Full Length Research Paper
References
|
Albrecht M, Gotelli NJ (2001). Spatial and temporal niche partitioning in grassland ants. Oecologia 126(1):134-141. |
|
|
Amare G, Girma M (2021). Species composition, seasonal abundance and distribution of avifauna in Lake Hawassa and part of the Eastern Wetland habitats, Southern Ethiopia. International Journal of Biodiversity and Conservation 13(1):1-11. |
|
|
Andrade R, Bateman HL, Franklin J, Allen D (2018). Waterbird community composition, abundance, and diversity along an urban gradient. Landscape and Urban Planning 170:103-111. |
|
|
Aynalem S, Bekele A (2008). Species composition, relative abundance and distribution of bird fauna of riverine and wetland habitats of Infranz and Yiganda at southern tip of Lake Tana, Ethiopia. Tropical Ecology 49(2):199-209. |
|
|
Beresford P, Barker FK, Ryan PG, Crowe TM (2005). African endemics span the tree of songbirds (Passeri): Molecular systematics of several evolutionary "enigmas." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 272(1565):849-858. |
|
|
Bibi F, Ali Z (2013). Measurement of diversity indices of avian communities at Taunsa Barrage Wildlife Sanctuary, Pakistan. Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences 23(2):469-474. |
|
|
Bideberi G (2013). Diversity, distribution and abundance of avifauna in respect to habitat types:a case study of Kilakala and Bigwa, Morogoro, Tanzania. Doctoral Dissertation, Sokoine University of Agriculture. Available at: |
|
|
Briggs F, Lakshminarayanan B, Neal L, Fern XZ Raich R, Hadley SK, Hadley AS, Betts MG (2012). Acoustic classification of multiple simultaneous bird species: A multi-instance multi-label approach. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 131(6):4640-4650. |
|
|
Buckley HL, Freckleton RP (2010). Understanding the role of species dynamics in abundance-occupancy relationships. Journal of Ecology 98(3):645-658. |
|
|
Desalgn A, Subramanian C (2015). Studies on Avian Diversity in Angereb Forest and Adjacent Farm Land With Reference To Rainy and Post Rainy Seasons, Northwestern Ethiopia. International Journal of Pure and Applied Zoology 3(3):2320-9577. |
|
|
Doggart N, Loserian D (2007). South Nguru Mountains. A Description of biophysical landscape. TFCG Technical Paper 11:1-71. |
|
|
Earnst SL, Holmes AL (2012). Bird-habitat relationships in interior Columbia Basin shrubsteppe. Condor 114(1):15-29. |
|
|
Fricke KA, Kempema SL, Powell LA (2009). Ecology of small mammals, vegetation, and avian nest survival on private rangelands in nebraska. Great Plains Research 19(1):65-72. |
|
|
Gabbe AP, Robinson SK, Brawn JD (2002). Tree-species preferences of foraging insectivorous birds: Implications for floodplain forest restoration. Conservation Biology 16(2):462-470. |
|
|
Mengesha G, Bekele A (2008). Diversity, Distribution and Habitat Association of Large Mammals of Altash, North Gonder, Ethiopia. Acta Zoologica Sinca 54(1):20-29. |
|
|
Girmay T, Teshome Z, Tesfamichael T (2020). Bird Diversity and Community Composition in Kafta Sheraro National Park, Tigray, Northern Ethiopia. International Journal of Zoology pp. 1-10. |
|
|
Hammer Ø, Harper DA, Ryan PD (2001). Past: Paleontological statistics software package for education and data analysis. Palaeontologia Electronica 4(1):1. |
|
|
Henle K, Davies KF, Kleyer M, Margules C, Settele J (2004). Predictors of species sensitivity to fragmentation. Biodiversity and Conservation 13(1):207-251. |
|
|
IUCN (2022). The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2022-2. Available at: |
|
|
Jankowski JE, Londoño GA, Robinson SK, Chappell MA (2013). Exploring the role of physiology and biotic interactions in determining elevational ranges of tropical animals. Ecography 36(1):1-12. |
|
|
John R (2006). "The Birds of East Africa: Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi" by Terry Stevenson and John Fanshawe [book review]. The Canadian Field-Naturalist 120(1). |
|
|
Kati VI, Sekercioglu CH (2006). Diversity, ecological structure, and conservation of the landbird community of Dadia reserve, Greece. Diversity and Distributions 12(5):620-629. |
|
|
Keijzer T (2020). Drought Analysis of the Lake Manyara Catchment: Meteorological Drought Occurence, Influence of Atmospheric Teleconnections and Impact on Lake Manyara. Master thesis. Available at: |
|
|
Kelt DA (1994). Ricklefs RE, Schluter D (eds.) (1993). Species diversity in ecological communities; Historical and geographical perspectives. University of Chicago Press. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 75(4):635-636. |
|
|
Kihwele E (2015). Spatial and Temporal Variations in the Abundance and Diversity of Phytoplankton in Lake Manyara, Tanzania. International Journal of Innovative Studies in Aquatic Biology and Fisheries 1:1-14. |
|
|
Kihwele ES, Lugomela C, Howell KM (2014). Temporal Changes in the Lesser Flamingos Population (Phoenicopterus minor) in Relation to Phytoplankton Abundance in Lake Manyara, Tanzania. Open Journal of Ecology 04(03):145-161. |
|
|
Lee PY, Rotenberry JT (2005). Relationships between bird species and tree species assemblages in forested habitats of eastern North America. Journal of Biogeography 32(7):1139-1150. |
|
|
Lamesginew T, Abebayehu D (2020). The abundance, diversity and distribution pattern of avian species in the Fentie Community Conservation Area, Ethiopia. Journal of Science and Inclusive Development 2(2):66-85. |
|
|
MacArthur RH, MacArthur JW (1961). On Bird Species Diversity. Ecology 42(3):594-598 |
|
|
MacArthur R, Recher H, Cody M (1966). On the Relation between Habitat Selection and Species Diversity. The American Naturalist 100(913):319-332. |
|
|
Manley K, Webster J (2006). Can we keep quality care alive? Nursing Standard. Royal College of Nursing (through 2013) 21(3):12. |
|
|
Mariki S, Hassan S, Maganga S, Modest R, Salehe F (2011). Wildlife-Based Domestic Tourism In Tanzania: Experiences From Northern Tourist Circuit. Ethiopian Journal of Environmental Studies and Management 4(4):62-73. |
|
|
Mgelwa AS, Mpita MO, Rija AA, Kabalika Z, Hassan SN (2023). Avifauna Community in a Threatened Conservation Landscape, Western Tanzania: A Baseline. In Tanzania Journal of Forestry and Nature Conservation 92(1):10-24. |
|
|
Mmassy E, Maliti H, Nkwabi A, Mwita M, Mwakatobe A, Ntalwila J, Lowassa A, Mtui D, Liseki S, Lesio N (2018). Population status and trend of lesser flamingos at Lakes Natron and Manyara, Tanzania. Flamingo: Journal of the IUCN SSC / Wetlands International Flamingo Specialist Group. Available at: |
|
|
Nicolaides A (2014). Stakeholders, purposes and responsibilities: Avitourism in South Africa. African Journal of Hospitality and Leisure 3(2):1-14. |
|
|
Nonga HE, Mdegela RH, Lie E, Sandvik M, Skaare JU (2011). Assessment of farming practices and uses of agrochemicals in Lake Manyara basin, Tanzania. African Journal of Agricultural Research 6(10):2216-2230. |
|
|
Okosodo EF, Orimaye JO, Odewumi O (2016). Diet and Foraging Ecology of Fork Tailed Drongo (Dicrurusadsimilis) in Leventis Foundation Nigeria, Agricultural School South West Nigeria. International Journal of Environment, Agriculture and Biotechnology 1(2):252-256. |
|
|
Palmer TM, Stanton ML, Young TP (2003). Competition and Coexistence: Exploring Mechanisms That Restrict and Maintain Diversity within Mutualist Guilds. American Naturalist 162(4):63-79. |
|
|
Parmesan C, Gaines S, Gonzalez L, Kaufman DM, Kingsolver J, Peterson AT, Sagarin R (2005). Empirical perspectives on species borders: From traditional biogeography to global change. Oikos 108(1):58-75. |
|
|
Pineda-Diez De Bonilla E, León-Cortés JL, Rangel-Salazar JL (2012). Diversity of bird feeding guilds in relation to habitat heterogeneity and land-use cover in a human-modified landscape in southern Mexico. Journal of Tropical Ecology 28(4):369-376. |
|
|
Rajashekara S, Venkatesha MG (2011). Community composition of aquatic birds in lakes of Bangalore, India. Journal of Environmental Biology 32(1):77-83. |
|
|
Ramchandra AM (2013). Diversity and richness of bird species in newly formed habitats of Chandoli National Park in Western Ghats, Maharashtra State, India. Biodiversity Journal 4(1):235-242. |
|
|
Richardson WJ (1990). Timing of Bird Migration in Relation to Weather: Updated Review. In: Bird Migration (ed. Gwinner E.). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg pp. 78-101. |
|
|
Rodríguez-Estrella R (2007). Land use changes affect distributional patterns of desert birds in the Baja California peninsula, Mexico. Diversity and Distributions 13(6):877-889. |
|
|
Rohde R, Hilhorst T (2001). A profile of environmental change in the Lake Manyara Basin, Tanzania 109:31. |
|
|
Rosenberg KV (1990). Dead-leaf foraging specialization in tropical forest birds: Measuring resource availability and use. Studies in Avian Biology 13(13):360-368. |
|
|
Shitta EA, Eqwumah PO, Akosim C (2016). Seasonal abundance and trend of avian species of Lake Marmai Wetland, Taraba State, Nigeria. Journal of Research in Forestry, Wildlife and Environment 8(2):171-182. |
|
|
Storch D, Konvicka M, Benes J, Martinková J, Gaston KJ (2003). Distribution patterns in butterflies and birds of the Czech Republic: Separating effects of habitat and geographical position. Journal of Biogeography 30(8):1195-1205. |
|
|
Waterhouse FL, Mather MH, Seip D (2003). Distribution and abundance of birds relative to elevation and biogeoclimatic zones in coastal old-growth forests in southern British Columbia. Journal of Ecosystems and Management 2:1-13. |
|
|
Yanda PZ, Madulu NF (2005). Water resource management and biodiversity conservation in the Eastern Rift Valley Lakes, Northern Tanzania. Physics and Chemistry of the Earth 30(11-16):717-725. |
|
|
Yihenew A, Bezawork A (2018). Diversity, distribution and habitat association of birds in Menze-Guassa Community Conservation Area, Central Ethiopia. International Journal of Biodiversity and Conservation 10(9):372-379. |
|
Copyright © 2025 Author(s) retain the copyright of this article.
This article is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0
