Journal of
Medicinal Plants Research

  • Abbreviation: J. Med. Plants Res.
  • Language: English
  • ISSN: 1996-0875
  • DOI: 10.5897/JMPR
  • Start Year: 2007
  • Published Articles: 3835

Full Length Research Paper

In vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of Pistacia lentiscus, Phyllanthus anderssonii and Cinnamomum verum crude extracts and fractions

Emtinan A. Alhadi
  • Emtinan A. Alhadi
  • Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Alneelain, P. O. Box11121, Khartoum, Sudan.
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Omer A. A. Hamdi
  • Omer A. A. Hamdi
  • Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Alneelain, P. O. Box11121, Khartoum, Sudan.
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Saad M. H. Ayoub
  • Saad M. H. Ayoub
  • Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medical Sciences and Technology, P. O. Box12810, Khartoum, Sudan.
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Sakina Yagi
  • Sakina Yagi
  • Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of Khartoum, P. O. Box 321, Khartoum, Sudan.
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  •  Received: 05 April 2018
  •  Accepted: 14 May 2018
  •  Published: 25 May 2018

Abstract

In this study, phytochemical screening, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of ethanolic (80%) extracts from leaf and stem of Pistacia lentiscus and Phyllanthus anderssonii and leaf of Cinnamomum verum and their fractions were evaluated. Antimicrobial activity was performed by disc diffusion method. The antioxidant activity was determined by stable 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) free radical method. Fractionation improved the antimicrobial activity of P. lentiscus and C. verum. The ethyl acetate fraction of P. lentiscus leaf showed higher activity against Bacillus subtilis (19 mm), Staphylococcus aureus (18 mm), Escherichia coli (20 mm), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (22 mm) than that obtained from the crude ethanolic extract and the aqueous fraction displayed the highest activity against S. aureus (21 mm). Fractionation also improved the antimicrobial activity of the stem against B. subtilis (19 mm from ethyl acetate, butanol and aqueous fractions), P. aeruginosa (18 mm from ethyl acetate fraction) and Candida albicans (20 mm from ethyl acetate fraction). Although crude ethanolic leaf extract of C. verum did not show antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger, however, upon fractionation, the ethyl acetate and aqueous fractions displayed high antifungal activity (20 and 19 mm, respectively); it also improved its activity against C. albicans (21 mm) and B. subtilis (20 mm) from the ethyl acetate and aqueous fractions, respectively. Fractionation of P. anderssonii stem ameliorated only the antibacterial activity against S. aureus (20 mm) and E. coli (21 mm) where the aqueous fraction exhibited the highest activity. Results of antioxidant activity showed that leaf of P. lentiscus (95%) and stem of P. anderssonii (93%) displayed the highest DPPH scavenging activity. Fractionation improved mainly the antioxidant potentiality of C. verum leaf where the ethyl acetate (78%) showed the highest activity. The different polarities of solvents yielded different fractions with different chemical composition and thus displayed different levels of antimicrobial and antioxidant activity.

Key words: Pistacia lentiscus, Phyllanthus anderssonii, Cinnamomum verum, antimicrobial activity, antioxidant activity.

 

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