species, silver shark and rainbow shark. Apparently healthy fish were obtained from a local ornamental fish farm and were injected intraperitoneally with 1×107 cfu of the bacteria...
April 2012
A novel cell-surface display system for heterologous gene expression in Escherichia coli by using NCgl1221423 as the anchoring protein
We developed a novel Escherichia coli cell surface display system by employing the NCgl1221 protein truncated at AA 423 (for example NCgl1221423) as an anchoring motif. The enzyme selected for display was α-amylase (AmyA) from Streptococcus bovis 148. The N terminus of AmyA was fused to NCgl1221423, and the resulting fusion protein was expressed on the cell surface by IPTG induction. The...
April 2012
Comparison of Iranian disc diffusion agar and epsilometer test (E-test) accuracy, in antibiotic susceptibility of Escherichia coli isolated from patients with urinary tract infection
Here we aim at comparing the accuracy of Padtan Teb disc (Iranian DDA) with epsilometer test (E-test) for antibiotic susceptibility, in Escherichia coli isolated from patients with urinary tract infections (UTI) in Shariati University Hospital. Two hundred and fifty patients with UTIs, diagnosed with urinary culture which was confirmed to be infected with E. coli were recruited. The highest...
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