Pteridophytes present significant evolutionary innovations such as development of true conducting system with xylem and phloem and dominant saprophytic phase. Pteridophytes are frequently used as ornamental plants because of the green long lasting large foliage and sturdy plant forms. They are being used as bio-indicators for pollution, phytoremediators, and some used as bio-fertilizers. During the invasion of land habit, pteridophytes developed several morphological adaptations and secondary metabolites for tolerance and defense. Some of these compounds show the biological activity against pathogens and have potential to be used in drugs. The traditional system of medicine plays an important role in health care of urban, rural and tribal people for all types of diseases without causing any side effect. Some of the ferns are mixed with cattle fodder to protect them from extreme cold. These plants have tremendous foliage. Evolution of local and traditional uses and vast scope of pteridophytes would prove as good resource, maintained for upliftment of human society.