Abstract

Hibiscus sabdariffa L. (Malvaceae) is a plant whose leaves and calyxes are integral to the local diet. The leaves are commonly used in sauce preparations, while the calyxes are utilized in making the local drink known as "bissap," which is highly appreciated by the local population. Despite its socio-economic significance, the production of this species remains relatively low in Côte d'Ivoire. This decline in yield may be attributed to the lack of available information regarding the identification of different H. sabdariffa cultivars. To establish a comprehensive database, a survey and collection of various local cultivars of H. sabdariffa were conducted in 12 locations across Côte d'Ivoire. In total, 80 accessions were recorded, with 53.75% of them located in the North. Among these collected accessions, two primary cultivar types were identified based on calyx coloration: the red type (Hibiscus sabdariffa var sabdariffa) and the green type (Hibiscus sabdariffa var altissima). Within these two types, the presence of other morphotypes has been observed. Cultivation and trade of these cultivars are primarily carried out by women, with over 90% of them having no formal education. The price of calyxes of the red type varies from 3000 to 4700 FCFA per kg, providing an opportunity for farmers to diversify their sources of income. The various accessions collected thus constitute a substantial genetic reservoir necessary for the development of new H. sabdariffa varieties.

Key words: Hibiscus sabdariffa, ex-situ, Collection, Seed genebank, Côte d'Ivoire.