Antimicrobial resistance is a major public health problem in both hospital and community acquired infections. This study assessed knowledge, attitudes and perceptions on antimicrobial resistance among human health workers and veterinarians in Ouagadougou. A cross-sectional study using a self-administered questionnaire was applied among medical health and veterinary structures in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso on February 2020 to January 2021. A total of 34 question-items were self-administered to probe profiles, knowledge and perception about antimicrobial resistance. The collected data was analyzed using XLSTAT 2021.2 for statistical analysis and Excel 2007. A total of 330 participants, 112 clinical health worker, 178 biologists and 40 veterinarians participated in the study. The overall response rate from participants was 92.7% (330/356). 54.4% of participants responded that they needed a training on antimicrobial stewardship. Overall, 198 (60.0%) of the participants had knowledge about AMR. According to the magnitude of the AMR problem, more than 90.0% of participants agree that it is a public health problem for the world, Burkina Faso and our hospitals. The most important factors for the development of antimicrobial resistance were self-prescription and self-medication (96.4%) and poor sensitization of prescribers (65.5%). The main perceived factors were the excessive and inappropriate use of antibiotics (92.7%). The most antimicrobial resistant bacteria according to participants were ESBL-PE with 70.9%. About potential interventions, the antibiotic use policy and training on prescription were considered with a frequency respectively 62.4% and 60.0%. This study made it possible to better understand the perceptions of human and animal health professionals on the problem of AMR. This information obtained on the knowledge of AMR can be useful for designing training plans and programs for controlling antibiotic resistance. More than half think of interventions as a good policy for the use of antimicrobial, training could reduce the dissemination of AMR.

Keywords: antimicrobial resistance, potential interventions, causes of AMR, Ouagadougou