Abstract

Alzheimer's disease is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases characterized by beta-amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. Alzheimer's is associated with various cellular changes including oxidative stress, neuronal inflammation, and mitochondrial disorders, ultimately leading to neuronal death. Flavonols found in the chamomile plant (Matricaria recutita) exert beneficial effects on brain disorders like Alzheimer's disease owing to their antioxidant properties. In this study, the flavonoids from the methanolic extract of chamomile (M. recutita) were isolated and purified using column chromatography and TLC methods. Flavonols from the flavonoid compounds were then extracted, separated, and identified using spectroscopic methods such as 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, Mass, and IR. 56 adult male rats were divided into 7 groups, including control (vehicle 1, solvent of flavonol, and solvent of streptozotocin drug), Alzheimer's, and flavonoid doses of 120, 250, and 400 mg/kg. Diabetes was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin at a dose of 60 mg/kg, and flavonols were administered for 15 days. Memory and learning were assessed using the shuttle box device. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS 22 software, ANOVA, and Tukey tests, with significance set at p ≤ 0.05. The results indicated that doses of 250 and 400 mg/kg of flavonol extracts from chamomile caused significant changes, compared to the control group, ultimately improving avoidance memory in rats. Additionally, oxidative stress parameters were significantly reduced in the Alzheimer's groups treated with chamomile flavonol. Plant flavonols demonstrated the ability to restore spatial memory function and normalize oxidative stress parameters in streptozotocin-treated groups.

Key words: Alzheimer, Flavonoid, Flavonol, learning, rat.